Supply/Demand, Technical and Socio-economic GLOBAL STUDY of FERRMED Great Axis Network and its Area of influence Presentation of General Content, Conclusions and Recommendations.
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Supply/Demand, Technical and Socio-economic GLOBAL STUDY of FERRMED Great Axis Network and its Area of influence Presentation of General Content, Conclusions and Recommendations 1 FERRMED STANDARDS FOR THE RAIL FREIGHT GREAT AXES Consortium EU Reticular and polycentric network having a great socio-economic and intermodal impact. In the main branches of great axes two parallel lines: one giving priority or exclusiveness to freight heavy traffic another available for passengers and light freight (high sped trains). Loading gauge UIC-C, width of the tracks UIC. Electrified lines. Maximum slope 12‰ Trains length 1500 m. and 3.6005000 tonnes. Locomotive and wagon new concept Availability of a network of intermodal polyvalent and flexible terminals Unified labour, management and operational systems Free Competition 30÷35% of participation of rail in long distance land transportation I. SUMMARY of the Global Study Ferrmed standards simplified version A KEY STRUCTURAL GREAT AXIS NETWORK FOR WESTERN EUROPE Consortium The rail freight network of the FERRMED Great Axis interconnects the most important sea and inland harbour fronts; and the main East-West axes of the EU. Main Trunk Branches Length: 4.500 Km. TECHNICAL, SOCIOECONOMIC AND SUPPLY/DEMAND GLOBAL STUDY Consortium Totally business/market orientated with double approach, regional as well as European. Global study will analyze different modes of freight transportation in the whole network of the FERRMED Great Axis from three points of view: • Supply/Demand Analysis • Technical Analysis • Socioeconomic and environmental Analysis The aim is: •to match different Supply Scenarios with Demand and to balance and optimize the traffic between different modes of transportation achieving that the rail freight transportation could reach 30÷35% of the long distance land transportation rate • to put into practice FERRMED standards improving the conditions of capacity, intermodality and interoperability of the railway in the afore mentioned network. RESULT: High priority Rail Freight network (business oriented) TECHNICAL, SOCIOECONOMIC AND SUPPLY/DEMAND GLOBAL STUDY Consortium SELECTED CONSORTIUM • • • • • • • • • • • • WYG International (UK) DORSH Consult (Germany) GESTE ENGINEERING (Switzerland) INEXIA (France) NTU (Denmark) PROGTRANS AG (Switzerland) RINA INDUSTRY (Italy) SENER (Spain) SIGNIFICANCE BV (The Netherlands) STRATEC (Belgium) WSP AB (Sweden) WYG Consulting Group (UK) Consortium SUPPLY/DEMAND ANALYSIS The FERRMED “Global” Study Consortium • Strategic Transport Planning pre-feasibility project, including: • Railway infrastructure (new or upgrading of existing) • Necessary investment (including Freight Terminals) • Operational issues • Legal and administrative framework • Environmental concerns • Economic profitability • Financing options • Market opinion (and Market Analysis) • Four (4) main modules: • Supply/ Demand analysis • Technical analysis • Cost-Benefit analysis • Legal and administrative issues Content Consortium 1. Scope of the S&D analysis 2. Simulation model (2005) 3. Future Scenarios 4. Forecasting (2020 and 2025) 5. Conclusions of the S&D analysis SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Framework Consortium FERRMED Global Study Data Collection SUPPLY/DEMAND ANALYSIS Supply/ Demand • FERRMED transport planning model building (base year 2005) • Definition of 14 future scenarios (2020-2025) • Simulation and traffic forecasting Technical CBA Environmental Administrative Legal SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Trans-Tools Modelling Platform Consortium • Developed under EU funding • Originally for evaluation of TEN-T projects • Models passenger and freight transport across Europe • Database (2000) • • • • transport variables