Transcript Brief Overview of ISOC and Our Multi-Year African Interconnection and Traffic Exchange Programme Michuki Mwangi, Sr.

Brief Overview of ISOC and
Our Multi-Year African Interconnection and
Traffic Exchange Programme
Michuki Mwangi, Sr. Development Manager – Africa
August 2011
The Internet Society
Introduction to the Internet Society
• Founded in 1992 by early Internet pioneers to advance
the Internet for the benefit of all people throughout the
world.
• Vint Cerf, one of the “founding fathers” of the Internet and the
Internet Society, remains active in our work.
• International non-profit organization
• 80+ local chapters worldwide, 20+ in Africa
• 50 staff located around the world, Regional Bureaus
• 100+ organisational members and 44,000 individual
members
• Internationally recognized, operationally stable,
financially sound
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Cont’d …
• 20 years of leadership at the intersection of
Internet technology, development, and public policy
• Organisational home of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), which sets global Internet
standards
• IPv4/IPv6, MPLS, BGP, NAT, DNS, etc.
• Trusted reputation as neutral and unbiased
advocates for the Internet
• Broad engagement across stakeholders including industry,
government, universities, and civil society
• Expert contributors to the World Economic Forum, United
Nations bodies, Internet Governance Forum (IGF), OECD,
etc.
• Access to an international network of experts
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ISOC: Supporting Internet Growth in Africa
• Committed to African Internet Development and
Capacity Building since our inception
• Earliest Internet connections in Africa established by ISOC
members and workshop trainees
• Advancing the African Internet
•
•
•
•
Technical Training Workshops: 15-20 p.a.
African Regional Internet Events: 4-5 p.a.
African Interconnection and Traffic Exchange Programme
“Next Generation” Leadership Development
• Broad Reach, Key Influencers
• Ministers, regulators, network operators, IXP managers, and
university professors among our members, trainees
• Key African Partnerships and Collaborations:
• AfNOG, AfriNIC, and AfTLD, among others.
• MoUs with UNECA and African Union
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ISOC’s Current African Chapters, Staff Locations
In addition, our network of
African experts, volunteers, and
local contacts extends to nearly
every country on the continent.
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ISOC Key Activities
REGIONAL
INTERNET
DEVELOPMENT
TRUST AND
IDENTITY
FUTURE OF THE
INTERNET
NEXT GENERATION
LEADERS
ENABLING ACCESS
OPEN INTERNETWORKING
EA-IGF 2011, Kigali, Rwanda
Overview of ISOC’s African Interconnection and
Traffic Exchange Programme
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7.7 Pacific
Isl.
205
Middle
East
The Data:
Developed vs. Emerging Economies
592.6
Latin
America
& Caribbean
1115.2
• Population in Emerging
Economies over 4 times
larger than Developed World.
Rest of
Developing
Asia
1,000
• Emerging Economies circa
21% Internet Penetration vs.
Developed circa 75%.
Afric
a
5424 Million Pop.
27 Aus/NZ
1173
5
127.4
India
1330.1
JPN
73
KOR
Chin
a
Europe
Current
<= Internet =>
Users
HNK
7.1TWN
IS
3.9
R
7.3
North America
311.4
733
21%
1100 Mil.
SNG
1295 Million Pop.
75%
909 Mil.
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Sources: IMF, Internet World Stats, Wikipedia, Forbes
• Yet Emerging Economies
have already surpassed
Developed Economies in
terms of number of “Internet
Users”…
• .. And growing: Many
Emerging Economies
experiencing double and
triple digit access growth
rates p.a.
• Emerging economies
experiencing fastest GDP
growth, positive
Emerging Regions Experiencing Fastest % Traffic Growth
Global IP Traffic Projections (Source: Cisco)
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
CAGR 09-14
Points of Note:
• IP traffic is growing fastest in Latin America (51% CAGR), followed closely by the Middle East and Africa (46%
CAGR).
• The Middle East and Africa projected to have strongest mobile data traffic growth of any region at 133% CAGR,
followed by Latin America at 111%.
• IP traffic in Asia Pacific expected to reach 17 exabytes per month by 2014 and already surpassed Western Europe.
• Business IP traffic expected to grow fastest in the Middle East and Africa, at a CAGR of 30 percent, a
faster pace than the global projected average of 21 percent.
