Transcript Titration Notes, part I Neutralization Reactions Neutralization A reaction in which an acid and a base in aqueous solution produces a salt and water.

Titration Notes, part I
Neutralization Reactions
Neutralization
A reaction in which an acid and a
base in aqueous solution
produces a salt and water.
What is a salt?
An ionic compound made from
the cation of a base and the
anion of an acid.
Neutralization Reactions
NaOH + HCl a
KOH + H2SO4 a
Lithium hydroxide neutralizes
nitric acid
Phosphoric acid neutralizes
calcium hydroxide
Titration Reactions
You can use a neutralization
reaction to determine the
concentration of an acid (or
base) solution…
…using stoichiometry!!!
Indicators
In order to do so, you need an
indicator—a dye that changes
colors at different pH
In most titrations,
phenolphthalein is used,
because it turns from colorless
to bright pink as a solution goes
from acidic to basic.
How Do You Titrate?
1) A measured amount of acid
solution of unknown
concentration is added to a
flask.
2) Indicator is added to the acid.
3) Measured volumes of a base
of known concentration are
added until the indicator
barely changes color.
Titration Terms
A buret is the device that
we use for measuring
volumes in a titration.
Titration Terms
The standard solution is the
solution of known concentration
added in step #3.
Titration Terms
The endpoint is the point at
which the indicator changes
color.
The Mathematics of Titration
Don’t forget, the big M that
stands for molarity is the same
thing as moles/Liter!
Practice Problem #1
A 25mL solution of H2SO4 is
neutralized by 18mL of 1.1M
NaOH. What is the molarity of
the H2SO4?
Practice Problem #2
A 19.0mL solution of H3PO4 is
neutralized by 22.7mL of 2.3M
Ca(OH)2. What is the molarity of
the H3PO4?
Practice Problem #3
How much 1.3M HCl is needed to
neutralize 39.6mL of 2.1M
NaOH?
Practice Problem #4
How much 2.9M NaOH would be
needed to neutralize 42.7mL of
3.1M H2SO4?