socioeconomic variables 4 step transport planning model (macroscopic) Freight Demand model (generation/ distribution) Passenger Demand model (generation/ distribution) Freight Modal Split Passenger Modal Split networks services • Largest European transport model Logistics Model Trans-Tools provides a simulation tool for strategic analysis SCOPE 2005 Network Traffic Assignment SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Transport Networks (II) Consortium Railways (freight) Mixed lines Dedicated lines SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS External models for freight demand Consortium • • 1. Intra Red Banana and export to EU 25 2. Internal Demand for Red Banana Countries 3. 4 production sectors • • • • • 1 At country level Industry Agriculture Construction Energy Eurostat data 2 Port Flow Distribution Model SCOPE 3 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Port Flow Distribution Model Consortium • 45 major European ports included • 55% total European ports freight traffic • 75% of intercontinental freight traffic in Europe • Maritime and inland networks • 4 models built in TransCAD • containers • Ro-Ro • general cargo • dry bulk SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Traffic Assignment: Rail Consortium • Output in tonnes/day (freight) and pax/day (passengers) converted to traffic (trains/day) • Model calibrated against observed rail traffic data for main lines • Local traffic considered separately using different occupancy and loading factors • Traffic split by train type • Passenger: high speed, intercity, commuter • Freight: block, wagon and container 2005 Rail Freight Traffic Calibration 2005 Rail Passenger Traffic Calibration 700 250 y= 0.86x + 5.6 Calculated Modelled Modelled Calculated 300 y = 0,86x + 5,64 R2 = 0,88 200 150 100 50 0 0 R2 =500.88 600 y= 0.94x + 6.3 y = 0,94x + 6,26 R2 = 0,95 500 400 300 200 100 0 100 150 200 250 300 0 2 = 0.95 R100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Observed Observed Observed Observed SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS 800 Freight Modal Split Consortium Freight Modal Split (2005) Road Rail IWW Inland Freight Modal Split (2005) Sea Road 100% 100% 80% 80% 60% 60% 40% 40% 20% 20% 0% 0% EU25 Rail EU25 Red Banana IWW Red Banana (Measured in tonnes-km) SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Year 2005 Traffic (III) Consortium Rail Freight (trains/day) SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Inland Demand Forecasting Consortium Growth Rate Forecasting for Main Socioeconomic Variables EU-25 [EUROSTAT] Base 100: 2005 GDP (2005 constant price) Population Growth Rates Forecasting for Inland Freight Demand 160% (Intra-Country + Intra Red Banana and Export to EU-25 models) Base 100: 2005 150% 140% 1. Intra Red Banana - export to EU25 2. Intra-Country TOT Inland 130% 120% 150% 110% 100% 2005 2010 2015 2020 140% 2025 130% Growth Rate Forecasting for Production by sector and Consumption 120% EU-25 [EUROSTAT] Base 100: 2005 Consumption Total Production Construction Industry Agriculture Energy 110% 150% 100% 140% 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 130% 120% 110% 100% 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Maritime Demand Forecasting Consortium • 2005 - 2025 Ref Growth Factor Inputs • GDP • Port expansion plans Containers 262% Ro-Ro 106% Dry Bulk 41% General Cargo 24% • Exports / imports • OECD industrial performance Total 118% Growth Rate Forecasting for GDP EU-25 [EUROSTAT] Base 100: 2005 GDP (2005 constant price) Share between Mediterranean Ports and Others 160% 150% 140% Scenario Med. Ports Other European ports 130% 120% 2005 Base year 24% 76% 110% 2025 Reference 27% 73% 100% 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Reference Scenario Network Consortium • Planned and committed projects at 3 levels • European • National • Regional • New and upgraded infrastructure • Rail Freight (127 projects) • Rail Passenger (140 projects) • Road (209 projects) • Inland