One picture is worth a thousand words. Visual Art as a Core Knowledge Subject Native America Art of New Mexico Art ad Architecture of Early America Art of.
Download ReportTranscript One picture is worth a thousand words. Visual Art as a Core Knowledge Subject Native America Art of New Mexico Art ad Architecture of Early America Art of.
One picture is worth a thousand words. Visual Art as a Core Knowledge Subject Native America Art of New Mexico Art ad Architecture of Early America Art of the Middle Ages 4th Grade Core Kowledge Visual Art Compoet Art of New Mexico, Early American Middle Ages, Islamic, Africa, & China Parents and teachers can build on the treatment offered here (in the core curriculum) by – exposing children to additional art books and pictures – taking them to art museums – showing them buildings with interesting architectural features. Although books are delightful and informative, there is no substitute for the experience of seeing works of art in person. -E.D. Hirsh Jr. from What a Fifth Grader Needs to Know Media Cast New videos that will help 4th Grade this year include but are not limited to: – Drawing Basics: Composition DVD – Chinese Brush Painting DVD – Art Made Easy: Let’s Learn How to Draw – Great Women Artists: Georgia O’Keefe School Wide Art Show 2008-2009 The winners of the individual school art shows will be framed and displayed downtown at the Center for the Arts May 2. Think Outside the Box Stay in the Circle Sit Up Lean Forward Activate Your Mind Nod Your Head Track your Teacher. Safety First “Always come to school in clothes you are ready to learn in.” - Mrs. Cliburn 2nd Grade Teacher The law of the echo. “Children should experience art not only as a spectators but also as creators. They should have frequent opportunities to draw, paint, cut, paste, mold with clay and take photographs. They can imitate styles and artists they encountered and eventually, develop a style of their own.” - E.D. Hirsh Jr. from What a Fifth Grader Needs to Know Portfolio Fold in half Write your name, grade level & school – in big block letters with the big markers Fill the Space – Be Creative My Portfolio My th 4 Grade Student Portfolio Quarter 1 & 2 Native American Art of New Mexico Native American Art of New Mexico The mystique of New Mexico's American Indian tribes is extremely powerful. The Navajo, Apache, Ute, Hopi and Pueblo cultures all call New Mexico home. Their unique languages, colorful dances, distinct arts and crafts, and cultural stories and traditions have been passed down through the generations and are intrinsic to the Land of Enchantment. Native American Art of New Mexico The spiritual roots that sustain the state's various tribes, connecting them to – – – – – New Mexico's tribes offer a variety of activities like – – – – – Earth and sky, Wind and water Sun and moon Their ancestors A prominent part of New Mexico’s rich cultural history. Concerts Dances Museum visits Markets Feast days. You can excess all sorts of teacher resources about New Mexico Native American Art at the website that Diane Beal and Kathy Wooten created at: http://www.hobbsschools.net/schools/hfs/theartofnewmexico/index.htm “All I owe the world is my art.” - Sherman Alexie Story Time Through Georgia’s Eyes Quarter 3 Early American Art Portraits of Patriots John Singleton Copley One of the first great American painters was John Singleton Copley. He painted a portrait of Paul Revere, the famous patriot. In the portrait, Revere is – – – A silversmith and engraver Dressed in in his work clothes. Holding a silver teapot. On the table are the engraving tools he will use to decorate the teapot. “Portrait of the silversmith and American Patriot, Paul Revere” – John Singleton Copley Portraits of Patriots Gilbert Stuart Wealthy Americans loved to have portraits – Of Themselves – Of Their families – Painted by artists who had studied art with great European masters. Gilbert Stuart was one such artists. – He took art lessons from British painters when he was still a child. – Later he studied painting in London. – By 1795, Stuart was considered the premier portrait painter in America. – Martha Washington hired him to paint portraits of herself and her husband. “Portrait of Washington” – Gilbert Stuart Portraits of Patriots George Washington grumbled about sitting for his portrait. Later Stuart remembered that Washington while sitting for his portrait was – – Unlike, Copley, who carefully painted – – – Clothes Settings Personal belongings Stuart chose to concentrate on – “Grave” “Sullen” Washington’s face. This