Transcript National Development Planning Agency Republic of Indonesia Dr. Suprayoga Hadi ([email protected]) Director for Special Area and Disadvantaged Region, National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS), Republic.

National Development Planning Agency
Republic of Indonesia
Dr. Suprayoga Hadi ([email protected])
Director for Special Area and Disadvantaged Region, National Development Planning Agency
(BAPPENAS), Republic of Indonesia
National Project Director of Safer Communities through Disaster Risk Reduction in Development
(SCDRR), a cooperation between Government of Indonesia and UNDP
2nd Session of Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction
Geneva, Switzerland, 16-19 June 2009
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With Indonesia’s more than 18,000 islands along the Pacific “ring of fire” of active
volcanoes and tectonic faults, the recent disaster is a reminder of the natural perils
facing this expansive archipelago
Consist of approx. 224 million inhabitants, disproportionately distributed,
comprises a mix ethnicities, community groups, religious denominations, customs
and traditions
Flood and landslides also very common in the forest fringe areas in the rainy
season with number of causalities and damaged settlements (N Sumatra,
Kalimantan, Central and East Java, and Sulawesi)
Most of the main river banks are crowded with low-income squatter with high
population density, increasing uncontrolled sedimentation
383 out of 483 districts/cities are disaster prone areas, for the reason of high
number of population, high density areas with unevenly population distribution,
high income disparity, increasing percentage of building coverage at urban and
settlement area, decreasing water and sanitation quality
Early warning system is not ready available and ready to lowering the risk and
impact in the prone areas of disasters, such as earthquake, landslides, and drought
Implementation of spatial plan for land use management were somewhat
inconsistent and contributed to the high risk of natural disaster .
The policy, legal or regulatory framework is not fully in place that makes disaster
risk reduction a normal part of the decentralized, local level development process.
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 130 Active volcanoes  potency to volcanic hazards
Recent Earthquake in Indonesia


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
Yogyakarta-Central Java, June 2006
Bengkulu-West Sumatera, September 2007
Gorontalo-Central Sulawesi, December 2008
West Papua, January 2009
 Tsunami
Recent tsunami in Indonesia
Year
Location
No of casualty (people)
1992
Flores Tsunami
1,950
1994
East Java Tsunami
238
1996
Irian Jaya Tsunami
110
2004
Indian Ocean Tsunami
283,000
2006
West Java Tsunami
645
 Floods:
 Natural Factor (topography, high tide, rainfall)
 Man-made Factor (change in land use, squatter area in river banks, decrease
in river capacities affected by the pile of garbage and lack of maintenance,
increase of sedimentation rate, etc)
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Number of
Events
No of people
Killed
Total Affected
Damage (in
million IDR)
Drought
960
55
1,486,774
804,700
Landslide
537
1,362
174,559
12,898,493,867
1,503
940
1,816,582
35,630,969,024
Flood and landslide
89
773
367,578
5,611,029,423
Wave / Sea Level Rise
64
4
18,553
385,320
Wild fires
37
8
1,690
10,500
407
83
137,952
2,503,676,718
3,597
3,225
4,003,688
56,645,369,552
Flood
Wind storm
TOTAL
Source: DIBI, 2009
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1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
Law No 24 year 2007 on Disaster Management
Law No 26 year 2007 on Spatial Planning
Law No 27year 2007 on Small Islands and Coastal Management
Government Regulation (GR) No 21/2008 on DM Operations, GR No
22/2008 on Funding & Management of Disaster Assistance, GR No 23/2008
on Participation of International Institutions and Foreign Non-Government
Institution in DM
GR No 26 / 2008 on National Spatial Planning
Presidential Regulation No 8 / 2008 on NDMA (BNPB)
Presidential Regulation Nr 46 / 2008 on National Council for Climate
Change
Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation No 46/2008 on BPBD Organization
and Works Mechanism
Head of BNPB Regulation No 3/ 2008 on BPBD
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Establishment of BNPB
Establishment of BPBD in a number of provincial and district / city levels
Establishment on National Platform on DRR
Establishment of National Council for Climate Change
Establishment of Mitigation Forum (led by Min of Marine & Fisheries)
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6.
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8.
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

