Transcript Promoting public / private partnerships in France : 7 Research and Technological Innovation Networks _______ Ministry of Research Ministry of Industry Dr.Pierre-Yves MauguenPierre-yves MAUGUEN AIP - Praha - 2th.

Promoting public / private partnerships
in France :
7 Research and Technological
Innovation Networks
_______
Ministry of Research
Ministry of Industry
Dr.Pierre-Yves Mauguen
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Summary
1- General context
2- The RTIN : presentation, main features and the peer
review
3- Quantitative results : main actors, financial support,
financial additivity, SME participation
4- Policy lessons and recomandations
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Public research organisations
• Basic research oriented : CNRS, INSERM (health), INRIA (computer,
networks and communication), CNES (space), CIRAD (research for
development), Universities labs, etc.
• Fondations : Pasteur Institute (vaccines), Curie Institute (cancer), ANRS
(aids)
• Applied and technological oriented : CEA(energy, nanotech),
BRGM(geology, gas, mining), IFREMER(marine), ADEME, INERIS,etc
• Links to be improved with firms, and between research
organisations. More precisely...
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
A favorable Context : a major interest
in partnerships P/P for policy makers
• A new challenge : Law for innovation and research (1999), focused on
start-up and innovative firms created by searchers and mobility of searchers
• a report from a former CNRS Director general and High education
director (Ministry of education) and Head of R/D directorate in car and
engines (Renault)
• A mismatch between public research infrastructures and changing patterns
in firms innovation
• those partnerships had both political and parlementary support (Senate)
• sustain competitive advantages in technological domains
• association between Research ministry and industry ministry
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Other instruments are existing...
Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Network as a structuring
instrument policy for S&T
• promote a more integrated view of science and technology
than the large programs of the 90 ’s
• break technological barriers for products and services
• support behavioral changes in firms, for new R/D
investments
• insert technological innovation in markets and societal needs
in a middle or long term perspective
Foster the responsivness of PRO to industrial needs
Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
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16 networks under operation
(I)
Industry
Networks
Biotechnologies (3)


GenHomme (human genome)
Génoplante (vegetal genome)
Health technology
Information & Communication technologies (4)



Audio-visual and multimedia research and innovation : RIAM
Micro-nano technology national network : RMNT
Telecommunications research : RNRT
Software technologies research and innovation network
Environment (3)
Water and environmental technologies
Accidental maritime pollution and ecological fallouts
Earth and space
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More networks ...
Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
16 networks under operation
(II)
Industry
Networks
Energy (1)

Fuel Cells : PACO
Transportation (2)

