Sustainable and Financially Effective (SaFE) Barts and Text the London NHS Trust 30 September 2011 1 Footnote SOURCE: Source.
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Sustainable and Financially Effective (SaFE) Barts and Text the London NHS Trust 30 September 2011 1 Footnote 1 SOURCE: Source Agenda 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Conclusions for Barts & the London (from Phase 1) 4 Supporting London Acute Productivity Gain 5 Discussion Points Appendix • Peer Groups • Medical Oncosts for Barts & the London 2 Introduction ▪ Healthcare for London, published in July 2007, illustrated a compelling case for change in health and healthcare services across London. Four years on, the case for change is as powerful as ever. ▪ London’s NHS faces pressure from increasing demand for healthcare: – a growing and ageing population; – changing patterns of disease and health; – innovations in medical technology; and – changing public expectations. – which alongside the slowdown in funding growth for the NHS poses a significant challenge to the overall affordability of London’s healthcare system. ▪ In 2009, NHS London undertook detailed modelling that showed that on a ‘do nothing’ basis, by 2016/17, there would be a £4.4billion funding shortfall for commissioners in London on a recurrent basis over a 9-year period, to be addressed by tariff pricing (£2.4bn) and commissioning levers (£2.0bn). Analysis also demonstrated additional pressure of up to £1.9bn on acute providers from activity changes. ▪ Implementing Healthcare for London proposed an approach, underpinned by financial analysis, that achieved both clinical sustainability and financial viability for PCTs in London. But major service reconfiguration and/or organisational changes would be necessary to deliver viable Trusts capable of achieving FT status. ▪ The NHS in London is running out of time to undertake these changes in order to achieve a viable provider landscape. Although London’s integrated plan for 2011/12 and beyond reflected an updated commissioner model, in many cases PCT Clusters’ plans fail to reveal the scale of changes needed, partly because of the complex policy and political environment within which the NHS operates. ▪ Therefore, SaFE provides a simulation based on standardised modelling of financial, quality and safety issues. It is consistent across London and determines whether the 18 acute NHS Trusts in London can achieve FT status by 2014, taking into account current cost and income trajectories, quality requirements and potential productivity improvements. ▪ Following discussions with NHS leadership and Secretary of State, a number of workstreams have been developed to take this work forward, central to which is a dialogue with each Trust Board regarding its response to the challenges and opportunities presented by the analysis. This will inform the development of detailed milestones to be included in finalised TFAs. 3 Agenda 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Conclusions for Barts & the London (from Phase 1) 4 Supporting London Acute Productivity Gain 5 Discussion Points Appendix • Peer Groups • Medical Oncosts for Barts & the London 4 Approach: We estimated Trusts’ financial position to 2014/15 in 5 steps Establish 10/11 baseline ▪ Used Trusts’ underlying position in 10/11 (net of non-recurrent income and costs) as baseline ▪ Forecasted income until 2014/15 based on 3 factors: – Net clinical activity growth based on commissioner plans – underlying demand growth assumptions (range 1.9%-5.0%) – demand management net of reinvestment (range 1.1%-8.9%) – Price reduction of -1.5% per year across both PbR and non-PbR clinical income – Forecast of non-clinical income (R&D, education and training) based on NHS London teams’ view – Modelling excludes all potential future reconfigurations and service changes ▪ Estimated change in cost as a result of changes in activity (assuming cost scales 70-80% with increase in activity and 55-65% with decrease in activity)1 Added expected PFI cost development based on DH schedules Added non-activity-related operating expenses, assuming increases with inflation Estimated