Transcript Home Networks in a World of Embedded Web Services David E. Culler [email protected] [email protected] KES 2006 10-19-2006

Home Networks in a World of
Embedded Web Services
David E. Culler
[email protected]
[email protected]
KES 2006
10-19-2006
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The Web – Integrates the World’s
Information
Sports
Shopping
Science
Weather
Maps
NEWS
Financial
Technology
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Clocks and Calendars
Exercise Units
Video Game Consoles
Entertainment System
Baby Monitor (Elder care)
Digital Health Devices
Smart Appliances
Smoke, Fire, CO, Radon
Water Usage, Temp., Quality
Heating, AC, and Ventilation
Gas and Electric Usage
Security and Access Control
Most Real World Information goes
“down the drain”
Real-World Wireless Web –
integrating real-world information
Embedded
Sensing
Processing
Communication
Web
Integration
Technologies
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Example
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Outline
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Introducing - Real-World Wireless Web
Enabling Technology
Embedded Web Services
Awareness – monitoring and metering
Prognostics - instrumentation
Care – observing interactions
Conclusions
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Enabling Technology
Microcontroller
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Flash
Storage
Radio
Communication
IEEE 802.15.4
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Sensors
Enabling Technology
Physical
World
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Emergence of Open Platforms
Proprietary WSN nodes
Silicon
World
Wireless
Berkeley open
WSN “motes”
Processing
Storage
Physical
World
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Sensors
Emergence of Open Systems
Digital
World
Silicon
World
WSN mote platform
Wireless
Processing
Storage
Sensors
Physical
World
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Snapshot of an International Community
346,000+ downloads from
tinyos.net
-plus sourceforge,
crossbow, moteiv,
www.tinyos.or.kr, …
Open TinyOS Alliance
http://www.tinyos.net
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Wireless Embedded Systems
TinyOS 2.0
Over-the-air
Programming
Network
Protocols
Link
Radio
Serial
Applications and Services
Blocks,
Logs, Files
Flash
Scheduling,
Management
Streaming
drivers
MCU, Timers,
Bus,…
ADC,
Sensor I/F
WSN mote platform
Wireless
BEARS
Storage
Processing
Communication Centric
Resource-Constrained
Event-driven Execution
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Sensors
Wireless Embedded Networks
Over-the-air
Programming
Network
Protocols
Digital
World
Silicon
World
Link
Radio
Serial
Applications and Services
Blocks,
Logs, Files
Flash
Scheduling,
Management
Streaming
drivers
MCU, Timers,
Bus,…
ADC,
Sensor I/F
WSN mote platform
Wireless
Storage
Processing
Physical
World
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Sensors
Multi-Hop Mesh Routing
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
0
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Confluence of Technology
Embedded Networking
Tiny Operating System
Microcontroller SOCs
CMOS Radios
Integrated Sensors
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Wireless Sensor Networks
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•
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Network of tiny footprint computers
Optimized for long life on low power
Equipped to sense physical data
Networked using low-power radio
• Function:
Internet or
Enterprise
Gateway
Gateway
Wireless Sensor Nodes
– Sense any measurable parameter
• Light, motion, chemicals, proximity, biometrics
– Form network and communicate
• Automatic meshing and routing over the air
– Apply user-defined business logic
•
Sampling, summarizing, reporting events
Sensors
• Form:
Battery/
Power
– Mote (Processor, Radio, Storage) + Sensors
– Embedded Operating System and Networking
– Gateways towards Enterprise IT systems
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Mote:
Microcontroller
Storage
Enclosure Radio
Clock
Enabling Technology: Web Services
• The ultimate interoperability
• unify within and between Information
Systems
– Service Oriented Architecture
– Widely adopted standards
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•
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Backed by OASIS and W3C
Open-source reference implementations, e.g., Apache
SOAP + WSDL (+ UDDI)
Or XML-RPC over HTTP (REST)
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Service Oriented Architecture
Service
Registry
Service
Description
find
Service
Requestor
publish
bind
Service
Provider
• Service Description => interface & implementation
– Operations supported, input/output objects
– Bindings to network and data encoding schemes
– Network address where service can be invoked
• Enough that client can generate code to access the service well
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Embedded Web Services
Web Services
< get temp …
set sample_rate
set alarm … >
<request www.weather.com
service>
Service
Description
<value>
<value>
source=library
source=library
time=12:53
time=12:31
temp=26.7
temp=25.1
<\value>
<\value>
XML information
Wireless Packets
Sampled Value
int temp;
802.15.4
11 010110111
010010001
010010001
Low resolution Sensor, Test4, Increasing frequency
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Physical Signal
Acceleration (g)
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Time (sec)
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A new WSN world
client
tier1
AquaLogic
server
tier2
Perl
tier3
SensorNet
GW/Proxy
Python
physical info net
tier4
NetWeaver
C#
SensorNet
mote
Embedded Services
Excel
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Sensor
Real World Webs
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Why are WSNs so Important?
Save Resources
Improve Productivity
Enable New Knowledge
Increase
Comfort
Enhance Safety & Security
Preventing Failures
High-Confidence Transport
Improve Food & H20
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Protect Health
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Awareness – Monitoring and
Metering
• Monitoring Spaces
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–
–
–
Env. Monitoring, Conservation biology, ...