Air and space research on supersonic aeroplane
National Program for research and innovation
in ground transportation or « PREDIT »
Building & civil engineering (2)
Civil & Urban Works
Materials & processes
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
EXAMINATION OF SEVEN RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL
INNOVATION NETWORKS (RTINs)
RNRT (telecommunications) : future of the Internet, the next generations of multimedia
mobile telephony and new communicating objects.
RMNT (Research Network for Micro- and Nano-Technologies) : main areas of research
concerning the sizing, operation, mass production and characterisation of very
small objects, which can be as small as molecules.
RIAM (Research Network for Audiovisual and Multimedia Research) : aims to provide the
audiovisual and multimedia programme industries with innovative tools stemming
from public and private research.
GenHomme : genomics and post-genomics (the purpose of genomics is to catalogue all of
an organism’s genes, and to understand their regulation, functions and interactions).
Genoplante : vegetal genomics :seeds and seed protection.
PACO : research on fuel cells.
PREDIT (the Interministerial Land Transport Research and Innovation Programme)
organises and co-ordinates public initiatives in support of research, development,
technology transfer and experimentation in the field of land transport.
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
How do a RRIT Work ?
• a steering comity (COS) is in charge of stratégic orientations, programs
definitions and operating rules ;
• the chair of COS is from industry ;
• executive board : implement the overall policies, with the help of a secretariat
• a scientific advisory board : coordinates the selection, the follow-up and
evaluations ;
• strategic orientations are translated into calls for proposals ;
• network certification procedure : under the responsability of each network;
two experts in different fields ;
• certified projects are forwarded to the ministries and special agencies ;
• mostly, « exploratory » projects are financed by Minister of research,
when« pre-competitive » projects are financed by Ministry of Industry. Ministry
of Equipment and transports is very active in three networks.
• two ways of financing : MR (financial helps with two rates 50% SME, 30%
large firms, MI (financial helps + refoundable advances)
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
A 292,24 Million € funded
by the Ministry of Research, 1998 - 2002
Environment (7,1 %)
20,65
Water and environment technologies (RITEAU)
6,22
Network accidental sea pollution and ecological fallouts (RITMER)
Space and earth
2,28
12,37
78,25
Life Sciences (26,8 %)
« GenHomme »
« Génoplante »
Health technologies (RNTS)
Alimentation References Europe (RARE)
27,26
22,51
23,0
5,48
Materials, Transportation, Energy (25,2%)
73,62
2000
2001
2000
2000
1999
2000
2001
Civil and urban works (RGC&U)
8,23
Materials and process
Fuel cells network (PACo)
National programme for research and innovation in ground transportations
(PREDIT)
Air and space research on supersonic
12,54
14,0
38,75
1999
2000
1999
..
Information technologies, computers,
telecommunications, multimedia (41%)
119,72
1996
2000
Sotfware technologies research and innovation network (RNTL)
37,11
Telecommunications research (RNRT)
Micro-nano technologies (RMNT)
Audio-visual and multimedia (RIAM)
50,35
30,56
1,70
TOTAL
Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
292,24
AIP - Praha -
2000
1998
1999
2001
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2th december 2003
Associated platforms
Created in 2001, « ...infrastructures or instruments implemented to
conceive composants assembling or systems or to experiment, to dévelop
processes, to test high technology services, in conditions near from the
markets ». They attain the number of 31 in December 2002.
Main features
• technological hub in the economy of a sector,
• infrastructure towards applications oriented use
• method of pooling technological and human ressources
• mainly of the responsability of actors involved in RRIT
• eases a convergence point of goals and interests (for searchers, for users,
for industries)
• returns to scales
Exemples : grid computing, virtual reality, bio-informatics, protein
chemistry, etc.
Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
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Intellectual property rights
• Principle : mainly of the responsability of stakeholders involved in
RRIT ’s projects : IPR issues are covered through an agrement signed
by the members of a project before its eligibility.
• some Networks have stted up special companies for IPR : for example
Genoplante
• RRIT GenHomme has established its own chart, linked with the
national one, incluing a confidentiality article and a IPR agrement
shared by the members of a project before its eligibility.
• competencies in IPR are more generally linked with the IPR bureau of
PRO participating in the projects
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
International openess and
perspectives
Firstly country specific tool : partnerships and networking are conceived on a
national basis, which means that any domiciliated foreign firm can participate
The model of Networks have nevertheless obvious links with foreign operators or
programs and searchers :
• foreign researchers in PRO, like CNRS and universities
• bilateral cooperation initiatives national level: Genoplante with Gabi (Germany)
in vegetal genomics, or Predit and « mobilitat » in transport networks
• cooperation though nodes of the networks : Grenoble Genhomme node is
paricipating to common activities with ESRF, ILL and EMBL on the structural
genomics initiative.