opportunity to reduce cost by closing productivity gap vs. benchmark peers: – Peers selected considering Trusts’ academic/non-academic status, size and single/multi-site status where relevant – Peers with bottom quartile quality excluded (HSMR used as proxy for quality) – 2 levels of potential savings modelled: 1) Close gap vs. peer at upper quartile productivity threshold, assuming the peer reduces costs by 2% p.a. 2) Close gap vs ‘average of top 3 peers’, assuming the peers reduce cost by 2% p.a. – To avoid assuming unsustainable nursing cost reductions, we set a “floor” of 8 nurse hours per patient bed day – Set a cap of 20% reduction on the total cost base over 4 years as the maximum sustainable improvement Ensured Trusts met minimum medical resource standards for key specialties (Obstetrics and Emergency services) Inflated the cost base net of all other changes by 2.5% p.a. Estimate income changes by 14/15 Estimate cost changes by 14/15 ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Develop year-byyear forecasts Evaluate financial outlook ▪ Used Trusts’ 2011/12 plans as short term forecast and re-profiled demand management and productivity ▪ improvement of the 4-year period accordingly Modelled impact of community services component of merged acute and community Trusts (assuming 3% surplus) ▪ Assessed Trusts’ viability based on whether they achieve 1% underlying net surplus position in 2014/15 ▪ For Trusts that would achieve 1% net surplus by 2014/15 if it were not for the 20% cap, the forecast period has been extended to check if the target can be achieved given more time 1 Cost scaling assumptions modelled at level of detailed cost categories, reflecting differences in proportions of fixed and variable costs 5 There are a number of potential downsides that have not been included in this analysis and that would make Trusts’ prospects of financial viability lower Scaling Cost inflation Assumption / approach in this work Potential downside ▪ Costs scaled at 70-80% with ▪ Some Trust operating plans imply increases in activity, and 55-65% with decreases ▪ 2.5%pa cost inflation assumed on all ▪ Tariff uplift & price changes PFI & other capex SOURCE: SaFE modelling assumptions higher scaling with increases and lower / no scaling with decreases ▪ Potential higher cost inflation through cost categories (based on the average cost inflation assumed in operating plans 2011/12) An alternative scenario with additional 1%pt unfunded cost inflation has been modelled ▪ -1.5%pa price reduction per year, across both PbR and non-PbR clinical income ▪ Only includes trust’s agreed PFI and capex programmes (plus known requirements for immediate sustainability) pay drift and other cost pressures ▪ Additional price pressures from new ▪ tariff rules (e.g. emergency readmissions) Potential income caps imposed by commissioners if demand not contained ▪ Trusts with ageing estates may need major capex programmes beyond current plans 6 We have limited the potential savings that can be achieved to 20% over the 4-year period, which is at the very top end of savings seen internationally We have set an upper limit on the total cost savings that can be achieved over 4 years… …based on not having seen evidence of higher levels of cost savings sustained over a long period The ‘20% cap’ translates to: Examples of hospital cost reduction programmes % reduction in total Timecost base, CAGR frame ▪ 20% of total cost base over 4 years ▪ 5.4% annual cost reduction on total cost base ▪ 24% of variable and semi-variable costs over 4 years ▪ 6.6% annual cost reduction on variable and semi-variable costs US private hospital ~5 2-3 years Germany private hospital 4-5 4-5 years Portugal private hospital 4-5 2-3 years Germany public hospital ~4 3-4 years Sweden public hospital ~4 ~2 years The highest levels of productivity savings have only been achieved in the private sector 7 Costs to ensure minimum standards of emergency and maternity care included Emergency care ▪ Early involvement of senior doctors in assessment and management of acutely ill patients improves health outcomes ▪ Significant variation between clinical staffing levels on weekdays compared