Transcript US&R Rescuer Safety General Hazards • • • • • • • Structural Instability Overhead Hazards Surface Hazards Water Hazards Ground Disruptions Heavy Equipment Below Grade Hazards.

US&R Rescuer Safety
General Hazards
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Structural Instability
Overhead Hazards
Surface Hazards
Water Hazards
Ground Disruptions
Heavy Equipment
Below Grade Hazards
Utility Hazards
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Natural Gas or Propane
Electricity
Water
Steam
Sewage
Hazardous Materials
• Reference – Ca. Health and Safety Code
• Residential Hazardous Materials
– Kitchen, Laundry, Garages/Storage Sheds
• Commercial Hazardous Materials
– Supermarkets, Hardware, Schools, Hospitals,
Laboratories
Other Hazards
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Fire
Explosion
Vibrations
Particulate Matter
Confined Space Issues – Tool Use
Loud Noise
Uncoordinated Rescue Operations
General Types of Building
Construction Hazards
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Light Frame
Heavy Wall Construction
Heavy Floor Construction
Precast Construction
Light Frame Hazards
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Weakened wall and connections
Broken utilities
Combustible materials
Cracked or leaning walls
Separation from foundations
Cracked or leaning chimneys or veneer walls
Separated porch or upper story connections
Loose roof tiles or roof equipment
Broken glass and damaged door frames
BRICK PATTERN THAT
IDENTIFIES UNREINFORCED
MASONRY. HAS BOND
(HEADER) ROW AT
ABOUT EVERY SIX
ROWS. AT FRONTS
OF BUILDINGS, THE
PATTERN MAY BE
HIDDEN BY FANCY
MASONRY VENEER
Heavy Wall Hazards
• Weakened perimeter load bearing walls and
connection to floor and roofs
• Broken utilities
• Broken parapets, chimneys, ornamental masonry
• Broken walls and columns
• Broken structural connections
• Cracked wall corners, windows, door frames
• Unsupported collapsed floors
• Loose HVAC or roof equipment
Heavy Floor Hazards
• Weakened columns and poor connections between
floors and columns
• Broken utilities
• “Empty cage” – concrete column failure
• Broken structural connections
• Diagonal shear cracking in support beams
• Broken infill or shear walls
• Loose HVAC or roof equipment
Precast Construction Hazards
• Weakened interconnection of structural
components – floors, wall panels and beams
• Broken utilities
• Broken walls, cracked corbels at beam-tocolumn connections
• Cracked columns at top and bottom joints
• Broken wall panels
• Loose HVAC or roof equipment
Collapse Patterns
Lean-To
Pancake
V-Shape
Cantilever
Collapse Patterns
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Lean-to collapse
V-shape collapse
Pancake collapse
Cantilever collapse
Personal Protective Equipment
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Helmets or hard hats, gloves, safety boots
Eye protection-goggles or glasses
Hearing protection
Respiratory protection
– Dust masks, APRs, B/As
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Flashlights or head lamps
Flash protection-brush gear, coveralls
Knee pads
Communications gear
Personal alarm device
Safety Considerations
• Lookouts, communications, escape routes, safe
zones
• Safety Officer duties – 1 per incident
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Watch for hazards
Scene safety
No active participation with rescue – hands on
Utilize a safety check list
Use buddy system – teams of 2 that stay together
Communications
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Communications plan – part of IAP
Portable radio and PAD for each rescuer
Maintain continuous voice or radio contact
Constant progress reports to leader
Coordinate with other rescue teams
Prearrange emergency evacuation signal
Communications with entrapped rescuers
Escape Routes
• Pre-established paths to safe zones
• Considerations
– Direct path may not be the best option
– Remain in place may be good option
– Constant updating of egress pathways
Safe Zones
• Pre-established area of safe refuse from
hazards
• Can be in or out of “hot zone” area
• Personnel accountability procedure must be
used
– Immediate relay of information must be relayed
to operations
Personnel Accountability System
• Keeps track of all members at all times
• Assign officer to keep track
• Conduct checks after any emergency
evacuations, periodically throughout
incident and when leaving work area
Other Considerations
• Rescuer hydration
– 8 to 12 oz water every 30 minutes during heavy work
• Team Rotations
– Rotate on regular basis
– Consider 15 to 30 minutes for heavy work
• Personal hygiene
– Wash hands and face prior to eating, leaving work area
– Eat or drink only properly prepared and stored foods
• Stress factors
– Prolonged rescue operations
– Fatigue and psychological