waterways (11 projects) • Terminals Rail Freight Network (2025 Reference Scenario) SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Reference Scenario Policies (I) Consortium Policy Scenario year Action Motorways of the sea Freight intermodality and logistics Intermodal loading units (ILU) and freight integrators (Marco Polo Programme) 2020 2020 Modelling Reduce sea shipping waiting time at ports by 10%. Reduce cost at freight terminals by 30% viz: - fixed inventory (Euros/ton) - handling (Euro/m3) - storage (Euro/m3) Reduce waiting time at terminals by 10% Reduce travel time by 10% Road pricing (Eurovignette) for freight and passenger transportation 2020 SCOPE 2005 Vehicle charges per country (€/veh-km) SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Reference Scenario Policies (II) Consortium Policy Scenario year Action Adoption of common rules in rail sector to improve interoperability and enhance quality of services Liberalisation of transport markets and interoperability 2020 Modelling Reduce rail freight travel time by 10% Rail sector liberalisation -full separation between infrastructure and operations- 2020 International passengers services deregulation 2020 Reduce rail passenger travel cost by 5% (€/pax-km) Ports service liberalisation 2020 Reduce sea shipping costs (€/load) by 10 % Airport slots liberalisation 2020 Reduce tariffs for airport connections by 20% 2020 Reduce sea and IWW port waiting times by 10% Simplify Sea/IWW custom formalities SCOPE Reduce rail freight travel cost by 10% (€/ton-km) Reduce rail freight travel time by 10% 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Transport Costs Consortium • Transport operating cost heavily dependant on fuel cost • Operating cost calculation assumptions: • Road freight transport fuel prices grow at 50% of crude oil rate • IWW and Maritime Transport fuel prices grow at 80% of crude oil rate • Rail electric power price grows at 30% of average energy rate • Assumptions for crude oil and energy prices growth: • Base year for prices: 2000 (Trans-Tools) Freight Model Input Total freight transport cost growth 2000-2025 Road 18.6% Rail 1.7% IWW 21.5% Sea 16.9% • Future trends: World Bank (2008) and STEPs project (EC, 2006) SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS FERRMED Standards Implementation Consortium FERRMED Scenarios 1st Run FERRMED Scenarios 2nd Run 1. Signalling Included Included 2. Train Length Included Included 3. New terminals and expansion Included Included 4. Maximum Axle Load Included New lines 5. Width of the tracks UIC 1435 mm Included Included Included (Ref. Scenario) Included (Ref. Scenario) 7. Reliability and Quality Included Included 8. Loading gauge UIC C As in Reference scenario For Upgraded and New lines 9. Two Parallel lines in core FERRMED rail network Included when justified Included when justified 10. Increase of Freight train priority As in Reference scenario Selected lines 11. Slope limitation to 12 ‰ As in Reference scenario Included when needed to solve slope bottlenecks 12. Homogenisation of Power type As in Reference scenario Included Indirect Effect Indirect effect FERRMED Standard 6. Liberalisation of the rail freight market 13. Renewal of Rolling stock SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Inland Freight Modal Split Consortium Road Rail IWW 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 1. 2005 Base Year 12. 2025 Southern 3. 2020 Reference 7. 2025 Reference 9. 2025 Medium 11. 2025 Full Ports enhancement 2nd run 2nd run FERRMED 2 nd run FERRMED 2nd run 27% to 35% 13. 2025 Obj. achieved: RAIL 35% (>500Km) IWW 7,8% 8,5% 8,7% 8,7% 8,5% 8,6% 8,5% Rail 14,0% 14,2% 14,9% 16,1% 17,1% 17,1% 18,8% Road 78,2% 77,3% 76,4% 75,2% 74,4% 74,3% 72,7% (Measured in tonnes-km) SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Freight Modal Split Inland Long Distance (>500 km) Road Consortium Rail IWW 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 3. 2020 1. 2005 Base Reference 2nd Year Run 5. 