to weekends. In London’s hospitals consultant cover at weekends is only half of what it is during the week, which means that patients admitted to hospital at weekends face a significantly increased risk of death. In London, the risk is in excess of 10%, meaning that there will be more than 500 deaths per year that need not have occurred Clinicians have developed a series of minimum standards for on-call 24/7 rotas, together with appropriate 24/7 consultant cover for A&E departments and for anaesthetics Estimated cost of implementing these across the 18 Trusts: £64m (2014/15) Maternity care ▪ Royal College guidance emphasises the importance of midwives, 1:1 care during labour and increased presence of consultant obstetricians on labour wards. ▪ London's maternity services do not perform uniformly well, with unacceptable inequalities in outcomes ▪ Due to concerns about the rate of maternal deaths in the capital - 19.3 deaths per 100,000 maternity episodes in 18 months - a review commissioned by NHS London into 34 deaths showed 26 had avoidable factors, some of which may have contributed to the outcome Estimated cost impact of recommended minimum standards for appropriate staffing levels of consultant obstetricians across the 18 Trusts: £6m (2014/15) 8 Agenda 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Conclusions for Barts & the London (from Phase 1) 4 Supporting London Acute Productivity Gain 5 Discussion Points Appendix • Peer Groups • Medical Oncosts for Barts & the London 9 BARTS AND THE LONDON Forecast underlying I&E 2010/11 to 2014/15 2010/11-11/12 (Trust Operating Plans) Units: £m Income Costs 2010/11– 14/15 2010/11– 14/15 37 12 6 28 21 31 5 46 49 41 98 1 Net change of +£21m from -£2m 11/12 and +£23m 12/13 to 14/15 698 676 Other operating income1 2 0 Net impact from volume changes = +£15m Income Under- Demand Tariff 2010/11 lying manage- uplift demand ment 11 Non operating income Income 2014/15 695 Cost Impact Cost PFI 2010/11 of net inflation change in activity Net surplus 2014/15: -£7m (-1.0%)2 DN: COMMUNITY SURPLUS FIGURES 683 Other operating expenses Non- Prooper- ducating tivity expenses Impact Cost of new 2014/15 quality standards Note: All figures are nominal (i.e. the effects of inflation are included in the future years). Cost inflation is applied after the effects of net changes in activity and productivity. 1 Includes R&D, education, private patient, etc. 2 Underlying net surplus modelled under DH Control Totals adjusted for non-recurrent items. SOURCE: Trust Operating Plans 2011/12; Modelled impact of commissioning plans; Benchmark productivity targets 10 BARTS AND THE LONDON Forecast financial position 2010/11 to 2014/15 Units: £m, % Matching ’peer at top quartile threshold’ (+2% with cap) Matching ’average of top 3 peers’ (+2% with cap) Underlying net surplus (in year), 2010/11 – 14/15 5.0 2.9 0 Lines may overlap. EBITDA and net surplus shown for matching ‘peer at top quartile threshold’ (+2% with cap) Underlying net surplus % of income -2.5 -5.0 -6.5 -10.0 -15.0 2010/11 (underlying) Underlying EBITDA % of income -2.5 DN: COMM SURPLUS FIGURE -11.7 2011/12 operating plan (underlying) 2012/13 forecast 2013/14 forecast 2014/15 forecast 6.7% 7.6% 9.6% 11.2% 12.3% 0.4% -0.4% -1.7% -0.4% -1.0% SOURCE: 2011 Trust Operating Plan (Apr 2011); 2010/11 Trust draft accounts (Apr 2011); PCT Commissioning Plans (Apr 2011); Update to Monitor’s financial assumptions (April 2011). 11 BARTS AND THE LONDON Benchmark analysis on cost saving opportunities Modelled scenarios on next page Units: £m, % Required savings to achieve 1% surplus by 2014/15 Cost savings (2010/11 – 14/15) Forecast underlying net surplus (2014/15) % CAGR % £m 6.0 Matching ’peer at top quartile threshold’ (+2% no cap) Matching ’peer at top quartile threshold’ (+2% with cap) 8.4 5.4 Matching ’average of top 3 peers’ (+2% no cap) Matching ’average of top 3 peers’ (+2% with cap) 151.5 5.4 138.9 64.2 9.5 -6.5 -1.0 249.8 138.9 6.8 1.0 205.9 10.5 £m 110.5 16.3 -1.0 DN: COMM SURPLUS FIGURE -6.5 DN: COMM SURPLUS FIGURE NOTE: Benchmarks are based on current (2009/10) performance, so targets are increased 2%pt per annum to simulate the peer group