Transcript Barriers to Technology Transfer Environmentally Sound Technologies and Implementation of the Kyoto Protocol Dr Steve Halls Director International Environmental Technology Centre (IETC) UNEP.

Barriers to Technology Transfer Environmentally Sound Technologies
and Implementation of the
Kyoto Protocol
Dr Steve Halls
Director
International Environmental Technology Centre (IETC)
UNEP
IETC
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IETC
is based in Japan and has two
offices – one Osaka and one in Shiga
 IETC’s Mandate is the promotion and
transfer of Environmentally Sound
Technologies (ESTs) to developing
countries and those with economies in
transition
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International Environmental Technology Centre
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IETC
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IETC’s
activities assist decision makers in
governments and other organizations by:
– Identifying and solving environmental
problems
– Assessing and evaluating new technologies
for adoption and use
– Promoting and demonstrating
environmentally sound technologies (ESTs)
– Development of tools and techniques to
assist in the identification, selection and use
of appropriate ESTs
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International Environmental Technology Centre
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IETC
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The Centre focuses on and integrates water and
urban environmental issues by:
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Raising awareness
Information exchange
Capacity building
Demonstration projects.
 IETC’s Main Programmes areas are:
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Energy and Water for Cities
Sustainable Buildings and Construction
Sustainable Transport
Integrated Waste Management
Tools: e-learning, EnRA and EnTA
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EST’s
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Environmentally
Sound Technologies
(ESTs) are technologies that have the
– potential for significantly improved
environmental performance relative to other
technologies.
– are less polluting,
– use resources in a sustainable manner,
– recycle more of their wastes and products, and
– handle all residual wastes in a more
environmentally acceptable way than the
technologies for which they are substitutes.
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EST’s
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ESTs
are not just individual technologies.
They can also be defined as total systems
that include know-how, procedures, goods
and services, and equipment, as well as
organizational and managerial procedures
for promoting environmental sustainability.
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EST’s & TNA - Activities
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Regional Consultations/Workshops/Seminars
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E-questionnaires/surveys
Databases – maESTro, ICPIC, SANet, Nett 21
Knowledge Management & Sharing - “ESTIS”
Expert Meetings
International Seminar
Websites/Communities – “APREN”, “SARNEST”
Portals – “EMERALD”, “KEYSTONE”, “SAFFIRE”
Partners (Co-operation Centres)
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etc…
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Summary - TNA, EST’s & Issues
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Current
efforts and established processes
of technology transfer are not sufficient.
 Decision-makers lack of ability to prioritize,
identify and select ESTs.
 Governments need to enact policies that
lower costs and stimulate a demand for
ESTs.
 Need to integrate human skills,
organisational development and
information networks for effective
technology transfer.
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International Environmental Technology Centre
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Summary - TNA & EST’s
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Barriers
to EST Transfer:
– This is largely due to the inadequacy of
information and decision support tools used
to quantify and qualify the merits of ESTs and
related investments.
– The challenge is even greater in the context
of developing countries, given the complexity
of factors that influence and determine
investment decisions.
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Summary - TNA & EST’s
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Barriers
(contd)
– Inadequacy of information and decision
support tools represents a significant
challenge
– Lack of cooperation amongst governments,
corporations and the financial community is
needed for investments in ESTs to occur.
– Governments, the private sector and citizens
are not coordinated in their activities.
– Lack of systems for collecting, synthesizing
and feeding back information and knowledge
on ESTs. These must be developed and
maintained.
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TNA & EST’s
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What
can be done?
– Encourage the adoption and use of ESTs by
use of both voluntary approaches and a
regulatory framework that allows organizations
to innovate and become environmentally
responsible.
– Clarification of existing environmental laws
and regulations relating to technology transfer.
– Coordination and harmonization with
international programmes and initiatives on
technology assessment and verification.
– Develop “simple, easy-to-use’ risk
management tools for the finance (including
investors) sector.
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TNA & EST’s
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– Reduction of significant gaps in the abilities of
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both information providers and information
users.
– Technology users and intermediaries could do a
better job in selecting ESTs if they knew the
range of information systems available and the
quality, reliability and veracity of information
they contain.
– Technology providers could do a better job of
promoting their ESTs if they were more familiar
with the target audiences and the quality,
reliability and veracity requirements of these
information systems.
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International Environmental Technology Centre
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TNA & EST’s
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Investments in ESTs and eco-efficient practices
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require transparent, credible information on which
decisions can be based.
 Well-defined, effectively applied critieria and
guidelines for the identification and selection of
ESTs are required
 Technology performance assessment processes
can encourage the adoption and use of ESTs.
 Continuous review and improvement is essential
for the creation of an effective system that is
responsive to changing social, economic and
political realities.
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Priorities: EST’s
 By raising public and private interest towards
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ESTs in developing countries, substantial
progress could be made.
 To guide this process, actions are needed now in
the following areas:
– Defining what are ESTs (cf. Chapter 34, Agenda 21)
– Development of criteria and guidelines on EST
identification and selection
– Development of environmental performance criteria and
guidelines for ESTs
– Establishment of EST Information and Knowledge
sharing (regional) networks
– Regional, national and local priorities, goals and
objectives for the adoption and use of ESTs
– Establishing an enabling financial environment to
enhance the adoption and use of ESTs.
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Thank you for your attention.
IETC Website
http://www.unep.or.jp
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