Long-term Development Planning (RPJP) 2005 – 2025:
RPJP 2005 – 2025 has identified CC as a critical challenge to Indonesia. Under the
Development Direction: Terwujudnya Indonesia yang Asri dan Lestari (Everlasting
Indonesia), the Plan highlights the various disasters caused by extreme climatic events
in Indonesia, including the recent floods and droughts that have brought about heavy
losses to national economy
Mainstreaming CC and DRR into RPJMN 2005 – 2009 :
 Natural Resources Protection and Conservation, with main activities including :
(1) Review of policies on natural resource protection and conservation
(2) Protection of natural resources against uncontrolled exploitation
(3) Protection against forest fires
(4) Management and protection of biodiversity against extinction, on land, coasts
and sea.
(5) Partnership building with universities, local communities, NGO and private
sector for the protection and conservation of natural resources
(6) Spatial planning and zoning for the protection of natural resources, especially
in areas prone to tectonic earthquakes, tsunami, floods, drought and other
hazards.
 Program to Develop Capacity in Natural Resources and Environmental
Management
 Program to Improve Quality and Access of Information on Natural Resources and
Environment
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Policy
National Priority
Focus
Presidential
Regulation No. 19 /
2006 on Annual
Government Work
Plan (RKP)for 2007
Priority VII:
Disaster Mitigation and
Management
Focus 3:
Institutional Strengthening for the
Disaster Prevention and Management at
the National and Local Level
Focus 4: Disaster Prevention and Disaster risk
reduction
Presidential
Regulation No. 18 /
2007 on Annual
Government Work
Plan (RKP)for 2008
Priority VIII:
Disaster Management, Disaster
Risk Reduction, and
Improvement of Contagious
Disease Eradication
Focus 2:
Presidential
Regulation No. 38 /
2008 on Annual
Government Work
Plan (RPK) for 2009
Priority II:
Acceleration of Economic
Development through
Fortification of Economic
Resilience Supported by
Agriculture Development
Focus 5:
Elaboration of the national action plan
for disaster risk reduction
Focus 3: Development of institutional and human
resource capacity in disaster mitigation
and early warning system
Focus 4: National and local spatial planning based
on disaster risk reduction
Strengthening Capacity in Global
Climate Change Mitigation and
Adaptation
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 LAW on DM No.
24 / 2007
 PP 21/2008 on
DM Arrangement
 PP 22/2008 on DM
Financing