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(Source: Cisco)
Overview of Africa
…Over 1 Bil. Continental Population
A Massive Geography…
Johannesburg, SA
Lagos, Nigeria
Cairo, Egypt
Nairobi, Kenya
…GDP
Growth is
Outpacing
Asia
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There are more
middle income
households in
Africa than there
are in India. (KPMG)
Africa’s Submarine Fibre Capacity Boom
• Expected 25.8 Tbps of
Submarine Cable around Africa
by 2012.
• Between 2009 and mid- 2010,
East Africa went from 0
undersea fibre capacity to over
6 Tbps.
• In East Africa prices dropped
from $2k – $12k USD per Mbps
(satellite) to $600 - $150 USD.
• Round Trip Times dropped
from circa 800ms to circa
200ms
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Africa local traffic growth statistics
Source: www.pch.net
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Source: www.pch.net
ISOC’s African Interconnection and Traffic Exchange (ITE)
Programme
• What’s this ultimately about?: Fostering a ubiquitous, reliable,
and sustainable Internet in Africa that will propel the continent's
aspirations in economic and social development.
• An Africa that’s not just an “Internet Consumer” but an
“Internet Creator,” on par with the rest of the world.
• A robust, efficient, and cost-effective interconnection and traffic
exchange landscape in Africa is required to achieve it.
• Fostering this environment, in conjunction with partners, is our
ITE programme goal.
• Multi-year commitment, Multi-issue project
• IXP development and capacity building is a key component
• But many factors impact their success!
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“Overnight” Game-Changing Knock on Effects…
• Shifted economic equation overnight.
Highlighted domestic backhaul and lastmile cost sticking points.
• e.g. Jo’burg to Cape Town more costly than
Cape Town to London, same for Dar to Arusha.
• Also increased focus on cross-border issues
• Shift in Internet use to more dataintensive Internet consumption (Video,
P2P, etc.)
• Big impact on network planning, bandwidth
management issues.
•
Lack of adequate hosting infrastructures
i.e Data Centers/Collocation Services
• Expensive carrier specific DCs
• Only South Africa has carrier Neutral DCs
• Fibre-connected countries now much more attractive targets
for unwanted traffic/Botnets etc. w/ little skills to cope.
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The Regional Interconnection Challenge
Despite the growth in regional submarine and terrestrial
cables – routing policies follow the satellite topology
For instance traffic from Rwanda a landlocked country in East Africa to
Nairobi, Kenya goes via London despite the fact that the Submarine
cable transit points are in Port city of Mombasa in Kenya
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From Rwanda to Nairobi – via London
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Emerging Regional Interconnection “Hot Spots”
Senegal+West Africa
• Senegal: Pace-setter for
Francophone sub-Saharan
West Africa.
Cairo/Egypt
• Large Population
• Undersea Cable Crossroads
• “Analogue” Content Industries
• Tec and biz skill sets
Kenya+East Africa
Nigeria+West Africa
• Nigeria: Large Population
150m – 30% w/ Access
• Rocketing GDP Growth
• Nollywood – 2nd largest
film/TV producer (Content!)
South Africa
• Most advanced economy
• Science/Tech Investment
• Good urban power supply
• (domestic policy
significant
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Kigali, Rwanda
drawback, however )
• Multiple Cable Landings
• Regional Econ. Integration
• Positive Govn’t Regs/Pols
• Budding software and
services industry
A Multifaceted Approach,
Aimed at Advancing the African ITE Landscape
Policy
Engagement
International
Connectivity
Issues
• Addressing multiple
aspects of the issue
Capacity
Building
• Targeting Local, Regional,
and International factors
• Leveraging internal
expertise and partnerships
New IXPs &
Improving
Existing IXPs
Communities
of Practice
Regional
Connectivity
Opportunities
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•Multi-year commitment
Recent ITE Programme Activities, Achievements
Article on Africa and ISOC’s IXP activities in HOTLINX, 2009
-- New IXPs (Launched)
-- IXP Start-up Assistance
IXP Training and Set up with ISOC Chapter, Sierra Lenone, 2009
-- IXP Improvement
Assistance/Training
-- Regional IXP and
Interconnection
Meetings
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Routing and IX Training in Preparation for Mombasa IXP, 2009
African Peering and Interconnection Forum
• AfPIF is an avenue for Internet Service Providers, content
providers, governments and education networks to explore
interconnection and peering opportunities in the region
• The forum further offers opportunities to exchange ideas and learn
more about the global trends on interconnection
• Building an active online presence through the afpif portal
www.afpif.org and the afpif mailing list
• Inaugural AfPIF event held in Aug 2010, Nairobi – Kenya
• 80 participants from 20 countries including Europe, America and
Asia
• AfPIF-2 held in Aug 2011, Accra, Ghana
• 100 participants from 27 countries including Europe, America,
Asia and Latin America
Capacity Building, Information Exchange, Policy Discussions, Networking, and More!
