Transcript Common Alerting Protocol in the U.S. National Weather Service WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION WMO INFORMATION SYSTEM (WIS) Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) Implementation Workshop Geneva, Switzerland, 6-7 April.

Common Alerting Protocol in the U.S.
National Weather Service
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
WMO INFORMATION SYSTEM (WIS)
Common Alerting Protocol (CAP)
Implementation Workshop
Geneva, Switzerland, 6-7 April 2011
Herb White
NOAA National Weather Service
Silver Spring, Maryland
USA
Presentation Outline
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Vision
Alerting authorities
Progress to date
Roadmap
Future
Questions and Discussion
The nation’s alert and warning system continues
to evolve from over forty years ago
The Emergency
Broadcasting System (EBS)
was initiated to allow the
President to address the
nation through audible
alerts. It did not allow for
targeted messaging.
The Primary Entry
Point Advisory
Committee (PEPAC)
was established to
manage the Primary
Entry Point (PEP)
program for FEMA.
The Emergency Alert
System (EAS) was
initiated to replace EBS.
The Federal
Communications
Commission began to
enforce EAS Compliance
in 1997.
A Bit of History
FEMA established the
IPAWS program to achieve
the end state of Executive
Order 13407, which the
President signed in June
2006.
Integrated Public Alert and Warning System (IPAWS)
“IPAWS is…to have an effective, reliable integrated, flexible, and comprehensive
system to alert and warn the American people in situations of war, terrorist
attack, natural disaster or other hazards to public safety and well being.” –
Executive Order 13407
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IPAWS Vision
Television
Timely Alert And Warning To American Citizens In
The Preservation of Life And Property
Radio
Common Alerting
Protocol (CAP)
Alerting Authorities;
Federal, State,
territorial, tribal,
and local
Cell Phone
(CMAS)
Computer
Home Phone
IPAWS Alert Aggregators
Public Signage
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IPAWS Architecture
Standards Based Alert Message protocols, authenticated alert message senders, shared, trusted access &
distribution networks, alerts delivered to more public interface devices
Alerting
Authorities
Alert Disseminators
(public alerting systems)
Federal*
Territorial
Local
* Includes NOAA
IPAWS compliant
CAP Alert
Origination Tools
AM FM Satellite Radio;
Digital, Analog, Cable, and
Satellite TV
IPAWS
OPEN
Alert Aggregator/
Gateway
the Message Router
(Open Platform for
Emergency Networks)
CAP messages
Tribal
Emergency
Emergency Alert System
CAP messages
State
American People
Commercial Mobile
Alert System
Cellular and
Commercial
Mobile
Networks
Web Browsers,
widgets,
applications
Internet Services
NOAA
HazCollect
cell phones,
pagers
NWS
FM RBDS
IPAWS compliant
CAP Alert
Origination Tools
State / Local Unique
Alerting Systems
ETN
Siren
Digital Signage
Future Technologies
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Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS)
Available to Public in April 2012
• Serves the general public and is Opt-out (not opt-in)
• Requires CMAS compatible phone, but all major carriers have
volunteered to participate
• Provides information relevant to the user’s current location
• Users only receive alerts for “imminent threats”
• First version limits message length to 90 characters and does not
allow embedded links
• Point to multipoint radio broadcast from cell
tower (not point to point SMS text message)
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U.S. NOAA National Weather Service
Authorities
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The National Weather Service Organic Act of 1890, currently codified as amended in
section 313 of title 15 of the federal statutory code (called the United States Code)
authorizes the National Weather Service to issue and distribute warnings of
environmental hazards. The authority is summarized as:
The NWS provides weather, hydrologic, and climate forecasts and warnings for the
United States, its territories, adjacent waters and ocean areas, for the protection of life
and property and the enhancement of the national economy. NWS data and products
form a national information database and infrastructure which can be used by other
governmental agencies, the private sector, the public, and the global community.
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The National Weather Service all-hazards support authority emanates primarily from the
National Response Framework as authorized by The Homeland Security Act of 2002,
codified predominantly as amended in sections 101 to 557 of title 6 of the United States
Code, and The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act,
codified as amended sections 5121 to 5206 of title 42 of the United States Code.
The NWS supports the Emergency Alert System and provides, in coordination with the
Federal Emergency Management Agency, public dissemination of critical pre-event and
post-event information of all hazards, including natural disasters and terrorist events.