continuing to improve over the period 2011/12 to 2014/15 (note that although benchmarks are based on 2009/10 performance, the 2%pt is not added for 2010/11 year because the baseline costs on which the savings are applied are 2010/11, so already includes the change for this year) SOURCE: FIMS 09/10, Annual Reports 09/10 , HES 09/10, ERIC 09/10, Trust operating plan 2011/12 (for 10/11 underlying position) 12 BARTS AND THE LONDON Benchmark cost saving opportunities Units: £m, % Cost saving opportunity (before adding 2% per year or 20% cap) Category Current operating cost 10/11 ALOS1 Matching peer at top quartile threshold (Sheffield) Matching average of top 3 peers (Norfolk, Royal Top quartile on each metric Devon, Coventry) 0 -4 -5 Medical pay 122 -5 (-4%) -32 (-26%) -15 (-12%) Nurses pay2 140 -48 (-35%) -53 (-38%) -53 (-38%) ST&T pay 55 -25 (-46%) -27 (-50%) -28 (-52%) Non-clinical pay 73 -29 (-39%) -22 (-31%) -31 (-43%) 142 -38 (-26%) -50 (-35%) -42 (-29%) 15 -7 (-48%) -7 (-45%) -6 (-43%) 148 n/a n/a n/a 695 -152 -196 -180 -22% -28% -26% -6.0% -7.9% -7.2% Clinical supplies Other variable costs3 Fixed costs4 Total5 Savings (% of total costs) Savings (4-year CAGR) 1 Bed day opportunity estimated at £150/day. Note that ALOS is assumed to stay at current rate or move to target, whichever is shorter. Impact on costs is apportioned to other cost categories in the model (Medical – 10%, Nursing – 52%, ST&T – 13%, Non-clinical – 9%, Clinical supplies – 16%) 2 Nursing WTE level capped at minimum of 8 nurse hours per occupied bed day 3 Other variable costs include catering, cleaning and laundry 4 Fixed costs include estate and establishment costs, and non-operating costs (PDC, interest, depreciation, etc.) 5 Total Trust expense used to arrive at net surplus SOURCE: FIMS 09/10, Annual Reports 09/10 , HES 09/10, ERIC 09/10, Trust operating plan 2011/12 (for 13 10/11 underlying position) BARTS AND THE LONDON Benchmark cost savings breakdown Category Trust Peer at top quartile threshold Average of top 3 peers Top quartile on each metric Metric ratio Units ALOS1 Casemix adjusted average length of stay2 Days 5.2 6.5 4.7 4.7 Medical pay Medical WTE per £1m clinical income Medical pay per medical WTE WTE £k 2.8 94.1 2.6 96.4 2.3 84.7 2.5 92.1 Nurses pay Nurse WTE per 1,000 bed days Nursing pay per nurse WTE WTE £k 9.7 36.1 8.0 27.3 5.9 36.9 6.6 32.4 ST&T pay ST&T WTE per 1,000 spells ST&T pay per ST&T WTE WTE £k 9.8 42.2 7.1 29.9 5.2 39.2 5.8 33.1 Non-clinical pay Non-clinical WTE per 1,000 bed days Non-clinical pay per non-clinical WTE WTE £k 5.3 36.8 4.0 29.0 4.1 32.8 3.9 27.6 Clinical supplies Clinical supply costs per £1,000 clinical income £ 324.9 239.2 210.9 230.3 Other variable costs Laundry cost per bed day Cleaning costs per bed day Catering costs per patient per bed day £ £ £ 6.6 26.6 13.8 18.4 5.9 2.6 15.8 7.5 3.2 16.7 6.8 Note: All figures are from 2009/10 1 Bed day opportunity estimated at £150/day. Reapportioned to other cost categories in the model (Medical – 10%, Nursing – 52%, ST&T – 13%, Non-clinical – 9%, Clinical supplies – 16%) 2 Adjusted for differences in HRG mix, specialties and elective / non-elective inpatients. Daycases excluded from analysis SOURCE: FIMS 09/10, Annual Reports 09/10 , HES 09/10, ERIC 09/10 14 Trusts were placed into four categories – Barts & the London became viable after an extended period. Categories Definition 1 At least 1% surplus achievable if (capped) Top Quartile productivity delivered 2 3 Viable if improving productivity to “top quartile peer” level Viable if improving productivity to “top 3 peer” level Become viable after an extended period (Capped) Top 3 peer productivity required to secure 1%+ surplus Significant productivity opportunity constrained by cap, meaning that longer period required to reach 1%+ surplus (or productivity performance exceeding the capped level) Barts Either: • Productivity opportunity not sufficient to deliver 1% surplus even without capping 4 Not viable under any tested scenario Or: • Significant productivity opportunity constrained by cap, but not sufficient to reach 1%+ surplus even over extended period – therefore would need immediate productivity