portrait of Washington became the model for the picture on our one-dollar bill. “Portrait of Washington” – Gilbert Stuart Portraits of Patriots Notice the way Stuart uses the color red in Washington’ s cheeks to draw our eyes there. What expression do you think Gilbert Stuart captured in his portrait of Washington? But Stuart also idealized this portrait in some ways – – – By painting Washington without physical flaws Leaving out scars caused by smallpox and a mole under Washington’s left ear. Emphasizing his heroic qualities Stuart creates a warm, fuzzy background that frames Washington’s head with – – Quick and sketchy brushstrokes Softly Blended Colors People who knew Washington said the portrait looked like him. This is the image most of us remember when we think of George Washington today. “Portrait of Washington” – Gilbert Stuart Portraits of Patriots How would you paint a picture of the president of the United States? In a suit, or in working clothes? Smiling or looking very serious? Would you paint a richly detailed background or decide to focus on you subject’s face? Would you paint exactly what you saw, or leave out physical imperfections? After you decided these basic questions, you would need to decide how to use color, line, form, light, and shadows. These are the choices portrait painters have to consider. Different artists make different decisions. “Portrait of Washington” – Gilbert Stuart Project #1 Portrait of a Patriot Cut out stencil of Patriot or President of Early American History. Trace the contour on the blank sheet of paper. Ask yourself the questions of a portrait artist. Add details of the face. Color the face color and hair with multi-cultural markers. Paint your choice of background with watercolor paint or color with oil pastels. Paint the coat and collar with a black watercolor paint. Sign the right corner of your picture. Painting Revolutionary History Emanuel Leutze Every so often a painting captures a moment in history so perfectly that it becomes a famous symbol of the event. Washington Crossing the Delaware, by Emanuel Leutze is that kind of painting. On the day after Christmas in 1776, Washington led his half-starved and freezing troops across the Delaware River for a surprise attack on the enemy troops camped at Trenton, New Jersey. This revolutionaries’ victory was – – One of the most important events in the war. Inspired the soldiers to keep fighting. “Detail of Washington Crossing the Delaware” – Emanuel Leutze Painting Revolutionary History Leutze chose to paint – Not the actual battle, but the river crossing that preceded it. – Only Washington standing. – Washington’s profile jutting into the sky while his soldiers hunch over the oars. – Washington’s face as one of the few in the picture above the horizon. – The bright sky illuminating Washington’s profile, highlighting it more dramatically than any other. – The actual painting more than twelve feet high and twenty-one feet wide. “Detail of Washington Crossing the Delaware” – Emanuel Leutze Painting Revolutionary History “Washington Crossing the Delaware” – Emanuel Leutze All the of these decisions allowed the painter to turn General George Washington into a larger-than-life figure, symbolic of patriotic devotion and bravery in support of the American cause. Little Mountain, Great Architect When he was a boy, Thomas Jefferson had a secret hideaway at the top of a mountain on his father’s estate in Albemarle County, Virginia. Many years later, he built a house there. When it comes to Monticello, Jefferson – – – – – Designed Built Rebuilt Took over more than forty years to complete He worked on it through the years he helped lead the Revolution, write the Declaration of Independence, and served as vice president and president. “Detail of Monticello” – Matt Kozlowski Little Mountain, Great Architect Jefferson constructed Monticello almost entirely of American Materials. The timber was cut from his forests and the stone was cut right out of the mountain. The nails and bricks were made by workers at Monticello. “Monticello” – Matt Kozlowski A plantation as big as Monticello required the work of many people. More than one hundred slaves lived in houses built near Monticello. Monticello on the Nickel Jefferson learned about architecture from books. His favorite books showed buildings that looked like ancient Greek and Roman temples. Monticello, and other buildings Jefferson designed have – – – – “The Pantheon” This classical style of architecture reminded Jefferson of another gift from ancient Greece and Rome: – Wide, open