Transcript World Geography Today Human Systems Preview Section 1: Economic Geography Section 2: Urban and Rural Geography Section 3: Political Geography Chapter Wrap-Up Chapter 6

World Geography Today
Human Systems
Preview
Section 1: Economic Geography
Section 2: Urban and Rural Geography
Section 3: Political Geography
Chapter Wrap-Up
Chapter 6
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 1: Economic Geography
Read to Discover
• What are the three main types of
economic systems?
• How are developed countries and
developing countries different?
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 1: Economic Geography
Question
What words or phrases describe the three
main types of economic systems?
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 1: Economic Geography
Economy Motivator
Location
People make goods
for themselves or
their families with
little surplus.
Mostly in poor
countries and
rural areas
Profit
People freely
choose what to buy
and sell.
Most of the
world’s rich
countries
Government
regulations
The government
establishes
products, locations,
and prices.
Communist
countries
Traditional Survival
or
Subsistence
Market
Command
Description
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 1: Economic Geography
Differences in Levels of Development
• Developed countries
• High levels of industrialization
• High standards of living, education, and health care
• Good infrastructure, with global market economies
• Developing countries
• Poorer nations, with lower standards of living, education, and health
care
• Based mainly on farming, with fewer jobs in services or
manufacturing
• Includes most of Africa, Asia, Central and South America, Pacific
Islands
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 2: Urban and Rural Geography
Read to Discover
• How have people used land throughout
human history?
• How does urban geography describe
human settlements?
• What are some of the ways people use
land in rural areas?
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 2: Urban and Rural Geography
Question
How have people used land
throughout human history?
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 2: Urban and Rural Geography
Agriculture and Human History
Hunter-gatherers
move with the
seasons in search
of food.
Humans
domesticate
plants and
animals.
People develop
agriculture and
transform their
environments.
Agriculture provides
surplus food and
allows people to
learn new crafts and
skills.
Towns and
cities grow as
civilizations
develop.
Trade between
cities increases
cultural diffusion.
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 2: Urban and Rural Geography
Urban Geography
• Urban geography (the geography of cities)
describes urban settlements in various ways:
• Location
• Size and distribution
• Land use
• Urban problems
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 2: Urban and Rural Geography
Rural Land Use
• The key economic activity is agriculture.
• Subsistence—Food produced by a family for
its own needs
• Market-oriented—Products grown to sell to
consumers
• Rural land is also used for forestry, mining, and
recreation.
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 3: Political Geography
Read to Discover
• How are government and geography
connected?
• What are three main types of geographic
boundaries?
• How do conflict and cooperation affect
international relations?
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 3: Political Geography
Geographers study:
• How governments divide and control Earth’s
surface
• How governments rule and protect their people
• How governments interact
• How culture influences government
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 3: Political Geography
Question
What are the three main types of
geographic boundaries?
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 3: Political Geography
Type of
Boundary
Description
Natural
Follow a feature of the
landscape
U.S.-Mexico border
along the Rio Grande
Spain-Portugal border
Cultural
Based on cultural
traits such as religion
or language
Follow regular,
geometric patterns
such as latitude and
longitude
U.S.-Canada border
Geometric
Example
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Section 3: Political Geography
Conflict and Cooperation in
International Relations
• Conflict divides countries, often over issues of
nationalism or cultural, political, and economic
differences.
• Cooperation helps solve political and economic
problems and brings countries together.
World Geography Today
Chapter 6
Chapter Wrap-Up Understanding the Main Ideas
1. Which type of economic activity is located at the site of
the resource being exploited? Which activity can be
located almost anywhere?
2. What are some measures of development?
3. How did the development of early cities affect people’s
daily lives?
4. How do people satisfy their basic needs with subsistence
agriculture?
5. What are some of the ways countries interact with each
other?