Transcript Hungarian Central Statistical Office Foreign Trade Statistics Department Implementation of the new recommendations of IMTS 2010 and MSITS 2010 in Hungary Challenges Anita Bány.

Hungarian Central Statistical
Office Foreign Trade Statistics
Department
Implementation of the new recommendations of
IMTS 2010 and MSITS 2010
in Hungary
Challenges
Anita Bány
Things to talk about

Hungary in the world trade
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Institutional arrangements

What are the main challenges?
IMTS
MSITS
Hungary in the world trade
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Share in total export
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Annual growth rate
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Concentration by products and
partners
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Role of multinational enterprises
EXPORT
IMPORT
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
Percent (previous year = 100)
External trade, 1992 - 2009
140%
120%
100%
80%
60%
Commodity pattern of
external trade, 1996-2009
Imports
100%
80%
Exports
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
1996
Machinery and transport
Fuels, electric energy
Crude materials
2009
Manufactured goods
Food, beverages, tobacco
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1996
2009
M achinery and transport
M anufactured goods
F ood, bev erages, tobacco
F uels, electric energy
C rude materials
External trade by types of
transactions 1996 – 2009
Imports
100%
Exports
80%
60%
100%
40%
80%
20%
0%
60%
1996
2009
General turnover of goods
Processing
40%
20%
0%
1996
2009
General turnover of goods
Processing
Concentration by main
traders
Imports, 1996
Exports, 1996
Other
51%
Main
traders
49%
Main
traders
44%
Other
56%
Imports, 2009
Exports, 2009
Other
40%
Main
traders
60%
Other
46%
Main
traders
54%
Concentration by partners
Exports, 1996
Imports, 1996
Italy
7%
Russia
5%
France
4%
Italy
7%
Russia
11%
Other
countries
40%
Austria
11%
Austria
11%
Other
countries
39%
Germany
34%
Germany
27%
Exports, 2009
Imports, 2009
China
8%
Austria
8%
Russia
9%
Germany
31%
United
Kingdom
4%
United
Kingdom
7%
Netherlands
6%
Romania
6%
France
7%
Other
countries
38%
Italy
7%
Germany
32%
Other
countries
41%
Institutional background
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HCSO’s responsibility for the
compilation of trade in goods and
services statistics
Institutional arrangements
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National Bank of Hungary
Tax Authority
Custom Authority
Financial Supervisory Authority (ITS/insurance
services)
Institutional arrangements:
National Bank of Hungary,
since 2002
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Goods: In 2003 payment data were
replaced by data from the Custom Authority
Services: In 2005 switching from ITRS to
direct reporting (quarterly data collection),
Annual working plan:
 Schedule on the introduction of new recommendation of
BPM6
 Consistent treatment of multinational enterprises
 Joint forum in order to enforce the statistical needs with the
Tax Authority
 Register building of SPE’s
Institutional arrangements:
Tax Authority, since 2004
Use of tax data (VAT, VIES, corporate income tax):

Sample selection
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Data validation
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Consistency checks
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Estimation (Intrastat/traders under the reporting
threshold; ITS/construction in Hungary)

Data transmission - government services
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Problems:
 No consultation before any modifications on declarations,
 Insufficient contact information of VAT registrations
Institutional arrangements:
Custom Authority, since 2003

Goods: Individual data on trade with third countries according
to the Single Administration Document (SAD)

Services: Custom revenues levied for the EU (25% due to
Hungary)
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Problems: Statistical requirements can not be fully attained
(Custom simplifications)
Overlapping issues IMTS,
MSITS 2010

Processing

Merchanting
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Specific movements of goods
Financial leasing – operational leasing
Processing 1.
Inward processing – processor is in country A, owner of the
goods is in other country
Goods
crosses
A’s
border
1. Yes, export
2. Yes, import
Material
acquired in country A
(resident-non
resident/non residentnon resident
transaction)
acquired in country B
Finished goods Processing Processing
fee
to be
identified
sold in country B
sold in country A
(resident-non
resident/non residentnon resident
transaction)
Fee paid by
country C
Fee paid by
country C
NO
- FTS
- Export (finished
goods)
-country B
YES
- FTS
- Import (material)
- country B
Processing 2.
Outward processing – owner of the goods is in country A,
processor is in other country
Goods
crosses A’s
border
3. Yes, import
Material
acquired in
country B
Finished
goods
sold in country A
(resident-non
resident/residentresident
transaction)
Processing
fee
Processing
to be
identified
Fee paid to
country C
NO
- FTS
- Import (finished
goods)
- country C
4. Yes, export
From country A
delivered to
country B
sold in country C
Fee paid to
country B
YES
- FTS
- Export (material)
- country B
5. No
acquired in
country B
sold in country C
Fee paid to
country D
ITS data collection
Processing 3.
FTS is incomplete:

? Data sources:
 FTS (country information on processing fee, one leg transactions)
 ITS (CN) or both
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? Transaction codes
? Evaluation of data (complex cases – multi-stage processing
more resident companies, VAT registrations involved).
? Backcasting of time series
? Valuation problems (VAT registrations, high technology
goods)
? Adjustments for national accounts, BOP (holding gains and
losses, overheads – inward processing)
? Additional information:
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SBS
VAT
Corporate income tax
Balance sheets
Merchanting
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Merchanting is collected on quarterly basis in ITS
data collection
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Better coverage in DR than in ITRS
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Data sources: VAT, VIES
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Definition in BPM6 (new element according to
paragraph 10.48)
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Adjustments for BOP, NA

? new codes, data at CN level, monthly, quarterly
data needs
Specific movements of goods,
financial leasing – operational
leasing
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Reconciliation exercises in intra EU trade (big discrepancies):
 country A (producer of the ship/aircraft) records trade in
goods exports with country B
 country B (operator, lessee) records trade in services
imports with country C (lessor)
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What kind of transactions are recorded between country A and
country C?
Harmonised guidlines are needed
Integrated approach: involvement of trade in goods, trade in
services, BOP, national accounts
Exchange of information
Case studies (different leasing arrangements within a
company)
Main challenges, MSITS
2010
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The content of these services has changed a lot:
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Difficult to interprete how to report
Data sources:
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Charges for the use of intellectual property
Research and development services
Computer services
Audiovisual services
FTS
Capital account of BOP
Balance sheets
Information from the Patent Office
R&D data collection in HCSO
Problem: Services between affiliated enterprises (imports)
Special Purpose Entities
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The treatment of SPE’s is different in the
statistics of countries
Proposal - Task Force dealing with the
multinationals of GNI Committee of Eurostat
? ITS, national accounts
Services that are traded (?) by these entities:
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R&D
Royalties and licence fees
Operational leasing
Merchanting
Their basic activity is invoicing and the main
purpose of their activity is tax reduction.
Thank you for your
attention!
[email protected]