porches. White columns. Triangular pediments about them. Elements borrowed from classical temples. Democracy government of the people, the central ideas that inspired the American Revolution. You can also see an image of Monticello on the reverse side of the nickel. “Monticello on the reverse side of the nickel” Jane Pitford Braddick “Monticello in 1825” – Jane Pitford Braddick This watercolor shows Jefferson’s house, Monticello, in 1825, the year before Jefferson died. The painter, Jane Pitford Braddick, was a friend of Jefferson's granddaughters. Eleven of Jefferson's grandchildren lived with him at Monticello, and Braddick chose to include three of them in her picture. She also included another person in the painting – and artist, doing another drawing of Monticello! “Architecture is my delight, and putting up and pulling down one of my favorite amusements.” - Thomas Jefferson Quarter 4 Art of the Middle Ages Byzantine Madonna and Child Works of art which show the Madonna and Child can be – Paintings – Sculptures Some paintings are altarpieces – That are designed to go above the altar in a church. – That are very large and show the Madonna on a throne, with saints standing around it. In some churches, particularly in Italy and in Eastern Orthodox Churches, there are many wall paintings and mosaics of the Madonna and Child. “Madonna and Child” – Cimabue Byzantine Madonna and Child Most Madonna and Child paintings have been painted for private owners and are small. – Have been kept in houses. – Might be hung on the wall above a table where flowers and candles could be placed to honour the Virgin Mary. – Most of the famous ones are now in art galleries. “13th Century Madonna and Child” Illuminated Manuscripts During the Middle Ages, books were – – – – Not printed Copied by hand Scarce Highly valued. We still have some of the beautiful books made by monks in the Middle Ages. These books are called illuminated manuscripts. A manuscript is a book – – “Detail from the Book of Kells” Written by hand Containing many pages that are illuminated. Color and sparkle were added to them with paint and bits of real gold and silver. “Pages from the Book of Kells” Book of Kells Around AD 900, monks in Great Britain created one of the most famous illuminated manuscripts in the world, the Book of Kells. The Book of Kells, contains the four Gospels – – The Book of Kells has – – Writing in a special, ornate handwriting Paintings that decorate many of its pages. For the Book of Kells, the monks – – – – – – The first four books in the New Testament. Tell about the life of Jesus. Did not use paper for The Books of Kells. They used parchment, made from the skin of sheep or calves. Stitched together the velvety smooth sheets of parchment Cut the parchment and to make a book, Used pens made of goose quills Used paintbrushes made of animal fur to apply colored paint, gold, and silver to the parchment pages. This page from the Book of Kells shows – – – Mary, the mother of Jesus. The baby Jesus. Angels surrounding Mary and Jesus. “A Page from the Book of Kells showing Madonna and Child” Medieval Tapestries Churches and monasteries were not the only places where art was found in the Middle Ages. Important people wanted beautiful art objects around them. – – – – Kings Queens Lords Ladies They enjoyed seeing pictures of their favorite stories woven into tapestries, or large cloth wall hangings. “Medieval Tapestries” Medieval Tapestries In the Middle Ages, people told stories about unicorns, saying that only a pure and lovely maiden could see this magical beast. Some of the most famous tapestries from the Middle Ages show a story called “The Hunt of the Unicorn.” – We do not know who designed or wove these tapestries – We do know that they hung in a castle in Cluny, France, during the 1400’s. “Detail from The Hunt of the Unicorn.” Cathedrals In the Middle Ages, a church was built in the center of almost every town in Europe. Magnificent Gothic cathedrals were created in the larger towns and cities. These cathedrals were designed to – – Towers Spires Emphasize height and grandeur. Inside, – – – “Detail from Chartres Cathedral” - Andreas F. Borchert Outside, – – – Suggest the majesty of God Inspire prayer. Tall ceilings Create awe-inspiring spaces Sometimes one hundred of feet high. Throughout the building – – – – Statues Paintings Stained-glass windows Depict stories From the Bible The lives of the saints. “Outside view of Notre Dame Cathedral” Chartres Cathedral “Outside view of Chartres Cathedral” One of the most beautiful