performance exceeding the capped level 15 Agenda 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Conclusions for Barts & the London (Phase 1) 4 Supporting London Acute Productivity Gain 5 Discussion Points Appendix • Peer Groups • Medical Oncosts for Barts & the London 16 Change is necessary to secure delivery of the £1.2bn productivity opportunity. Five cross-cutting actions we want to take to embed changes Additional London-wide initiatives that could help Trusts capture savings ▪ Develop a compelling narrative explaining the need for unprecedented change in quality and operational efficiency ▪ Support one or more organisations to become a “model hospital” ▪ ▪ Establish graduated performance regime of support and incentives for Trusts, including the possibility of failure. This should link support of deficits and financing of debt to changes in operating model and productivity Drive a transformation in nursing, including: – creating targeted incentives for nurses to work in deprived areas and/or ‘failing’ Trusts; – establishing nursing banks across a network of Trusts; and – benchmarking nurse staffing mix ▪ Invest in leadership development and capability-building for Boards and clinical leaders to equip them to drive change ▪ Consolidate or outsource clinical support such as pathology ▪ ▪ Develop more detailed information for Trusts to identify the right productivity opportunities, including supporting them to use SLR/PLICs to drive use of efficiencies and require Trusts to provide and embed operational data that is sufficiently detailed to assess progress against productivity requirement London-wide support for radical action on nonclinical back office and estates ▪ Increase the leverage and scope of the London Procurement Programme, including building on existing work for improving medicines management ▪ Productivity support programme for Trusts to help Trusts build the skills of clinical and managerial leaders and share best practice, including driving the roll-out of Lean methodology 17 Agenda 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Conclusions for Barts & the London (from Phase 1) 4 Supporting London Acute Productivity Gain 5 Discussion Points Appendix • Peer Groups • Medical Oncosts for Barts & the London | 18 Discussion points • Does the Trust recognise the challenges signalled by the SaFE analysis? • What are the Trust’s productivity opportunities? • What is the Trust’s plan for maximising the productivity opportunities? • What other strategic options could be implemented beyond productivity? • On what does the Trust need help? 19 Agenda 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Conclusions for Barts & the London (from Phase 1) 4 Supporting London Acute Productivity Gain 5 Discussion Points Appendix • Peer Groups • Medical Oncosts for Barts & the London 20 Bold indicates London non-FTs Grey indicates exclusions due to bottom quartile HSMR Peer groups Ordered alphabetically Peer selection Peers selected considering trust’s: ▪ Academic/ nonacademic status ▪ Size ▪ Single/multisite status where relevant Other peer characteristics not found to have as statistically relevant impact on performance Teaching Non-teaching Included: Large Barts and The London Brighton and Sussex Bristol (FT) Cambridge (FT) Chelsea and Westminster (FT) Coventry and Warwickshire Guy's and St Thomas‘(FT) Imperial King's College (FT) Leeds Leicester Newcastle Upon Tyne (FT) Norfolk and Norwich (FT) North Staffordshire Nottingham Oxford Radcliffe Plymouth Royal Devon and Exeter (FT) Royal Free Hampstead Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen Sheffield (FT) Southampton St George's University College London (FT) Medium Small Single site Due to small number of ‘large non-teaching Trust’, Trusts in this peer group have been benchmarked against all nonteaching Trusts irrespective of size. Additional ‘large’ Trusts included: East Kent1 (FT) Gloucestershire (FT) Heart of England (FT) North Bristol Portsmouth SLHT South Tees (FT) Excluded: Pennine Acute Excluded: Birmingham (FT) Central Manchester (FT) Derby (FT) Hull and East Yorkshire 1 East Kent not included in analysis due to gaps in data