David Fiedeldey Michael Badaracca Peter Brehm Micahl Keltner Tenzin Choephak

POWER BLOCKS

Michael Badaracca

Project Overview Purpose

• Reduce phantom loads

Project Elements

• Power strip turns off selected outlets when you are not home • Power Strip • Base Station • Home Presence Sensors David Fiedeldey

Fallback Functionality

• Power strip: • Primary block of 4 outlets plus a modular block of 2 outlets controllable from base station. • Current measurements are recorded, processed, and sent back to a base station wirelessly.

◦ Base station:  Working LCD interface capable of controlling individual outlets wirelessly.

 Reports basic power consumption information. ◦ Sensors:  Physical connection between sensors and base station. David Fiedeldey

Expected Functionality

◦ Power strip:  Add a second modular block of 2 outlets with added variable voltage functionality.

◦ Base station:  Long term power usage statistics available to users in an improved LCD interface. Potentially presenting data in graphical form as well.

◦ Sensors:  Wireless connection between sensors and base station.

David Fiedeldey

Advanced Functionality

◦ Power strip:  Up to 12 total outlets (4 modular blocks max.) including a variable voltage block.

 A “sync” button to give visual confirmation of wireless connectivity.

 Seven-segment display on the strip that shows present power consumption.

◦ Base station:  Internet connectivity with a web interface for controlling the strip.  Alternatively a smartphone app. ◦ Sensors:  Multiple sets of motion and photo sensors communicating with the base station.

David Fiedeldey

Milestone 1

◦ Power strip: Wirelessly receive outlet enable commands for the primary block on the strip (no modular blocks) ◦ Base station: Wirelessly send outlet enable commands to the primary block on the strip. User interface will involve LEDs and buttons. Receives input from hardwired sensors and turns LEDs on/off ◦ Sensors: Hardwire deadbolt and motion/light sensors to base station. David Fiedeldey

Milestone 2

◦ Power strip: Incorporate a removable, modular power block. Process and send current data ◦ Base station: LCD interface with working software menu and buttons. Wirelessly receive sensor data and interpret it into commands to power strip.

◦ Sensors: Wireless deadbolt and motion/light sensors David Fiedeldey

Expo

◦ Power strip: Multiple modular blocks. A dimmer modular block. Wireless sync function ◦ Base station: User can input preferences and schedule for HPS algorithm. Receives data from multiple motion/light sensors ◦ Sensors: Multiple wireless deadbolt and motion/light sensors David Fiedeldey

Current Budget

Part Quantity Needed Price Relays Current Sensors 12 12 Dimmers 2 Light/Motion Sensors 2 MSP430’s Xbee’s Linx TRM433 2 2 3 LCD General PCB’s Demo Materials Shipping 1 X X X X 2.64

2.91

16 25 20 10 17.5

50 100 250 250 50 David Fiedeldey Total 961.1

Updated Division of Labor

Peter • Hardware: Power Supplies, Base Station PCB • Software: LCD Driver, Xbee Driver, External Memory Interface Mike K.

• Hardware: Strip Sensor, Strip Power, Strip PCB, HPS Sensors, Enclosures • Software: HPS Lookup Table, Current Data Processing Mike B.

• Hardware: Home Presence Sensors, Xbee, Linx TRM433, Enclosures • Software: Linx driver, HPS Lookup Table, Sensor/Button Interrupts David • Hardware: Power Supplies, Strip PCB, IO Expander • Software: Base Station Interface, IO Expander Tenzin • Hardware: Xbee, Linx TRM433, Base Station PCB • Software: LCD Driver, Xbee driver David Fiedeldey

Gant Schedule/Desired Timeline

David Fiedeldey

Home Presence Sensing

Michael Badaracca

Home Presence Sensing Overview

HPS detects if a house is occupied or not User configurable algorithm Minimal user interaction after setup Sensors can be easily installed in any home Michael Badaracca

Wireless Components

Transceiver Transcoder    Small: 0.619”x0.630”x0.125” Low Power: 2.1 V Min Simple – CPCA modulation    Small – 0.309” x 0.284”x0.125” Low Power: 2 V Min Simple – 8 GPIO pins allow easy interfacing with processor Michael Badaracca

General Sensor Circuit

Michael Badaracca

Deadbolt Sensor

- Detects if deadbolt is locked - Easy installation into doors - Replaceable 3V battery - LED indicator Michael Badaracca

Motion Sensor/Light

- Detects human motion (PIR) - Detects light above or below threshold - Replaceable 3V battery - LED indicator s ZEPIR0AAS01SBCG Michael Badaracca

Home Presence Sensing Algorithm

Michael Badaracca

Base Station/Software

Michael Badaracca

Base Station: Level Zero

MSP430F169 Requires 5v DC Multiple 3.3v Output Integrated UART 5v DC Power Buttons Linx Timer X-Bee (Data) MSP430F169 Peter Brehm LCD (SPI) X-Bee (Commands)

User Interface

LCD • Crystalfontz CFA-634 • 120 x 32 pixel resolution • Requires 5v DC • Communicates using SPI • MSP430 is the master and LCD is the slave.