Gothic cathedrals was built in Charters, France. Chartres Cathedral is still in the very center of the town. Gothic cathedrals are so tall and have such large windows, Stone braces called buttresses strengthen the walls. – When they stick out beyond the wall, like these do, they are called flying buttresses. Chartres Cathedral Often Gothic cathedrals look symmetrical – – Each side a perfect reflection of the other. In Chartres Cathedral the two man towers look very different. That is because it took so long to build this cathedral. The south tower of the cathedral, on the left in the picture was built in the thirteenth century, around 1200. The north tower, on the right, wasn’t finished until after 1400. Architectural styles had changed in those 200 years. The designer of the north tower wanted to be up to date more than he wanted matching towers. “Front view from Chartres Cathedral” Chartres Cathedral There are some stained-glass windows from the cathedral in Chartres, France. The circular window is called a rose window. It is high up in the cathedral and very big, so it casts colored light through much of the building. Walking into Chartres Cathedral is – Like walking inside a rainbow – An enormous space that makes you feel very small The soft light and colorful windows made you feel warm and protected. “Rose Window from Chartres Cathedral” - Andreas F. Borchert Project #2 Stained Glass Project Think about what kind of radial design you are going to use. What kind of shapes and size of the shapes etc. that you will use. Think about examples of radial designs like the rose windows in the Chartres Cathedral. Draw a shape in the middle of the scratch board paper with pencil first then with your toothpick. Use a ruler to add dotted guidelines around your central shape with pencil. Add big, medium and large shapes on each dot with pencil first then with your toothpick. Make it more elaborate by adding additional shapes in-between your radial design. Sign your name on the back with a sharpie. Notre Dame Cathedral In France’s capital city of Paris, there is another great medieval cathedral called Notre Dame. Notre Dame means “our lady” in French, which is another name for Mary, the mother of Jesus. Notre Dame provides many examples of the gothic – An arch shape on doorways and windows that look tall and elegant. – An arch shape on windows – The entire structure looks tall and elegant. “Front view of Notre Dame Cathedral” Notre Dame Cathedral “Inside of Notre Dame Cathedral” - Cezary Piwowarski Inside Notre Dame, the ceiling is made of – – Tall pointed arches. Crisscrossed stone spines. Like the buttresses on the outside of a cathedral, these rib vaults were – – designed to help support the weight of all thee stones in such a tall building Designed to work like a skeleton, holding up the weight of the stone roof and ceiling. Gargoyles At the top of Notre Dame’s two large stone towers sit statues of make-believe demons called gargoyles. “Gargoyle on top of Notre Dame Cathedral” - Michael Reeve People hoped these scary creatures would keep evil away from their church. “Gargoyle on top of Notre Dame Cathedral” Gargoyles “Gargoyle on top of Notre Dame Cathedral” - Florian Siebeck When it rains, water runs through the roof gutters and drains out through the mouths of gargoyles. Notre Dames’ gargoyles sit at the end of drain spouts. The Taj Mahal It is a good example of Islamic architecture because it contains – Domes – Minarets Built at the end of a very long, narrow pool of still water – The Taj Mahal appears to float. – When you look at it from a distance, the pool reflects its perfect symmetry, or balance. As you walk closer, the gleaming white building looms bigger and bigger. Slender minarets, or towers stands at the four corners. “Front view of the Taj Mahal” - J. A. Knudsen The Taj Mahal “Outside view of the Alhambra” The Taj Mahal was built in the 1600’s as a tomb for the Muslim emperor’s beloved wife. Many people consider it one of the world's most famous and beautiful buildings. Art of Africa Dancing Antelopes Long ago many African people did not write down their histories. They remembered things from the past by – – – – – Singing songs Dancing Acting Telling stories Making works of art. In Mali, a group of people called the Bamana believed that long ago, a special being called Chiwara used magical powers to teach the people to farm. To remember their ancestors and to honor the powers of Chiwara, Bamana artists carved tall wooden figures shaped like antelopes, designed to be worn on top of the head. “Example