Included: Frimley Park (FT) Great Western (FT) Ipswich Luton and Dunstable (FT) Medway (FT) Royal Surrey County (FT) Royal United Bath Salford Royal (FT) Salisbury (FT) South Devon Healthcare (FT) Multi site Single site South Manchester (FT) Southend (FT) St Helens and Knowsley Taunton and Somerset (FT) Whipps Cross Wirral (FT) York (FT) Excluded: Basildon and Thurrock (FT) Dudley Group (FT) Northampton General Royal Wolverhampton Included: Ashford and St Peter's Aintree (FT) Barnet and Chase Farm BHRT Blackpool, Fylde & Wyre (FT) Bradford (FT) Calderdale and Huddersfield (FT) Colchester (FT) County Durham and Darlington (FT) Epsom and St Helier Heatherwood and Wexham Park (FT) Lancashire (FT) Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells Mid Essex Services Morecambe Bay Northern Lincolnshire and Goole (FT) Northumbria (FT) NWLH Peterborough and Stamford (FT) Royal Berkshire Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch (FT) Royal Cornwall Sandwell and West Birmingham Sherwood Forest (FT) Stockport (FT) West Hertfordshire Worcestershire Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh (FT) Excluded: Buckinghamshire Doncaster and Bassetlaw (FT) East and North Hertfordshire East Lancashire East Sussex Mid Yorkshire North Cumbria North Tees and Hartlepool (FT) Shrewsbury and Telford Sunderland (FT) United Lincolnshire Western Sussex Included: Newham Northern Devon Airedale Poole (FT) Basingstoke and North Princess Alexandra Hampshire (FT) Queen Elizabeth King'sBedford Lynn Burton (FT) South Tyneside (FT) Chesterfield Royal (FT) Walsall Countess of Chester (FT) West Middlesex Croydon West Suffolk Dartford and Gravesham Weston Area Dorset County (FT) Whittington Ealing East Cheshire Excluded: Gateshead (FT) Harrogate and District Barnsley (FT) (FT) George Eliot Hereford Kettering General (FT) Hinchingbrooke Mid Cheshire (FT) Homerton (FT) North Middlesex James Paget (FT) Rotherham (FT) Kingston Royal Bolton (FT) Lewisham Surrey and Sussex Milton Keynes (FT) Tameside (FT) Yeovil District (FT) Multi site Included: Hillingdon (FT) Mid Staffordshire (FT) Trafford Warrington (FT) Winchester and Eastleigh Excluded: Scarborough South Warwickshire (FT) Southport 21 Barts Impact of new service standards in emergency services and obstetrics, 11/12 & 14/15 Emergency care services 11/12 Paediatrics Trust Barts A&E Maternity Anaesthetics General medicine General surgery Total Obstetrics Additional1 Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional consultants Cost consultants Cost consultants Cost consultants Cost consultants Cost consultants Cost £m £m £m £m £m £m (WTE) (WTE) (WTE) (WTE) (WTE) (WTE) - 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - 0.9 0.1 2.6 0.3 - - Additional Additional consultants Cost £m (WTE) 3.5 0.4 Note: For general medicine and general surgery secretarial costs are included in the cost 1 Additional consultants estimated based combination of WTE and PA analysis, assuming £110k per WTE in 11/12 Emergency care services 14/15 Paediatrics Trust Barts A&E Maternity Anaesthetics General medicine General surgery Total Obstetrics Additional1 Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional Additional consultants Cost consultants Cost consultants Cost consultants Cost consultants Cost consultants Cost £m £m £m £m £m £m (WTE) (WTE) (WTE) (WTE) (WTE) (WTE) 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.1 2.8 0.4 0.0 0.0 Additional Additional consultants Cost £m (WTE) 3.7 0.5 1 Additional consultants estimated based combination of WTE and PA analysis, assuming £121k per WTE in 14/15 Sources Numbers of consultants required based on: • Paediatrics : consultant delivered service and 24 hour EWTD compliant rota • A&E: <80,000 attendances = 10; 80,000 – 100,000 = 12; 100,000+ = 14 • Anaesthetics: 11 for each of surgery and obstetrics • General medicine and general surgery: numbers necessary to achieve 12/7 in line with AES standards Current numbers of consultants based: • Medicine and surgery, Trust reported for AES project • Other specialities, NHS Hospital and Community Health Services (HCHS) : Medical and dental staff by SHA, Organisation, Specialty and Grade, 2009 22