Buttons • Number pad, Select, up/down, and Back • Text Based Navigation of the Menu Peter Brehm

Peter Brehm

The Menu Screen

Base Station Software/Interrupts

   ◦ Main function drives the LCD Interrupts ◦ ◦ ◦    1 st Timer Timer Register Overflow increments global timer variable to keep track of the schedule and the time.

2 nd 3 rd Buttons Directly hardwired to I/O pins on the MSP430  4 th Linx Communication Sensor input X-Bee communication Data from the strip After each interrupt the Base Station will check the state table, and if necessary send commands to the strip.

Peter Brehm

Trends, Profiles and Memory

 Power readings of each outlet are saved and averaged every fifteen minutes.

 Plotted for the power consumption trends option.

 ◦ Additional external memory chip EEPROM   Non Volatile Memory Past Power Consumption Data Peter Brehm

Strip Software Functionality

     Regular interval timer interrupt Checks ADCs from all outlets Converts the Signal to packet form Sends data to the Base station via X-Bee Repeat 120 v AC Power Current Sensors Timer X-Bee (Commands) MSP430F169 Relay Control X-Bee (Data) Peter Brehm

Strip Interrupts

 ◦ ◦ 1st Commands from the Base Station Output Multiplier Control individual outlet relays  ◦ 2 nd Timer Flag Registers To accurately keep track of regular intervals Peter Brehm

Micahl Keltner

Power Strip

Micahl Keltner Major Features • Processor (MSP430) • 4 Outlets • 4 Current Meters Inputs • XBee/MSP430 Base Station • Wall 120VAC • Comm. Override Outputs • 4x Current Sensor Vout • 120V AC x4 On/Off

Micahl Keltner

Micahl Keltner Dimmer Operation •Chops up the sine wave, twice per cycle, off/on 120times a second •The variable resistance controls gate voltage, determines duty cycle for off. •Inductor and C1 act as a filter, storing charge , reducing the “buzzing” effect

Micahl Keltner Total Lines – N Outlets •120VAC +/-, Earth GND, GND, 5VDC, Short, NxVsensor, NxCOM, Res. Line (6+2N total)

Clock •SCL – Baud rate to match data bus Data Bus •SDA – Byte segments; sets a read/write operation, device address, etc Order of Operations •Determine a write or read (8 bits) •What port being written/read (8 bits) •Data sent or received (8 bits) Micahl Keltner

0,25 0,2 0,15 0,1 0,05 0 2,5 Vout vs I load 0,126 0,083 0,041 0,214 0,171 0 2,51 2,52 2,53 y = 10,918x - 27,337 Vout vs I 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 0 Measured Power %Error 0,1 0,2 % Error Measured vs. Real 0,3 y = -14,615x + 3,3249 Ряд1 Линейная (Ряд1) Allegro Microsystems • 10A Range Sensing • 1250V Isolation • Linear Behavior

Micahl Keltner

Communications

Tenzin Choephak

XBee wireless interface

Tenzin Choephak

Data collected/computed Current

• Current meter will relay current data to the on board msp430 for display.

Average Current

• Average current usage over hour, day and month.

Power consumption

• Average power consumption reading for hour, day and month.

Tenzin Choephak

UART Data Packet/Encoding

 Command packets from base station to strip  Strip data packets from strip to base station  24 bit Data packet will consist of three 8 bit sub packets  Packets are encoded depending on if it’s a command packet or strip data packets Tenzin Choephak

Data Packet/encoding cont

 16 bit example packet from base station to strip: Strip ID (4) Outlet ID (7) Cmd ID (4) Other (2) Ack & Checksum (2-3)  24 24 bit data packet from strip to base station example: Strip ID (4) Block ID (4) Data (14) Ack & Checksum (2) 24 Tenzin Choephak

Tenzin Choephak

Schematic

Conclusion

 ◦ ◦ ◦ Few challenges XBee too big for deadbolt sensor Not enough I/O on board for strip May not have enough on board memory  ◦ ◦ ◦ State of Progress Have simple initial test design working with button on dev board controlling the relays XBees settings programmed and tested working Begun programming the MSP430 Tenzin Choephak

Demo/Question?

 Display deadbolt sensor controlling a relay through the MSP430 Tenzin Choephak