Transcript Global Terrestrial Network HYDROLOGY (GTN-H) Main Objectives • Make available data from existing global hydrological observation networks and enhance their value through integration • Generation.

Global Terrestrial Network
HYDROLOGY (GTN-H)
Main Objectives
• Make available data from existing global
hydrological observation networks and
enhance their value through integration
• Generation of datasets suitable for:
– Research in the areas of global and regional
climate change
– Environmental monitoring, and
– Hydrology and water resource management
GTN-H Configuration
Turning yellow/green
GTN-H Secretariat, September 2010
Products that enhance baseline or core
hydrological data and improve our
knowledge of hydrology
• Development of gridded runoff datasets
(B. Fekete/UNH)
– Ready to distribute gridded runoff and discharge
products
– Significant progress on:
• core gridded river networks at various resolutions
• co-registration of auxiliary data discharge gauges, lakes/reservoirs,
etc.
• streamlining the access to climate forcing information
• Map product on real-time hydrological data
acquistion (I. Dornblut/GRDC)
– Prototype of a scaleable and interactive map is
provided by GRDC
– Development of software till end of 2010
Hydrological Applications and Run-Off
Network (HARON)
Background
River discharge has a role in influencing the climate system, as
the freshwater inflow to the oceans alters the thermohaline
circulation, acts as an indicator for climate variability and change
as they reflect changes in precipitation and evapotranspiration,
and is also required for the calibration of global models, trend
analysis and socio-economic investigations.
Goal, Objective and Outcome
• goal is to observe and analyze surface runoff and lake storage
variations
• objective to considerably enhance in-situ hydrological
measurements supplemented with remote sensing observations
• produce integrated, comprehensive datasets that are essential for
hydrological research and effective water resources management
Products that are designed to address
specific science questions
• Reference Hydrological Datasets – pristine basins
(H. Lins, U. Looser, W. Grabs)
– 23 countries have replied positively, 22 provided
a list of river discharge stations
– Data are essential for calibration and validation
of remote sensing data and climate models, as
well as monitoring of trends and changes in the
water system
• GTN-H Networks (S. Bojinski)
– Setting of criteria for defining each of the GTNH variables and networks – successfully
completed
GTN-H
Approach to Implementation
• Demonstration Projects
– Demonstrate value of GTN-H data sets
and tools.
– Show how GTN-H data can be
integrated with other types of data
(e.g. socio-economic).
– Enhance networks and services
through demonstration projects.
• Agreed Actions
Actions for 2009-2010 period
•
Make database of “pristine” basins available at GRDC
•
Clarify progress on global soil moisture network activities
•
Send new request letter on GTN-R to non-responsive countries
•
Implement metadata software and profile at GRDC
•
Develop concept for a groundwater recharge project
•
IGRAC to work on groundwater recharge from gridded precip, GRACE
and soil moisture data
•
Flux computation using river runoff and water quality data
•
Organize expert meeting on geochemical fluxes
•
Explore contribution of GPCC to precip area of IGWCO
•
GRDC, NSIDC collaboration in glacier melt areas
•
Enhance NRT collection of lakes and reservoirs in HYDROLARE
•
GRDC to chart process how metadata standard is promoted into
other domains and ECVs
•
Encourage all GTN-H partners to register in the GEO portal
•
Define relationship of GTN-H and WIGOS
•
+ a number of Outreach and Data Integration actions
WA-08-01
Integration of In-situ and Satellite Data for
Water Cycle Monitoring
Output and deliverables:
Access to Earth observation tools for water resource management,
especially in developing countries.
GOS
GDPFS
Global monitoring of the temporal and spatial variability of the freshwater
resources.
Interoperability of observing systems.
Standardization of metadata for data sharing, and a broad global water
GTS
cycle data integration system.
Hydrological forecasts in water resource-management.
Improved global water quality monitoring for drinking and recreation.
New/better satellite techniques for water storage determination.
WA-08-01
Integration of In-situ and Satellite Data
for Water Cycle Monitoring
Main thrust areas to implement this task include:
In-situ and space observations of critical
hydrological variables;
GOS
GDPFS
Exchange of and access to data and information
based on common standards, formats and qualitycontrolled observation procedures (“interoperability”);
GTSobserving systems and
Integration of (hydrologic)
model- based data assimilation;
Modeling for forecasting and prediction using
multivariate data sets from global observations;
Development of products and delivery of services
WA-08-01
Integration of In-situ and Satellite
Data for Water Cycle Monitoring
Supporting institutions/programs and relevant
activities: IGWCO (in particular)