Precision agriculture, greenhouses,…
Home and building comfort & efficiency, HVAC,…
alarms, security, surveillance, EPA, OSHA, …
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Prognostics - instrumentation
• Monitoring Spaces
–
–
–
–
Env. Monitoring, Conservation biology, ...
Precision agriculture, greenhouses,…
Home and building comfort & efficiency, HVAC,…
alarms, security, surveillance, EPA, OSHA, …
• Monitoring Things
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–
–
–
–
condition-based maintenance
automated meter reading
Energy efficiency, cold chain
disaster management
Civil infrastructure
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Interactions and Care
• Monitoring Spaces
–
–
–
–
Env. Monitoring, Conservation biology, ...
Precision agriculture, greenhouses,…
Home and building comfort & efficiency, HVAC,…
alarms, security, surveillance, EPA, OSHA, …
• Monitoring Things
–
–
–
–
–
condition-based maintenance
automated meter reading
Energy efficiency, cold chain
disaster management
Civil infrastructure
• Interactions of Space and Things
– manufacturing, asset tracking, fleet & franchise
– Cold-chain, shipping integrity, hazmat
– Assistance - home/elder care
• Action and control
– Optimizing processes
– Automation
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Proximity, Tracking, Compliance
Safety:
Chemical-to-chemical
safety alerts
Human-to-chemical
safety alerts
Prox. TrackingIndustrial:
Medical
Agriculture
HLS
…
Shipping QoS:
Vibration threshold
Temp/humidity threshold
BEARS
Asset mgmt
CBM
Process control
Energy mgmt
environmental
Home:
Lighting
HVAC
accessCurrent Conditions:
Building:
Security
HVAC
In Motion, No Magnetic Fields, 67°
AMR
•
Humidity Range: 30-35%
Lighting
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Temp. Range: 55 ° - 78 °
Access control
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Care – awareness of life
dynamics and health
Embedded
Sensing
Processing
Communication
Web
Integration
Technologies
UN 2001 report
40.00%
35.00%
% of population over 65
30.00%
China
India
25.00%
Japan
Europe
20.00%
Italy
Germany
15.00%
Sweden
U.S.A.
10.00%
5.00%
0.00%
1950
2000
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Year
2050
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How will WSNs and IP come
together?
XML / RPC / REST / SOAP / OSGI
HTTP / FTP / SNMP
TCP / UDP
IP
Ethernet
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Sonet
802.11
802.15.4, CC, …
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Full IP stack throughout
XML / RPC / REST / SOAP / OSGI
HTTP / FTP / SNMP
TCP / UDP
IP
Ethernet
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Sonet
802.11
802.15.4, CC, …
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XML / RPC / REST / SOAP / OSGI
HTTP / FTP / SNMP
TCP / UDP
IP
Ethernet
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Sonet
802.11
Proxy / Gateway
Edge Network Approach
802.15.4, CC, …
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SensorNets need the Wisdom
of the “Internet Architecture”
• Design for change!
• Network protocols must work over a wide variety of links
– Links will evolve
• Network protocols must work for a variety of applications
– Applications will evolve
• Provide only simple primitives
– Don’t confuse the networking standard with a programming
methodology
• Don’t try to lock-in your advantage in the spec
• Open process
• Rough consensus AND running code
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Arch Rock Technology
• Connecting the physical world to the
information enterprise
• Applications on “Real-World” Web
Services
tier1
– Java, .net, php, …
• IP-based Service Oriented Architecture
Server
tier2
– App, mgmt, conversion, persistence, data
– WiFi, GPRS
internet
tier3
• Embedded Application Services
– Extensible attributes & events
• Embedded Network Services
– IEEE 802.15.4-based
SensorNet
Server
embedded net
tier4
Mote
• Cross-platform industrial-quality
WSN operating system
Sensor
– TinyOS 2.0
Physical World
– Broad platform and sensor choice
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Arch Rock Technology
• Connecting the
physical world to the
information enterprise
tier1
Client
Server
tier2
• Solid Foundation
internet
• Novel information in
familiar forms
tier3
SensorNet
Server
embedded net
tier4
Mote
Sensor
Physical World
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Arch Rock Primer Pack
Foundation  Enablement  Knowledge
What is it?
A complete, web-enabled wireless sensor
network application platform that includes:
– Gateway Server appliance that projects the
Sensor Network to the IP world via Web
Services
– Sensor Nodes with hardened TinyOS 2
embedded system, mesh networking and
services
– Web-based management console for
commissioning, system diagnostics and data
management
– Sensor extensibility with no system
programming via the Expansion Ports and
preinstalled sensor drivers
– A comprehensive set of Web Services for
industry-standard integrated development
environments
– IP-based sensor node management,
addressing, naming and browsing
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The Next Tier
• Today: we can connect
essentially everybody
Comp:People
1:1,000,000
Mainframe
1:1,000
Mini
Workstation
PC
1:1
Laptop
PDA
Phone
1000:1
years
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Motes
• Tomorrow: we will be
able to connect and
observe essentially
everything of value
– physical spaces, objects,
and their interactions
– physical information, not
just keystrokes
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