Microsoft Research Faculty Summit 2007

Tom Healy Lead Program Manager Microsoft Research

Technology must to be affordable, accessible, and relevant for the “bottom of the pyramid”

Top of Pyramid

H/H Income >$20,000 10% of the world

Solutions need to be considered from “first principles” for that specific segment.

Underserved markets in developed countries

Middle of Pyramid

H/H Income $1,500-$20,000 30% of the world

Bottom of Pyramid

H/H Income <$1,500 60% of the world

Social and cultural relevance is key.

1,500 – 1,750 4,000

Quest for Fundamental Understanding?

Yes

Basic Research Use-Inspired Research

“Pasteur’s Quadrant” No

Consideration of Use?

No

Applied Research

Yes Donald Stokes Brookings Institution, 1997

Applications Devices & UI Networks Data Relevant, Integrated Systems Cell Phones, Mobile Devices, Shared Computing, Kiosks Protocols, Non-Persistent Connections, Mesh Networks, Sensor Networks Data Aggregation, Data Models

$1.2M worldwide RFP in early 2006.

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163 submissions from 34 countries.

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17 projects were selected Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) partnerships.

Pursue “proof-of-concept” field experiments.

Title Country Mesh Networking: a test bed for security issues and community actions Digital Inclusion Kit in Health and Higher Education Integrated Healthcare Information Services through Mobile telephony in Botswana Robust and low cost networking for rural kiosks Wi-Fi Enabled Phones for bridging the Cognitive Divide and Transforming the Classroom Experience Project of Modern Long-distance Education for Agricultural and Pastoral Area in Tibet Design and Development of a Low-Cost Low-Power Portable Medical Device Appropriate technology interaction for facilitating peer to peer internet microfinance in Uganda Poor Man’s Broadband: Peer-to-Peer Dialup Networking Deployment wireless ambient networks on heterogeneous rural environments Argentina Argentina Botswana Canada Chile China India Netherlands Pakistan Uruguay Early Warning Flood Systems Based on Sensor Networks Speech Interfaces for Health Information-access in Underserved Communities AIR: Advancement through Interactive Radio Smartphone Health Information and Epidemiology Network (SHIEN) – Vietnam Immersive Language Learning Using Smart Phones DSH and CAM: Leveraging Low Cost Technology for Rural India Wireless Grids: A Technology for Rural Networking USA USA USA USA USA USA USA Institution Name: Cequinor/Lanais EFO, CONICET-UNLP University of Buenos Aires University of Botswana University of Waterloo Universidad Catolica de Chile Modern Educational Technology Center International Institute of Information Technology Delft University of Technology Lahore University of Management Sciences Universidad de la República, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Carnegie Mellon University University of Colorado at Boulder Dartmouth College University of California, Berkeley University of Washington University of Wisconsin-Madison

Digital Inclusion Kit in Health and Higher Education Our goal is to promote research and development in Latin America. In Telemedicine (TM), we aim to reach underserved zones, rural and urban, with mobile technology (DITRK), which allows data acquisition from patients unable to visit medical centers. Mobile devices with portable acquisition systems, such as ECG or arterial blood pressure, enable the building of a clinic database for use in preventive medicine for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer among others. As a backbone, a Virtual Cluster (VC) is constructed, sharing all patient data among educational and research communities.

Guillermo Marshall

University of Buenos Aires

Sensor data transmitted to cell phone Local clinician enters additional data Transmitted to centralized site Skilled doctor analyzes Clinical database

Database

Data mining Guidance to remote site Bluetooth peripheral device that communicates patient data to the phone

Robust and Low Cost Networking for Rural Kiosks Rural internet kiosks provide services including birth, marriage, and death certificates, land records, and consulting on medical and agricultural problems, however network connectivity for these kiosks is both expensive and failure prone. We are investigating the use of cars, buses and even bullock carts that pass by a kiosk carrying a small computer with 20-40GB of storage and a WiFi card as mechanical backhaul devices to opportunistically communicate with kiosk controllers to carry data to and from a village and an internet gateway.

Srinivasan Keshav

University of Waterloo, Canada

Srinivasan Keshav, University of Waterloo; Sanijiva Prasad, IIT, Delhi http://blizzard.cs.uwaterloo.ca/tetherless/index.php/KioskNet Collaborative project between U of Waterloo and IIT, Delhi.

“Mechanical backhaul” and long-range directional wireless mesh networking technologies in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India.

Government trucks visit the rural kiosks. They send/receive data from the kiosk when the trucks are in transmission proximity and bring back the data to headquarters.

Connectivity to 80 current rural kiosks, project will expand to 4200 kiosks.

Deployment of Wireless Ambient Networks on Heterogeneous Rural Environments Remote rural communities in Uruguay frequently depend on unreliable, expensive, low capacity physical links, and some lack networking infrastructure. Our solution to improve connectivity uses Ambient Networks (AN) concepts to enable the cooperation of heterogeneous networks to allow instant and dynamic user access. RAN implementation will be policy-based, evolving, and platform independent and the architecture will be applicable to end devices such as PDAs or mobile phones, and flexible enough to deal with central components such as gateways and servers.

Eduardo Grampin

Universidad de la Republica Uruguay

Bridge digital divide in a specific rural communities Wireless communication infrastructure Software tools for production and collaborative work Academic research in Wireless technologies WiFi, WiMAX, 3G/4G Network abstraction and composition: ambient networks Mobility management, handoff, location-aware services Routing, Ad-hoc / Mesh networking Mobile devices, software tools and middlewares Policy Based Network Management Collaborative workgroup frameworks

Appropriate Technology Interaction for Facilitating Peer to Peer Internet Microfinance in Uganda KIVA operates with local microfinance institutions (MFI) to connect individual entrepreneurs in developing countries, through a direct peer-to-peer network online, with sponsors in developed countries who provide funding for their business development proposals. The goal of this research is to identify which technology interaction forms are most appropriate for integration into the operational context of microfinance institutions (MFI) working in Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania in order to facilitate entrepreneurs’ access to micro credit through KIVA.

Jan Carel Diehl

Delft University of Technology, Netherlands

During six months in 2006 design researchers worked directly with microfinance partners in Uganda and Kenya to develop an appropriate technology solution to facilitate the use of their online lending platform. Kiva.org

and four of its existing The solution is a cell phone connection.“ based application dubbed ‘The Miracle Mobile Solution’ or MiMoSo. partner information including text and images, can now be sent via Multi-Media Message Service. Users submit updates directly over the mobile network without the need for an internet

Wi-Fi Enabled Phones for Bridging the Cognitive Divide and Transforming the Classroom Experience Experts stress the need to change the traditional classroom dynamic to one in which the teacher guides students as they actively learn by themselves. Handheld devices with wireless networks (WiFi) enable Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, but the cost of equipment for a classroom is beyond a poor country’s budget. This project will enable teachers to connect through GPRS/EDGE networks using his/her phone to guide students through online resources, with students following on their Wi-Fi enabled phones.

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Miguel Nussbaum

Universidad Catolica de Chile

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Handheld devices with wireless networks (WiFi) allow face-to-face Computer Supported Collaborative Learning.

Wi-Fi enabled phones can make a great impact in transforming classrooms. The project aims to bring the Internet to the classroom without any other hardware. Demonstrate that with WiFi enabled phones the cognitive development of children improves in a one semester experience.

Cell phone is the platform.

Healthcare, Education, and Micro economy support are the killer apps.

Multi-discipline approaches work; and, are needed.

NGO participation is key to success in social relevance.

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