Thomas Bassett Andrea Marpillero-Colomina Mobility Networks in the Americas: Local Politics and Cultural Paradigms Tuesdays at APA - Chicago March 13, 2012 The New York Times.
Download ReportTranscript Thomas Bassett Andrea Marpillero-Colomina Mobility Networks in the Americas: Local Politics and Cultural Paradigms Tuesdays at APA - Chicago March 13, 2012 The New York Times.
Thomas Bassett Andrea Marpillero-Colomina Mobility Networks in the Americas: Local Politics and Cultural Paradigms Tuesdays at APA - Chicago March 13, 2012 The New York Times ECPA Energy and Climate Partnership of the Americas http://ecpaplanning.org/ http://ecpaplanning.ning.com/ MOBILITY ISSUES IN THE AMERICAS rapid urbanization » no infrastructure planning no public investment in mobility infrastructure corruption The City Fix METHODOLOGY planners in-depth interviews INTERVIEWS government academics bus operators officials historical research examination of statistical data political HISTORICAL RESEARCH urban transit socio-cultural DATA population ridership impacts approval CURITIBA-1974 low-cost exclusive right-of-way prepaid fare coordinated entry/exit Google images BOGOTA - 2000 Bogotá - 2000 Population = 8 million population ≈ 8 million 10 million vehicle trips per day vehicle trips per day 6 million of these on 10 million public transport ITDP ITDP BEFORE TRANSMILENIO AFTER TRANSMILENIO All photos: ITDP TRANSMILENIO two part system segregated trunk lines free feeder buses Phase I Phase II Feeder Routes Source: ITDP FEEDER BUSES access to informal settlements poor road infrastructure smaller buses navigate easily ITDP FINANCING government builds infrastructure operations privately contracted operational costs covered entirely by fare collection trunk corridors stations pedestrian bridges public space main stations and depots control center max 70% national government (World Bank Loan) 30%+ local government 50% Municipal gas tax NEGOTIATIONS flotas fear revenue loss flota operators » bus drivers flotas remain primary mode IMPROVEMENTS public parks libraries integrate with bike lane network private commercial development EXPANSION BRT expanded to other large cities funding structure: - 70% national government - 30% local government PEREIRA - 2006 trunk bus feeder bus interchanges stations Pereira Megabús assumes 46% of transit demand Dosquebradas Cuba Megabus SA IMPROVEMENTS design for 1 way streets sank utility lines run-off mitigation tie-in beautification Photos: Megabus SA PEREIRA TERMINUS roof is public space community gathering spot supports local commerce encourages mobility CALI - 2009 Mio METROCALI, SA assumes 94% of transit demand connection planned to cable car system METROCALI, SA METROCALI, SA MEDELLÍN - 2011 Metroplus to assume 60% of transit demand (with metro) METROPLUS, SA METROPLUS, SA MEDELLÍN - 2009 under construction Planned integration with Metro Evidence of resident displacement PRE-EXISTING TRANSIT metro Metroplus, SA metrocable METROCABLE tied with public amenities navigates steep terrain connectivity for poor communities BACKLASH IN BOGOTA severe overcrowding higher bus frequency inhibited metro construction planned NEW YORK - 2008 “Select Bus Service” – 2008 pilot two phases currently operational partial implementation of BRT NYC MTA FEATURES bus lanes pre-payment stations branding bus priority passenger information COMMUNITY OPPOSITION 34th Street redesign demanded Graphics: The New York Times COMMUNITY OPPOSITION 34th Street redesign demanded B44 rejected by community board NYC DOT CHALLENGES Streetsblog opposition enforcement clarity Streetsblog Our Town PUBLICITY defensive preemptive SANTIAGO, CHILE population = 6 million military dictatorship until 1990 neoliberal development policies complex national government structure Roadlesstravelled.com SANTIAGO - 2007 created to regulate buses, formalize system modeled after Transmilenio Rebellioncorp Volvo - Chile STRUCTURE national initiative (Ministry of Transport) operated by privately contracted companies 1. National Ministry of Transport stations, street infrastructure 2 . privately contracted companies own buses, organize / run routes police enforcement 3. national police enforce traffic laws GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE no city government decentralized power competing / conflicting interests Newworldencyclopedia.com ROLL OUT - 2007 abrupt implementation no public outreach TRANSANTIAGO drivers given monthly salary integration with subway reduction in congestion improved over time Plataformaurbana.cl THANK YOU! [email protected] [email protected] ITDP All visuals in this presentation are the work of the presenters unless otherwise indicated.