2020 Medium FERRMED 7. 2025 Reference 2nd run 9. 2025 Medium FERRMED 2 11. 2025 Full FERRMED 2 nd run 12. 2025 13. 2025 Obj. Southern ports achieved: RAIL enhancement 35% (>500Km) IWW 19,6% 20,2% 19,8% 20,2% 19,9% 19,6% 19,9% 19,8% Rail Road 20,5% 59,9% 20,7% 59,1% 22,6% 57,7% 21,4% 58,4% 23,0% 57,1% 24,3% 56,1% 24,6% 55,6% 35,0% 45,1% (Measured in tonnes-km) SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS Freight Modal Split Inland Long Distance (>1000 km) Road Consortium Rail IWW 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 1. 2005 Base Year 3. 2020 5. 2020 7. 2025 Reference 2nd Medium Reference 2nd Run FERRMED 2nd run 9. 2025 Medium FERRMED 2 11. 2025 Full FERRMED 2 nd run 12. 2025 13. 2025 Obj. Southern ports achieved: RAIL enhancement 35% (>500Km) IWW 14,4% 15,1% 14,7% 15,5% 15,1% 14,7% 15,1% 14,7% Rail 24,1% 24,7% 26,4% 25,2% 26,4% 28,2% 28,9% 39,8% Road 61,5% 60,2% 58,9% 59,3% 58,5% 57,1% 56,0% 45,4% (Measured in tonnes-km) SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING CONCLUSIONS 2025 REFERENCE Scenario Rail Freight Traffic (trains/day) SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING Consortium CONCLUSIONS 2025 FULL FERRMED Scenario Rail Freight Traffic (trains/day) SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING Consortium CONCLUSIONS FERRMED: Reversing the trend (I) Consortium Inland Freight Transport Performance Billion ( 10 ) tonnes-km 1995 - 2005: EUROSTAT PocketBook 2005 - 2025: FERRMED Forecasting 3000 2500 1500 SCOPE 2005 SCENARIOS FORECASTING (12) 2025 Southern ports enhancement 27% to 35% (11) 2025 Full FERRMED 2nd run (1) 2005 Base Year (9) 2025 Medium FERRMED 2nd run (5) 2020 Medium FERRMED 2nd run (1) 2005 Base Year 2005 Total FULL Road FULL Rail FULL IWW FULL (3) 2020 Reference 2nd Run Total Ref. Road Ref. Rail Ref. IWW Ref. Total MEDIUM Road MEDIUM Rail MEDIUM IWW MEDIUM (1) 2005 Base Year Total Road Rail IWW 2000 0 1995 500 258 14.2% 221 15.5% (7) 2025 Ref. 2nd run Bottlenecks solution 1000 574 18.8% 524 17.1% 491 16.1% 453 14.9% (13) 2025 Obj. achieved: RAIL 35% (>500Km) 9 2000 CONCLUSIONS Consortium TECHNICAL ANALYSIS Contents Consortium • FERRMED Rail Network Definition • FERRMED Standards • Bottleneck analysis • Terminals • Costs • Recommendations • Conclusion FERRMED Rail Network Definition Consortium • Started with FERRMED Association Map • Line by line analysis - FERRMED Standards - Expert judgement • Optimal freight train routes selected • Lines not meeting criteria not retained The FERRMED Rail Network (2005) Consortium The FERRMED Rail Network (2025) Consortium Bottleneck Analysis Consortium • Theoretical capacity of each line calculated • Capacity compared with train traffic • Residual capacity determined • Bottlenecks identified based on : - residual capacity - relative capacity (track occupation) - variation of traffic intensity Bottleneck Locations Reference Scenario 2025 Consortium The 2005 Full FERRMED Rail Network Consortium The 2025 Full FERRMED Rail Network Consortium Evolution of the network Consortium Track gauge 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% Share 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Standard gauge Broad gauge 2005 Reference 2025 Reference Scenario 2025 Full Full Evolution of the network Consortium Infrastructure signalling 120% 100% 80% without block system manual block system automatic block system Share 60% 40% ERTMS 20% 0% 2005 Reference 2025 Reference Scenario Full Full 2025 Evolution of the network Consortium Max Train Length 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% Share 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% < 500m ≥ 500 and < 750m ≥ 750 and < 1000m ≥ 1000 and ≤ 1500m 2005 Reference 2025 Reference Scenario 2025 Full Full Costs up to 2025 by scenario Consortium 250 € 211 bn Ports & Terminals € 178 bn 200 Costs (€ bn) Automatic coupling 150 € 131 bn ERTMS Implementation Ferrmed Standards 100 Missing links Bottleneck solutions + Bypasses 50 0 MEDIUM FULL 2025 Scenarios FULL + Costs up to 2025 by scenario Consortium Recommendations Consortium 2025 Full scenario 60 Ports and Terminals 50 Train Length 40 Investment costs 30 (€ bn) 20 Bottlenecks solving ERTMS 10 0 Other missing links Loading gauge By-passes Automatic coupler Track gauge Tarragona-Castelló Electric reinforcement Electrification Noise protection barriers Axle load 0 1 2 Priority 3 4 Recommendations Consortium • To change the width of the tracks in Spain from the French border. • To develop the automatic coupler (tractive and compression efforts with wire data transmission) • To increase the freight train length : 1000 m 1500 m • To solve the detected bottlenecks and to build the Tarragona – Castelló new line. • To construct by-passes of major conurbations Outcomes Consortium • High performance parallel lines and almost dedicated lines according to passenger or freight traffic • Autocoupler & long trains with radio or wire data transmission • A rail network available for freight transportation 24 h / 24 and 7 days / 7 • Unified management and monitoring systems (ERTMS) Consortium ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS Introduction Consortium • Transport • critical to our economy but; • environmentally impacting Greenhouse Gas Em issions (GHG)* by Sector, EU-27 (2006) Services , etc. 3.6% Househo lds 9.4% Other *** 15.7% Transpo rt 19.3% Source: DG TREN Pocketbook 2009 Energy Industrie s 30.9% Industry 21.0% Emissions Consortium • High level impact on emission levels analysed within the CBA • Emission factors derived from TREMOVE transport & emissions simulation model • Reduction in pollutants and CO2 assessed for Medium, Full / Full+ Reduction in Pollutant and Greenhouse Gas Emissions 2016 – 2045 (tonnes) FERRMED Medium Scenario FERRMED Full Scenario FERRMED Full+ Scenario 805,182 1,004,694 1,004,694 5,794 8,281 8,281 SO2 199,841 242,682 242,682 PM 27,558 35,013 35,013 CO2 128,099,118 145,410,934 145,410,934 NoX NMVOC CO2 Savings Consortium 2020 Full / Full+ FERRMED Scenario. CO2 reduction 3.173 CO Savings at Strategic Years 2 (Mt/yr) as % of Reference Scenario CO2 emissions 0.408% 2025 2035 2045 4.857 5.361 6.678 0.591% 0.623% 0.743% • Modest savings achieved in CO2 against trend of rising transport demand • Significant contribution towards Climate and Energy Package target (10% reduction) Consortium SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS Components of Socio-Economic Analysis Consortium 1. Cost-Benefit Analysis 2. Financial Analysis 3. Multi-Critera Analysis Socio-economic Analysis: Part 1 Consortium Cost-Benefit Analysis Objectives of the CBA Consortium • Identification and quantification of all possible monetarisable economic, social and environmental impacts as economic costs or benefits (cost savings) • Assessing project benefits against infrastructure investment and operating costs • CBA methodology for strategic assessment Origin of benefits by scenario and type Consortium Benefits: MFS / RS from reduced accidents 1.5% from reduced pollutant emissions 4.8% from reduced GHG emissions 1.1% Full FS from reduced travel / transport time 20.0% Medium FS Social discount rate: 3.5% Benefits: FFS / RS & WFFS / RS from reduced VOC 72.6% from reduced accidents 0.5% from reduced travel / transport time 57.4% from reduced pollutant emissions 2.5% from reduced GHG emissions 0.4% from reduced VOC 39.1% Origin of benefits by scenario and mode Consortium MFS FFS / F+FS 350 303 300 237 [bn EUR] 2005 prices 250 200 162 150 100 50 16 23 6 4 6 4 0 -5 -50 -5 -49 -100 rail passenger rail freight road passenger road freight IWW SSS CBA results Consortium Net Present Value – NPV (million Euro) Scenario Economic Internal Rate of Return – EIRR (%) Benefit / Cost Ratio – BCR MFS 10,780 4.97 1.155 FFS 93,783 11.09 1.993 F+FS 76,453 8.85 1.684 (*) social discount rate: 3.5% Net Present Value (NPV) Econom ic Internal Rate of Return (EIRR) 100'000 Benefit/Cost Ratio (BCR) 12 2.5 90'000 10 80'000 2.0 8 60'000 50'000 [-] 1.5 [%] [m EUR] 