Changing paradigm in DM:
National and Local Plan for DM
National and Local Action Plan for DRR
Funding Arrangement for DM:
- National Budget
- Local Budget
- Private sectors and/or community
- International Donors and NGOs
 PP 21/2008 on DM
External Supports
 Presidential
Regulation (Perpres)
No 8 / 2008 on the
establishment of
National Disaster
Management Agency
(BNPB)
 Ministry of Home Affairs Decree
(Permendagri) No 46/2008 on the
establishment of Local Disaster
Management Board (BPBD)
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Initiative Rights from Councils
Involve multi
stakeholders in DRR
activity
National Action Plan
for DRR (NAP-DRR)
(2006 – 2009)
 Government Annual
Plans (RKPs)
2007, 2008 & 2009
DM Law 24/2007
DM Plan 2010-2014
& NAP-DRR
2010-2012
Long –term
Development Plan
(RPJP) 2005 - 2025
Involve multi
stakeholders the
preparation of the
plan
Mid–term
Development Plan
(RPJM)2010- 2014
 Government Annual Plans (RKPs)
2010, 2011, etc
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PP 22/2008 on DM Financing
Funding Resources :
 APBN (Nat’l budget)
 APBD (local budget)
 Community
Pre-Disaster
Emergency Response
In situation of non-occurrence of disaster:
 Facilitation of DM Planning formulation
 DRR Programming
 Disaster prevention programming
 Integration of development planning with
DM planning
 Facilitation of implementation and
enforcement of spatial planning
 Formulation of DR Analysis
 Implementation of DM Education and
Training
 Formulation of technical standards for DM
Post Disaster
In situation of potential occurrence of
disaster:
 Preparedness activity
 Development of Early Warning System
 Disaster mitigation activities
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Preparedness / Risk Reduction
(Pre-disaster)
Mapping prone
areas
(earthquake, land
sliding, flood,
volcanoes,
weather disaster)
Developing Early
Warning System
(EWS) in prone areas
(including
dissemination EWS
to community)
Community
awareness for
disaster
preparedness
Capacity building to
institutions for
disaster management
(coordination &
immediate response)
Responsible parties
Line Ministries/
Sectoral Budgets
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Sectoral
Annual
Work
Plan
Sectoral
Budgetin
g Plan
Detail of
National
Budget
NAPDRR
National
Mediumterm Plan
Gov’t
Annual
Work
Plan
Annual
Budget
Plan
National
Annual
Budget
Prov/Loca
l Longterm Plan
Prov/Loc
alMediu
m-term
Plan
LG
Annual
Work
Plan
Prov/Local
Annual
Budget
Plan
Prov/Loc
al
Annual
Budget
LG
sectoral
Annual
Work
Plan
Rprov/Loc
al Sectoral
Budget
Plan
Detail of
Prov/Loc
al Budget
LAPDRR
Prov/Loc
al Sectoral
Med-term
Plan
Provincial/Local
Government
National
Long-term
Plan
Central
Government
Nat’l
Sectoral
Mediumterm Plan
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DISTRICT
PROVINCIAL
NATIONAL
LONG-TERM
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
(RPJP – RTRW)
RPJP
NATIONAL
MID-TERM
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
(RPJM – RPB)
SECTORAL
STRATEGIC PLAN
DRR ACTION PLAN
RPJM
NATIONAL
ANNUAL
GOVERNMENT
WORK PLAN
RKP NATIONAL
RENSTRA K/L
RTRW
NATIONAL
NATIONAL DM
PLAN
RPJP
PROVINCE
RPJM
PROVINCE
RTRW
PROVINCE
DM PLAN
PROVINCE
RPJP
DISTRICT/
CITY
RPJM
DISTRICT
RTRW
DISTRICT /
CITY
DM PLAN
DISTRICT /
CITY
NAP DRR
RENJA K/L
RKPD PROV
RENSTRA
SKPD PROV
LAP DRR PROV
RENJA
SKPD PRO
RKPD CITY /
DISTRICTT
RENSTRA
SKPD K/K
LAP DRR
CITY/
DISTRICT
RENJA
SKPD K/K
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13
No
1
2
3
Focus
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for post-tsunami in
NAD Province dan Nias North Sumatera
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for post disaster in
Alor-Nabire, DI Yogyakarta and Central Java, and other
disaster areas
Institutional Strengthening in Disaster Management at
central and local levels (Early Warning System and
mitigation)
Budget 2007
(Rp Billion)
Budget 2008
(Rp Billion)
9.710,6
6.727,2
287,8
648,2
49,8
1.028,7
4
Disaster Risk Reduction
94,0
127,3
5
Capacity Building and Community Preparedness in
Disaster Management
78,0
0
6
DRR Mainstreaming in spatial plan
0
277,0
7
Avian Flu Eradication
0
604,3
10.220,1
9.412,7
221,8
1.433,0
Total
DRR related Budget Allocation
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No
Program
Budget (Rp
Billion)
Line Ministry
1
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction post tsunami in
NAD Province and Nias Island
2
Development Program for HRD in Meteorology and
Geophysical Sector
3
Research and Development Program
4
Conservation Program for Water Resources
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Bakosurtanal
5
Diffusion and Utilization of Technology & Science
50
Ministry of Research and
Technology
6
Health Development Program
7
Capacity Development Program for Research and
Technology in Production System
8
Assistance Program for Social Sector
9
Recovery Program for disaster affected areas
Total
969,42
100,15
5
600
15
519,03
83,25
MoPW, MOHA, MoT,
Kemeng PDT
BMG
LAPAN
Ministry of Health
BPPT
Ministry of Social Affairs,
BPLS
Bakornas PB
2.358,85
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 Based on the DM Law and Government Regulation No 22 / 2008, the DRR
financing resources are from:
 Government (National & Local)
 Community / Private
 Donors
 The Government allocates the budget based on the RPJM and RKP
(Government Annual Works Plan) as indicated on the previous slides.
 The specific national budget for climate change was allocated in the RKP
2009 (in Priority no 2 – Focus 5), while in the past, the government
activities targeting for CC were embedded into regular development
programs with no specific national budget allocated to CC.
 The Climate change financial scheme will apply the rules and procedures
under UNFCCC and ODA financing mechanism, and aligns with GOI
general financing policies.
 For external funding, Indonesia prioritizes grant utilization to finance CC
programming which is from bilateral or multilateral donors
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No
RKP
Priority Activity
Budget (IDR,
Million)
1
2007
DRR , incl. Capacity building and community
preparedness for DM
221.80
2
2008
1. Implementation of NAP DRR;
2. Institutional strengthening in DM (EWS and
disaster mitigation); and
3. DRR mainstreaming into spatial planning
1,433.00
3
2009
Focus 5: Strengthening and development in
1,736.40
Global CC Mitigation and Adaptation
(undertaken by various line ministries, such as
Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Marine and
Fisheries, Ministry of PW, Ministry of Forestry,
State Ministry of Environment, BMKG, MoHA,
Bakosurtanal & BNPB)
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IDR. Million
HFA
Priority 1
Priority 2
Priority 3
Priority 4
Priority 5
NATIONAL ACTION PLAN IN DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION CORE PROGRAM
Disaster risk reduction as a national and regional priority as
well as institutional strengthening
Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance
early warning
use of knowledge, innovation and education to build a
culture of safety and resilience
Reduction of underlying disaster risk factors
Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at
all levels
Total
Proposed Budget
2007
2008
2009
Total
Proposed
Budget Allocated
2007
2008
2009
Total Allocated
2,290.00
2,131.26
3,186.18
7,607.44
76,650.21
65,460.54 120,075.63
262,186.38
79,108.04
62,306.34
66,605.76 208,020.14
85,218.99
79,781.70
74,970.92
239,971.61
2,199.40
2,502.10
3,649.33
8,350.83
19,497.31
30,564.36
16,201.70
66,263.37
127,385.95
93,161.39
47,855.41 268,402.75
127,385.94
93,796.09
47,855.41
269,037.44
138,564.15
128,177.11
38,867.50 305,608.76 2,176,622.12
518,235.08 441,735.78 3,136,592.98
349,547.54
288,278.20 160,164.18 797,989.92 2,485,374.57
787,837.77 700,839.44 3,974,051.78
Data compilation as per Feb. 2009
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 Multilateral and Bilateral Loans/Grants on DRR in supporting:
1. Institutional and Regulatory development at national and local
levels;
2. Revitalization of Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Areas
3. Conservation critical upstream watershed areas
3. Poverty reduction programs
4. Community Development Programs (livelihoods, settlement
infrastructure program)
5. Development and strengthening on Early Warning System
(including strengthening multi sector and multi stakeholder
coordination and cooperation within early warning chain)
6. Infrastructure development (incl. regulation and building
standards)
7. Strengthening BMG on Climate and Weather Services Capacity
8. DRR Education and Training Program
9. Raising Public Awareness
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IDR. Million
HFA
Priority 1
Priority 2
Priority 3
Priority 4
Priority 5
NATIONAL ACTION PLAN IN DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION CORE PROGRAM
Disaster risk reduction as a national and regional
priority as well as institutional strengthening
Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and
enhance early warning
Use of knowledge, innovation and education to build
a culture of safety and resilience
Reduction of underlying disaster risk factors
Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective
response at all levels
TOTAL
Budget
2008
2007
Total Budget
2009
Actual Allocation
2008
2007
Total Allocation
2009
-
3,000.00
-
3,000.00
212,587.22
25,314.18
73,901.07
311,802.47
-
16,500.00
-
16,500.00
2,500.00
34,015.30
36,450.00
72,965.30
7,400.00
4,630.00
5,940.00
17,970.00
33,600.00
34,630.00
59,400.00
127,630.00
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,000.00
18,771.73
-
20,771.73
182,441.14
22,522.30
9,400.00
42,901.73
5,940.00
58,241.73
431,128.36
116,481.78
169,751.07
204,963.44
717,361.21
Note:
1.Data collection Jan - Feb 2009
2.Most of the programs are multi years. The budget allocation is recorded at the first year of the program
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Donors Contribution to DM System