of antelope headdresses from Mali “ Dancing Antelopes During painting and harvest festivals, young men – Hid their bodies under costumes made of fiber – Wore these tall headdresses – Performed a dance like leaping antelopes. The dance told the story of Chiwara. Bamana artists – Didn’t try to make their sculptures look exactly like real antelopes. – Suggested the shape of the antelope's body with big bold curves. “Example of antelope headdresses from Mali ” Portraits in Clay and Bronze The Yoruba people of West Africa lived in the city of Ife. From about AD 1000 to 1500, artists in Ife carved beautiful sculptures made of – Brass (a metal) – Terra cotta (red clay baked in a hot fire). Ife sculptors made sculptures that have – – – – Likenesses of real people Delicate features Dignified expressions Eyes that stare straight ahead. “Detail of a Head of an Ife King” - Ukabia Portraits in Clay and Bronze To make this brass head, the sculptor – Molded the head, using a mixture of sand and clay. – Covered it with a then layer of beeswax – Molded the details of the face into the beeswax using a knife made of bone – Covered it all with a thin layer of clay. – Put the sculpture on a hot fire, the beeswax melted and drained out leaving a thing hollow space between two faceshaped shells of clay. – Poured hot melted brass into the space. – Broke the clay shells after the brass cooled. What remained was this brass sculpture. “Head of an Ife King” - Ukabia A Portrait Mask of an African Queen The Edo people lived in Benin, a kingdom southeast of Ife, in the area of today’s Nigeria. The Edo people – – Considered the king and his ancestors to be like gods. Created sculptures to show their respect to their royalty. In Benin, every time a hunter killed an elephant, one tusk was given to the king. Ivory carvers lived near the palace and worked for the king. Like the brass terra cotta heads made by the Yoruba, Benin masks represented real people. The artist did not make an exact copy of the person’s facial features, though. – The artists idealized the portrait, or made it closer to perfect than any one person can be. “Detail of an ivory mask representing a queen of the Edo people” - T L Miles A Portrait Mask of an African Queen This mask – Was carved out of ivory – Was a portrait of Idia, a queen of the Edo people and the mother of a king who lived in Benin in the sixteenth century – Represented a queen’s head that is surrounded by bearded men, representing soldiers – Was worn by the king on his belt for important occasions. “An ivory mask representing a queen of the Edo people” - T L Miles Project #3 African Mask Project Put your name on the back of the blank mask. Look at your example of an African mask. Think about the different features and functions of a tribal mask in Africa. Think about what kind of mask you are going to make and what parts are going to be similar to masks made in Africa. Paint the colors on the mask. Wash your brush off every time you change colors. Cut out Wonder-foam in creative shapes to add to the shape of you mask. Glue the Wonder-foam shapes to the face shape. Glue and stick the feathers in your mask shape. Glue rocks, seeds and rhinestones to add texture to your mask. Lay your mask flat on the poster-board to make it easier to carry. Tell the story and function behind your mask design. Be creative. Art of China Art of China The people of ancient China believed that the spirit of nature breathes life into all things. For them the artist’s job was to capture this spirit in art. By the end of the sixth century, Chinese artists were capturing the spirit of nature by making paintings on scrolls – long bands of paper or silk. Chinese artists painted pictures of – – – – Children Birds Flowers Animals “Silk scroll painting” Art of China By the tenth century, Chinese artists painted entire landscapes, or pictures of natural scenery, on silk scrolls. Alongside the painting, you can see red ink stamps and fancy Chinese handwriting. – The red stamps are like a signature, showing who owned this scroll over time. – The handwriting is a poem or comments added by friends. “Landscape paintings on silk scrolls” Art of China “Landscape painting on a silk scroll” The image of parakeets, sitting on a flowering tree branch, was painted on a silk scroll early on the twelfth century during the Zhou Dynasty. The Art of Handwriting “Example of Chinese Calligraphy” In China beautiful handwriting became an art form. Chinese people appreciated calligraphy (the art of beautiful handwriting) for – – Its beauty The