70'000 6 40'000 1.0 4 30'000 20'000 0.5 2 10'000 0 0 MFS FFS F+FS 0.0 MFS FFS F+FS MFS FFS F+FS Socio-economic Analysis: Part 2 Consortium Financial Analysis Objectives of Financial Analysis Consortium • Suitable financing sources for the different investment types and scenarios • Public versus private funding • Cash-flow calculation 2013-2025 • Break-down of total funding requirements of each FERRMED Scenario by main financing sources 2013-2025 Possible financing sources Consortium Source Railway infrastructure upgrad. ERTMS (couplg. +Spanish UIC g. roll. st.) (incl. noise prot. walls) National public entities EC EIB Private PPP inv. Comm. banks Σ 1 0 Rolling stock New rail lines Ports & terminals Electr. power upgrading Bottleneck invest ments By-passes 70 50 70 10 10 70 70 40 15 15 25 25 15 15 10 10 10 10 15 15 30 0 15 15 - - - 50 50 - - 20 - - - 20 20 - - 10 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 0 % 100 % 100 % Conclusions Consortium There is in Europe a widespread preparedness to finance rail projects to solve the increasing environmental and capacity problems of road transport . European rail corridors are co-financed by the EC only if the new European rules for rail transport are met. The investments foreseen for the FERRMED Great Axis Rail Network meet the funding rules of the EC. More than 50 % of the funds for the FERRMED Great Axis Rail Network) must come from national public sources. Up to 30 % of the total funds required can be expected to be co-financed by the EC and EIB. Financial contributions from private stakeholders should be taken into account based on pilot models of PPP rail projects in Europe. New financing instruments have been created on the EU level as a major step to support PPP projects. Consortium GENERAL CONCLUSIONS Rail Freight Traffic Consortium Growth (tonnes-km) between: Road Rail IWW Sea Total All Total Inland 2020 Reference/ 2020 Medium -1.8% 10.7% -0,5% -0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 2025 Reference/ 2025 Medium -1.4% 8.4% -1,0% -0.5% 0.1% -0.1% 2025 Reference/ 2025 Full -2.0% 15.6% -1,8% -0.8% 0.7% 0.2% Proposed Investments (Full FERRMED Scenario) Consortium • Bottlenecks solutions: 17.1 bn € • New lines: 16.4 bn € • City by-passes: 12.8 bn € • FERRMED standards: 56 bn € • ERTMS: 14.3 bn € 7.4 bn € • Automatic couplers: • Rolling stock: 630 mil € • Electric reinforcement: 724 mil € • Terminals (Ports + Inland): 51,7 bn € • Total: bn € 177.7 Priorities Consortium • Priority 1 measures: • Standard track gauge / Taragona-Castello new line / Solve bottlenecks (capacity) / Loading gauge (UIC B1 in existing, UIC C in new) / Automatic coupling system / Noise barriers • Priority 2 measures: • Reinforcement of electricity power / ERTMS / City by-passes / Missing links / Freight train length increase / Terminals • Priority 3 measures: • Electrification of remaining lines / Axle load increase Cost – Benefit Analysis & Financing Consortium • Full FERMED Scenario: • EIRR: 11.09% • BCR: 1.99 • The next step should be to establish a programme of priority projects. • Individual feasibility studies (project by project) are anyhow a prerequisite for financing of specific projects. • Discussions with International Financing Institutions should start in short-term. Legal – Policy Assessment Consortium • Lack of network capacity for rail freight: Regulatory and administrative reforms are needed. • Parallel lines for freight and passenger rail traffic. • Priority to city by-passes. • Set more fair priority rules. • Develop efficient and unified charging structure. • Achieve full liberalization. • Achieve free competition. • Establish freight “preference” corridors. • Management at corridor level should be examined. Consortium FERRMED PROPOSALS MAIN GENERAL CONCLUSIONS Consortium The application of FERRMED Standards is a key issue in order to reverse the decreasing share of Railway in land transportation. The proposed investment and actions in the FERRMED Great Axis Rail Freight Core