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Building the African Business Case…
• Presenting Africa to potential international
peers, content providers, exchange points as a
growing market of 1 Billion+
• European Peering Forum, Euro-IX
• Google, Akamai, Yahoo, etc.
• European IXPs
• Exposing Africa’s “Invisible Eyeballs”
• Bringing key players down to Africa
• Promote understanding
• Facilitate networking
• Lots of interest generated!
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Advancing the Value and Viability of IXPs in Africa
• 24 IXPs in Africa
Level 4
Thriving, Critical Infrastructure
• Not all at the same level
of development!
• Most current IXPs only
between “Level 1 and 2”
• We aim to move African
IXPs “Up the Curve!”
Level 3
Catalysing Growth
Level 2
Core Functionality
Level 1
“Boxes and Wires”
Level “0”
No IXP
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Key Elements of ISOC’s Approach
• “80% Social Engineering, 20%
Technical Engineering”
• Promoting understanding of the
interconnection “Value Proposition” for
operators and government
• No WIIFY, No Change
• The best world-class knowledge and
practices
• Africa pays too much because of
information asymmetry with the rest of
the world.
• Engaging a range of stakeholders
and hidden “bit drivers”
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Peering measurements Challenge in Africa
• It remains fairly difficult to analyze peering data Africa
• Only 2 IXPs collect and archive bgp data i.e KIXP and JINX
through the Routeviews project
• Few Networks from the African region are listed on the
PeerindDB
• Ongoing discussions to develop a regional route-views
project to provide peering data from IXPs in the region
• Current phase is scoping the project
• Please email the features you would like to see to
[email protected]
• Project nickname is “ARP” – suggestions are welcome
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Progress Markers
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Visible Changes
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KIXP ASN - July 2010
Distribution Based on Origin Country
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KIXP ASN – Jan 2011
Distribution based on Origin Country
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Traffic from Rwanda to Nairobi – Some
improvements…
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2011 - 2012 Planned ITE Programme Activities
• AfPIF-3 Meeting: August, 2012 – Southern Africa Region
• Also AfPIF Tutorials in conjunction with AfNOG/AfriNIC May 2012 Meeting (Gambia)
• Baseline Studies and Requested Engagement
• African Interconnection “Baseline” Study and Data Collection (Quants Focus)
• African Cross-border Interconnection Policies and Regulatory
• UNECA Workshop, AUC HIPSSA, RECs
• Web-Based Portal to Sustain Capacity Building and Information Sharing
• Training materials, information resources, data on the status of African interconnectivity, promoting
stories of African successes. (Beta launch aimed for late 2011 – afpif.org)
• Africa IX “Best Practice Guide” (WGLL) and New Capacity Building Materials
• Continued Local Engagement on IXP Development and Improvement
• Planned: Tunisia, Malawi, Togo, Lesotho, Mozambique, Senegal and Sierra Leone
• Promoting International Collaborations
• Euro-IX, Latin American/Caribbean and African Information Exchange
• Africa Route-views Program (ARP)
• Prototype in 2011 at KIXP
• Rollout to interested IXPs in 2012
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Opportunities for Partnership and Collaboration?
Thank you! For further information please contact:
Karen Rose, Director of Strategic Development: [email protected]
Michuki Mwangi, Sr. Development Manager - Africa: [email protected]
Chris Morris, Sr. Development Strategy Manager: [email protected]
Dawit Bekele, African Regional Bureau Manager: [email protected]
http://www.isoc.org
EA-IGF 2011, Kigali, Rwanda