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Sample NWS Efforts in XML &
CAP for Emergency Messages
Action
Date
 RSS feeds by state, county and aggregated national feeds
2003 to present
 Experimental and evolving CAP v1.0
2004 to March 2011
 Experimental Atom index feed
2008 to March 2011
 HazCollect experimental - Non-weather emergency message CAP authoring
2006 to 2009
and NOAA Weather Radio/Emergency Alert System broadcast service for civil
authorities
 HazCollect operational
2009 to present
 CAP v1.1 and Atom index feed operational
15 March 2011
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HazCollect Overview
Emergency Message Flow
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NWS CAP Roadmap
Milestone/Goal
Date
 CAP v1.2 Adopted by FEMA for IPAWS
30 September 2010
 CAP v1.1 Operational in NWS at alerts.weather.gov/cap
15 March 2011
NWS CAP guide on public collaborative wiki to prepare for CAP v1.2
Spring 2011
CAP v1.2 (IPAWS Compliant) Experimental in NWS
Fall 2011
NWS CAP push to FEMA IPAWS Aggregator in time for CMAS
Winter 2011/
Spring 2012
CAP v1.2 Operational
Early 2012
Native production of NWS CAP messages using NWS next generation
warning tool gives forecasters enhanced control over CAP content)
2013
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Challenges
• Transform NWS information and dissemination systems
from WMO-formatted products to create and distribute
XML/CAP formats
• Collaboratively define CAP parameters for weather alerts
• NWS creation of CMAMtext for CMAS (maximum
90-character alert message) until 2013
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NWS Today
CAP Message
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NWS with Next Generation
Warning Tool (2013)
Information
Database
CAP Message
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CAP IPAWS Profile says
“Messages intended for CMAS dissemination MAY include an instance
of <parameter> with a <valueName> of "CMAMtext" and a <value>
containing free form text limited in length to 90 English characters.”
<parameter>
<valueName>CMAMtext</valueName>
<value>NWS’ 90 characters go here</value>
</parameter>
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CAP Wiki to Encourage Collaboration with
Users and Developers (Spring 2011)
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NWS CAP usage guide
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Defines how NWS information is
provided within our CAP compliant
messages
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Collaborative environment for
developers
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Self-help
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Developer feedback encouraged
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Monitored by NWS
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Increase Warning Effectiveness by
Personalizing the Threat
Example of Possible Future CAP Content
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Works across multiple alerting systems
Link to photo/video demonstrating the call to action
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Simplifies task of activating a warning
– “Write once, distribute many times”
“Just in time” training on
your TV or cell phone
Works across languages
Warning effectiveness
Improved response
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Flexibility and Agility
Examples of Possible Future CAP Parameters
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Focus on content
<parameter>
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Nimble: Can add parameters
without impacting user parsing
(NWS, not partners and users,
will be our limiting factors)
<valueName>NWSStormMotionDescription</valueName>
<value>2010-11-10T12:46:00-06:00...164DEG...20KT...+29.45 -98.63</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<valueName>StormReport</valueName>
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Can include additional
parameters for Decision Support
<value>+39.33,-76.82:Woodstock, MD:Trees down on I-70</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
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<valueName>Snow</valueName>
Can include real-time
information to substantiate the
alert
<value>12 or more inches</value>
</parameter>
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Questions and Discussion?
http://alerts.weather.gov/
Herb White
Dissemination Services Manager
NOAA National Weather Service
Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
[email protected]
Supporting Slides
Future:
Better Tools for Communicating Impact
<urgency>value</urgency>
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Immediate
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Expected
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Future
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Past
Today: Pre-assigned from
table of NWS alert types
Severe Thunderstorm Warning
<urgency>Immediate</urgency>
<severity>value</severity>
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Extreme
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Severe
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Moderate
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Minor
<certainty>value</certainty>
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Observed
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Likely
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Possible
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Unlikely
<severity>Severe</severity>
<certainty>Likely</certainty>
2013: Assigned by forecaster
using next generation warning tool
Crippling 1/2” snow squall
<urgency>Immediate</urgency>
<severity>Severe</severity>
<certainty>Likely</certainty>
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HazCollect
All-Hazards Emergency Message Collection System
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NWS Mission – Relay critical pre- and post-event information on NOAA Weather
Radio All Hazards (NWR) and other dissemination systems.
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Provides CAP Alert authoring tools to emergency responders and government
officials for efficient distribution of alert and warning information to affected
population in the event of an emergency.
– HazCollect Service is integrated into the NWS Telecommunications Gateway operations
and backup architecture
– Message Examples: Hazardous Materials Warning, Fire Warning, Evacuation Warning,
Shelter-in-Place Warning, Amber Alert, Nuclear Power Plant Warning, Civil Emergency
Message
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Enables wider distribution of Non-Weather Emergency Messages to:
– NWS dissemination systems including NOAA Weather Radio and NOAA Weather Wire
– Emergency Alert System (EAS)
– CAP-enabled distributors
– Weather enterprise, news media, and others that monitor and distribute NWS data
streams
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