HARON

GOS
GTN-H

Precipitation

Soil moisture

Water Quality

Cryosphere (with GTN-H, GTN-G, CLiC)

Modeling, data assimilation (CEOS)

Capacity building
GDPFS
GTS
….
690 ETN-R stations with near real-time data provision and
transmission to the JRC (Snapshot on 18 January 2010)
800
700
600
500
400
300
555
615
687
613
676
702
690
Nov 0 9
De c 0 9
Jan 10
200
100
0
J ul 0 9
Aug 0 9
Se p 0 9
Oct 0 9
Wa te r Le ve l a nd /or d ischa rge Sta tions
ETN-R water level and/or discharge station data
collected in (near) real-time from currently 23
European providers.
After harmonisation and plausibility checking the data
is transmitted every 12 hours to the JRC as input into
the European Flood Alert system (EFAS).
Current database: Hydroweb
http://www.legos.obs-mip.fr/soa/hydrologie/hydroweb/
Lakes rivers and reservoirs level variations from satellite altimetry
150 lakes & reservoirs
Update every year
New products and new developments:
NRT products, surface variations from imagery, additionnal lakes
with RS and In-Situ data
Delivery of ECV for GCOS (Haron, Hydrolare)
Current use of Hydroweb
Lake Victoria
Download
Lake Victoria
1137
Level above Geoid (m)
1136.5
1136
1135.5
1135
1134.5
1134
1133.5
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Date (year)
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GCOS requirements
ECV for large open lakes, highly ephemeral lakes, close basin lakes
Products T1.1: maps of lakes in the Global Terrestrial Network for Lakes (GTN-L)
Gridded georef maps of 250 m spatial resolution on monthly basis for 150 lakes
With accuracy of 5% (mainly reachable from RS imagery: MODIS, Landsat etc ..)
Products T1.2: Lake levels of all lakes in the GTN-L list
10 cm of accuracy and stability on weekly/monthly basis
Time series based on radar altimetry and in-situ gauges
Products T1.3: Surface temperature of all lakes in the GTN-L list
Daily 0.2° accuracy and 0.1° stability with 1 km spatial resolution
Extended Hydroweb (SOLS), current status
Products T1.1
20 lakes surface water extent has been collected from:
ASAR, MODIS, LANDSAT, CBERS, Bathymetry maps, and SRTM
Only 4-5 images per lakes from min value to max value over historical evolution
of each lake
Calibration & comparison has been performed
Products T1.2
Radar altimetry over 150 lakes with 5 to 50 cm of accuracy depending
Of size of the lake including ~40 lakes of the GTN-L
Calibration through GPS campaign made over Caspian Sea and Issykkul
Lake, and through comparison with In-Situ data (~10 lakes)
Products T1.3
Not planed to be calculated
Selection of maps + level from altimetry => hypsometry curve (dh/dS)
=> Reconstruction of past surface variation on weekly/monthly basis through altimetry
Application of Hydrological Normals to the Rhine Basin
Development of Hydrological
Normals
Benchmark
Hydrological
Information
Predictions
Adaptation strategies
Application of Hydrological Normals to the Rhine Basin
Development of the tool and results
•
Strategy:
1. Development of the algorithm and calculation of the Normals;
2. Regionalization of the results;
3. Establish the Actual river basin status ;
RECOMMENDATIONS
Seek support by GCOS SC through:
 Expressing support to continued collaboration between GCOS and
the WMO CLW/Hydrology branch in advancing GTN-H and its
contributing networks;
 Stressing the importance of global hydrological networks, including
efficient data exchange and including adequate means of
telecommunication;
 Promoting the implementation of the HARON project;
 Reiterating the need to define, upgrade and operate a global
hydrology network (GTN-R) and strong concern over the continuing
decline of hydrological networks, especially the closure of climaterelevant stations;
 Calling upon WMO CHy to assign highest priority to address these
issues and facilitate appropriate remedial actions.
 Promote these issues at UNFCCC and COP, seeking adequate
funding
 Seek improved implementation through active contributors
THANK YOU!