Pre-disaster phase:




During disaster





strengthen local and national capacities, to effectively prevent, mitigate, prepare for,
respond to and recover from disasters;
support and promote the effective implementation of legal and regulatory instruments
for disaster risk reduction and disaster management and
support dialogue and coordination between agencies and institutions at all levels to
prepare for effective disaster risk management.
making use of disaster response capacities, and taking into account the responsibilities
assigned under the ongoing humanitarian reform process and where national
capacities are exceeded
support Government efforts to provide emergency humanitarian assistance to disaster
affected populations
conduct needs assessments
share information and assist Government in coordination of the disaster response
Post-disaster phase

making use of pre-existing frameworks for cooperation, and taking into account the
Millennium Development Goals and the Hyogo Framework for Action and support
national efforts to help communities effectively recover from the impact of disaster
and to promote sustainable development
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 Shifting the paradigm mandated in the DM law No 24/2007 enhances
the participation form non-government multi stakeholders, mainly
international community and NGOs in the DM and DRR activities;
 Indonesia experiences in recent disasters (Aceh & Yogya) implies to:
 generate government in the acceleration of the finalization and
implementation of DM and DRR regulatory and institutional
frameworks;
 enhance the awareness of people in the importance of DRR;
 attract international communities in supporting government in the
promoting DRR;
 Commitment and support from international communities and donors
significantly provide advocacy policy frameworks and generate the
implementation of mainstreaming DRR into sustainable development,
such as Program SCDRR supported by DFID and UNDP, GFDRR by
the World Bank, AusAID, JICA etc.
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 Develop the derivation from the DM Law in line with the mainstreaming
DRR into sustainable development;
 Integrate and synergize strategies adopted by each sectors into a holistic
approach of DRR in the development;
 Strengthen capacity of government institutions and apparatus in the DM and
DRR aspects;
 Improve public awareness through campaign, simulation drill, etc
 Introduce DRR Sensitivity Planning Approach as the bottom up development
planning and budgeting approach starting at village levels;
 Formulate policy recommendation and strategy for the implementation of
CBDRM, that currently implemented fragmentary by NGOs at sub-district
and village levels;
 Shift the international donors and community on the DRR implementation
from ‘favorable areas’ (Aceh & Yogya) to other prone disaster areas;
 Formulate sustainable tools to link from rehabilitation and reconstruction
stage to DRR and mitigation efforts, as well as integrate DRR and Climate
Change (NAP-DRR and NAPA).
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