Transcript BARRIER SPRAYS & REPELLENT QUESTIONNAIRES AT MARINE CORPS RECRUIT DEPOT – PARRIS ISLAND Brian F.

BARRIER SPRAYS & REPELLENT
QUESTIONNAIRES AT MARINE CORPS
RECRUIT DEPOT – PARRIS ISLAND
Brian F. Prendergast
LCDR, USN
Navy Environmental and Preventive
Medicine Unit 2
Norfolk, VA
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Biting insects and SSTI & MRSA?
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Possible biting insect role in MRSA
MRSA Cases by Month
MRSA Cases/Month
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1.4 per 1,000
2004
< 0.2 per 1,000
2006
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Cases
STSI/Month
2002
2003
2004
Anatomic Site
Cases
Percent
Lower Extremity
86
44.3%
Thigh/Hip
Knee
Leg
Ankle
Foot
15
27
31
2
11
7.7%
13.9%
16.0%
1.0%
5.7%
Upper Extremity
57
29.4%
Axilla
Arm
Elbow
Forearm
Hand
8
20
13
7
9
4.1%
10.3%
6.7%
3.6%
4.6%
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Anatomic Site unknown for 41 cases
Anatomic Site
Cases Percent
Head
Face
Neck
4
2.1%
4
3
2.1%
1.5%
Torso
Back
Buttocks
Inguinal
Genital
3
9
12
1
4
1.5%
4.6%
6.2%
0.5%
2.1%
Urine
Sputum
1
1
0.5%
0.5%
Tissue, Unspecified
9
4.6%
Parris Island, South Carolina
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South Carolina
lowlands
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New Jersey Light Trap Data
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Mosquito surveillance program
is effective
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Mosquito control program could
not be assessed
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There may be changes in how the
data is used
Treatment threshold has fluctuated
between 25 and 50 per night
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Prevention and Control
Control Measures for Parris Island
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Focus on improving recruit hygiene
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Hand-washing & showers
Personal Hand-sanitizers
Others: inspections, laundry
Insect Control
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Many MRSA cases start as bites
Recommended DEET for recruits
Permethrin for uniforms
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Mosquito Control
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AKA magic bullet
Barrier spray studies
Talstar One (bifenthrin)
.33 – 1.0 ounce/gal/ 1000 ft2
LCDR Brian F. Prendergast, USN, NEPMU2
LCDR John Dunbar, USNR
Dr. Todd Walker, NDVECC Jacksonville
LTJG Toby Palmer, NDVECC Jacksonville
LTJG Ephrain Ragasa, NDVECC Jacksonville
HM3 Reginald Oden, NEPMU2
Mr. Kent Smith, NDVECC Jacksonville
Joe Andrews, Univar inc.
Charlie Pate, Wellmark Int.
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Surveillance
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Oc. taeniorhynchus
Results
Oc. Sollicitans *
Oc. atlanticus
Mosquito Treatments
Ps. ciliata
Ps. columbiae
An. crucians
Treatment Mosquitoes
Warrior Stations
An quadrimaculatus
Combat Town
Cx salinarius
Warrior Town
Cx nigripalpus
Culex sp.
9/
13
/2
00
5
9/
6/
20
05
Aedes sp.
8/
30
/2
00
5
8/
23
/2
00
5
# Mosquitoes
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Culicoides sp.
Control
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9/16/2005
9/14/2005
9/12/2005
9/10/2005
9/8/2005
9/6/2005
9/4/2005
9/2/2005
8/31/2005
8/29/2005
8/27/2005
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Control
8/25/2005
Trapping – 8/26 (+2),
9/1 (+8), 9/5 (+12),
9/16 (+22)
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
8/23/2005
Application – 8/24
# Mosquitoes
Trap 8/23
Results - Culicoides
Results
800
Treatment Culicoiedes
Mosquitoes
700
600
500
Warrior Station
400
Combat Town
300
Warrior Town
200
100
8/
22
/2
00
5
8/
24
/2
00
5
8/
26
/2
00
5
8/
28
/2
00
5
8/
30
/2
00
5
9/
1/
20
05
9/
3/
20
05
9/
5/
20
05
0
Control - Culicoides
8/
22
/2
00
8/
24 5
/2
00
8/
26 5
/2
00
8/
28 5
/2
00
8/
30 5
/2
00
5
9/
1/
20
05
9/
3/
20
05
9/
5/
20
05
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
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Control - Culicoides
Recommendations
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Mosquito control at Parris Island
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Barrier sprays will be useful under certain
circumstances
Recruits must use repellents and practice
good hygiene
Future of barrier sprays
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Worth further investigation
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Potentially very useful in certain contingencies
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HYGIENE QUESTIONNAIRE
August 2006
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TRAINING BATTALION/BAS _____________________________________
TRAINING ACTIVITY IN PROGRESS _______________________________
DATE/TIME _____________________________________________________
1. How often do you shower? (Circle one) More than once a day / Once a day / Less than once a day
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2. How many times have you showered in the past 7 days? ______
3. Are you told to shower? (Circle one) Yes / No
4. Does your shower last long enough to soap up and then rinse? (Circle one) Yes / No
5. On average, how many times do you wash your hands per day? ______
6. Do you have hand sanitizer available to you in the field? (Circle one) Yes / No
7. Are you told to wash your hands? (Circle one) Yes / No
8. How often do you share towels with someone else? Always / Frequently / Sometimes / Never
9. How often do you share bar soap with someone else? Always / Frequently / Sometimes / Never
10. How often do you share a razor with someone else? Always / Frequently / Sometimes / Never
11. Approximately how many bug bites have you gotten in the past 7 days? _______
12. Were you ever issued insect repellant (“bug spray”) ? (Circle one) Yes / No
13. How often do you use insect repellants? More than once a day / Once a day / A few times a day /
Rarely / Never
14. Have you been instructed at MCRD how to use insect repellants? (Circle one) Yes / No
15. Which repellants do you use? (circle all that apply)
Military issue DEET in green tube /
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‘OFF’ in aerosol can / ‘Skin So Soft’ / Other (please list)________________________
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THANK YOU FOR HELPING WITH THIS SURVEY!
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Results
How many bug bites in
past 7 days?
3 [1.0, 10.0]
Issued insect repellent?
Yes – 0.96 [0.925, 0.980],
Frequency of repellent use?
A few times –
0.02 [0.008, 0.049],
A few times a day –
0.02 [0.008, 0.049]
More than once a day - 0.04 [0.023, 0.081]
Once a day –
0.15 [0.108, 0.204],
Rarely –
0.59 [0.526, 0.659],
Never –
0.17 [0.128, 0.231]
Instructed on repellent use?
Yes – 0.56 [0.490, 0.625]
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No – 0.04 [0.020, 0.075]
No – 0.44 [0.370, 0.505]
Results by Battalion
Ln bug
bites last
7d
Issued
Insect
Repellent
Instructed
on insect
repellent
16
1st BN
2nd BN 3rd BN 4th BN
1.9
SE 0.17
2.5
SE 0.12
1.3
SE 0.20
1.4
SE 0.10
1.0 Y
0.0 N
0.91 Y
0.09 N
0.97 Y
0.02 N
0.98 Y
0.02 N
0.70 Y
0.30 N
0.41 Y
0.59 N
0.54 Y
0.46 N
0.60 Y
0.40 N
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