Network and main feeders, are feasible and sustainable from economic, financial, and environmental perspective. As a consequence, FERRMED Association proposes the adoption of FERRMED Great Axis Core Network and main feeders as a part of the EU high priority Rail Freight Network, recommending the approval as Priority Projects of all actions to be developed in the Core Network CORE NETWORK Consortium MAIN GENERAL ACTIONS (I) Consortium Gradual Implementation of FERRMED Standards To built by-passes in big cities To reinforce border crossings in the Alps and in the Pyrenees (new crossing line in the Alps and change track width in conventional existing lines in the Pyrenees) To upgrade Spanish main corridors to UIC width (1435mm), starting by the Mediterranean one To consolidate an intermodal and polyvalent public/private network of terminals with appropriate rail links MAIN GENERAL ACTIONS (II) Consortium To enhance the capacity of all main European Ports improving the rail links with their hinterlands Policy and management harmonisation Liberalization and free competition To build new lines in the FERRMED Core Network, in the corridors where double line or interconnections links do not exist (Like Tarragona-Castelló and Almería-MotrilMálaga-Algeciras). FERRMED PROPOSALS Consortium These main general Conclusions and Actions derived from the Global Study, allows FERRMED Association to make a set of 100 proposals in order to get a suitable Rail freight Network in the “Red Banana” area. ACTIONS IN CORE NETWORK (V) Consortium FRANCE and SOUTH-EAST UNITED KINGDOM Core Network lines: London – Calais/Dunkerque – Lille – Metz – Dijon; Le Havre – Rouen – Amiens – Reims – Dijon; Le Havre – Rouen – Paris – Dijon; Luxembourg/Apach – Metz – Nancy – Dijon – Lyon – Valence – Avignon /Marseille – Nimes – Montpellier – Perpignan – Girona/Barcelona; Lyon – Torino/Milano To implement FERRMED Standards and to enlarge or to build high capacity Terminals By passes in Lille, Paris (Rocade Nord) and Lyon New mixed lines NimesMontpellier-Perpignan and Lyon-Torino To imporve the access to Le Havre and Marseille ports To refublish the line MarseilleMontgenèvre (long term) ACTIONS IN CORE NETWORK (VII) Consortium SPAIN AND NORTH OF AFRICA Core Network lines: Perpignan-Girona-Barcelona-Castelló-València-AlacantMurcia/Cartagena-Lorca-Almería-Motril-Málaga-Algeciras; Lorca-Granada-AntequeraBobadilla-Algeciras To change the widht of the tracks in all Mediterranean Corridor in the existing conventional line New HSL Tarragona-Castelló, València -Alacant-MurciaAlmeria (keeping the existing line Murcia-LorcaAlmendricos-Aguilas as a separate line from the new one). Double gauge in surroundings of huge cities ACTIONS IN CORE NETWORK (VIII) Consortium SPAIN AND NORTH OF AFRICA Core Network lines: Perpignan-Girona-Barcelona-Castelló-València-AlacantMurcia/Cartagena-Lorca-Almería-Motril-Málaga-Algeciras; Lorca-Granada-AntequeraBobadilla-Algeciras Great by-pass Girona Nord-Tarragona Sud Great by-pass Castelló-Xativa By-passes in Alacant, Murcia, Málaga, etc. New mixed line Almería- Motril-MálagaAlgeciras (HSL+freight) To electrify and to put double track in the line Alacant-Murcia/Cartagena-LorcaAguilas To refurbish and to change the widht of the tracks in the line Sevilla/AlgecirasBobadilla/Antequera-Granada-Almería To introduce FERRMED Standards and to enlarge/to built high capacity Terminals Study more suitable Gibraltar crossing ACTIONS IN CORE NETWORK (IX) Consortium Lines to be declared as EU Priority Projects FERRMED PROPOSAL Country Lines to be declared Priority Projects as EU Germany Line Bremen-Münster-Duisburg (to be included as an extension of corridor number 20). Line Koblenz-Luxembourg/Apach France Line Calais/Dunkerque-Lille-MetzDijon Line Le Havre-Amiens-ReimsDijon Spain (Mediterranean corridor) Line Tarragona-Castelló-ValènciaAlacant-Murcia/CartagenaAlmería-Motril-Málaga-Algeciras Line Lorca-Granada-Antequera FERRMED ASBL Consortium Muchas gracias por su atención