• RNTL (mobiles, telecom) is opening cooperation at the european level; on
software, a promising cooperation exists with Finland.
• in RITMER (marine pollutions), informations exchanges are performed with
Spain and Portugal.
• foreign and european partners may be associated in projects, or participate to
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experiments in technological platforms, insuring the financial conterweight.
Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Main caracteristics of the selected
RRIT
Fields
Stepping up science
base/mobilising
Bottum-up or top
down approach
internet
M
B/T
mobiles, comm
RMNT
Micro and nano
S/M
B
technologies
RIAM
audiovisual
S/M
B/T
and multimedia
GenHomme genomics
S/M
B/T
post-genomics
Genoplante seeds and
S and political
seeds protection
Using technolol
platforms
RNRT
PACO
fuel cells
PREDIT
land transport
Competition
level/Coop
PME
***
Comp
**
Comp/coop
*
Comp/coo
52%
**
Comp/coop
55%
T
_
35%
Coop
M and economics
b/T
_
Comp
S/M
B
*
Coop
26 %
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Trend in the financing of research via RTINs and other
competitive grants by the Technological Research Fund (FRT)
of the Ministry of research
Millions €
120
100
80
Other competitive
grants
RTINs
60
40
20
0
1998 1999
2000
2001
2002
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Research and Technological
Innovation Networks partners:
Partners are (2000 and 2001) :
• public labs in universities
• in engineering schools
• publics research organisations,
14 %
5%
34 %
• large corporations
12 %
• SME
29 %
• professional associations, regional delegations, technical
centers
5%
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Synthesis for private and public
funding,7 RTIN, 2001 et 2002
2001
Public funding
136,23
Private funding
174,78
Total amount for projects 311,01
Shared by private funding 56%
En millions €
Nombre de projets
234
2002
130,69
175,46
306,15
57%
Total 2001-2002
266,92
350,24
617,16
57%
550
784
Source : tables from each network,, Direction de la Technologie et DIGITIP
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Financial input additivity
RMNT RNRT RIAM Genoplante GenHomme PREDIT PACO
Number of certified
projects 2002
10
36
3
85
12
366
8
% private funding 2001
45
44,5
63,7
65,3
27,5
71
60
% private funding 2002
46,6
55
49,3
33
58,9
56
66,5
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Nature of firms helped though FRT
64,7 M€
in 1996
Large groups
SME (< 500 p)
Public structures, associations,
transfer centers, regions
90,65 M€
in 1999
157,9 M€
in 2001
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
First benefits from RTIN
 Help to promote large programs (genomics, nanotechnologies)
 Support an open and flexible strategy (quite opposed to planned research
programs)
 Facilitate interdisciplinary approach and use of common ressources (TICs
platforms)
 Lift barriers (horizontal rather than vertical) :
- among research institutions
- between public research and private research
 Benefit to SMEs which are compulsorily associated
But the evolution of networks meets obstacles ...
Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
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2th december 2003
Policy lessons : 1- Appropriateness
• Covers well, in some case too well : succes may bring to some more
opportunistic creation (« accidental marine pollutions network »)
• mobilises more than some pre-existing networks, towards sharper
objectives
• gives indeed stronger autonomy attributes, and help towards a
« communauty » of actors
• RRIT stay open to new stakeholders (exemple of telecom RNRT)
• foster SME involvment
• RRIT are interesting tools for internationalisation of research
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Policy lessons :
2- Own efficiency of RRIT
Observations
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
critical mass funding for some networks
lack of own ressources to foster the management
Industry chairing the SOC, but recognition and legitimacy is not still clear
light capacity to manage IPR in some networks
financial arrangements may be optimised (funding procedures and timing)
involvment of VC community
hidden costs must be better identified (private side and public side)
Lessons and suggestions
• act as steamline financing procedures
• increase own ressources for management and for steering technological
research
• create an inter-networks platform for mutual learning about common
management issues
• continue to undertake strategic studies
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Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
Policy lessons :
3- About system efficiency
Observations
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Certification of projects is not a complete garanty for Ministeries,
financial support has allowed an incresing number of SME in projects
economic sustainability of new science based firms is still unsatisfying
adaptation of strategic change of R/D in firms
How and should regions be more involved ?
position of networks in PRO and universities has to be integrated more
international linkages may be fostered
Lessons and suggestions
• promote RRIT beyond the research community and boarders
• help to create new interdisciplinary posts to hire young researchers,
especially in small firms
• foster participation in international networks
• improve consistancy in research orientation with european programs (FP and
Eureka)
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• reinforce foresight in key aereas
Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003
For more information :
www.recherche.gouv.fr
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more web sites...
Pierre-yves MAUGUEN
AIP - Praha -
2th december 2003