shape and pictures in its symbols. The Chinese language is different from English, both in the way – – – – It sounds It looks. Words are represented by characters instead of letters. Many Chinese characters are little pictures that look something like the things they stand for. The Art of Handwriting “Example of Chinese Calligraphy” Chinese calligraphers worked hard to make their characters look beautiful. Choose one character in an example of Chinese calligraphy. Imagine making it with a paint-brush. What direction would you move the paintbrush? You would have to decide – – – Where would you start? How hard to press down, Where to make the lines thick or thin How much ink to put on you brush. Calligraphers think carefully about all these things, but finally they – – Dip their brushes into the ink Paint the characters quickly and without stopping. Why Cups and Saucers are called China? The Chinese started making porcelain, or fine white pottery, during the Tang Dynasty, which lasted from AD 618 to 907. Nobody in Europe was making such lovely pottery at that time, so the Europeans traded with the Chinese for these porcelain and simply called it china. It would be another 700 years before the Europeans learned the recipe for porcelain. During China’s Ming Dynasty, which lasted from 1368 to 1644, artists got so good at making porcelain, they made porcelain sculptures six feet tall. “Example of Chinese Porcelain” Cobalt Blue Potters in the Ming Dynasty developed glazes, or shiny paintings, for decorating their pottery. Their favorite colored glaze was this brilliant blue, made from a chemical called cobalt. “Example of Chinese Porcelain” “I hear and I forget I see and I remember I do and I understand.” - Chinese Proverb References Text from Hirsh, Jr., E.D. (2006). What Your Fifth Grader Needs to Know. New York, NY: Bantam Dell Inc. Wikipedia Search [On-line]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page State of New Mexico Tourism Department [Online]. Available: http://www.newmexico.org/native_am erica/ Photo References Images from Google Image Search. [Online]. Available: http://images.google.com/ Wikimedia Commons Search. [On-line]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Creative Commons Credits The top photo of the gargoyle on page 7 & 39 by Daderot is published under the following license http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License The photo of Monticello on page 33 & 34 by Matt Kozlowski is published under the following license http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License The photo of statues on page 46 is published by Andreas F. Borchert under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ The photo of the Alhambra on page 56 by Andrew Dunn under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ The photo of the rose window on page 49 is published by Andreas F. Borchert under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ The photo of the detail of the Alhambra on page 58 by Yves Remedios under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ The photo of the inside view of Notre Dame on page 52 by is is published by Cezary Piwowarski under the following license http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License The photo of the detail of the Court of Lions on page 59 by Fernando Martin under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ The photo of the Dome on the Rock on page 60 is published by Gila Brand under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ The photo of the Dome on the Rock on page 61 is published by Paolo Massa under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ The photo of the Taj Mahal on page 64 is published by J. A. Knudsen under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ The photo of the Bronze Mask on page 66,69 & 70 is published by Ukabia under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ The photo of the Ivory Mask on page 71 and 72 is published by T L Miles under the following license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ The top photo of the gargoyle on page 53 by is is published by Michael Reeve under the following license http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License The bottom photo of the gargoyle on page 53 by is is published by Zerotreehill under the following license http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License The photo of the gargoyle on page 54 by is is published by Florian Siebeck under the following license http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License