Tropical Diabatic (Latent) Heating: Its Bi-Modal Ubiquity and Its MJO Signals Chidong Zhang and Samson Hagos RSMAS, University of Miami Schumacher et al.
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Tropical Diabatic (Latent) Heating: Its Bi-Modal Ubiquity and Its MJO Signals Chidong Zhang and Samson Hagos RSMAS, University of Miami Schumacher et al. (2007) TRMM Storm Height (30˚S-30˚N) Short and Naramura 2000 PDF of All Sounding Q1 Max Tao et al. 2009 Data: • Q1 from 8 field experiments – thermodynamic constraints +: in situ “ground truth” –: limited coverage, instrumental errors • LH from 4 TRMM algorithms (CSH, SLH, PRH, TRN) – cloud microphysics +: remote sensing, coverage –: “cloud model contamination”, retrieval assumptions • Q1 from 4 global reanalyses (NCEP1, NCEP2, ERA40, JRA25) – thermodynamic constraints +: observation input, coverage –: “parameterization contamination” SCSMEX NAME KWAJEX TWP-ICE LBA GATE MISMO TOGA COARE TOGA COARE Q1 Schumacher et al. (2007) Original Q1 Q1 REOF: Alexander et al. (1993) Tung et al. (1999) Lin and Arakawa (2000) Reconstructed Q1 using REOF1&2 K day-1 TOGA COARE Q1 Total REOF1+2 REOF1 REOF2 Zhang and Hagos 2009 Normalized Q1 All Q1 Zhang and Hagos 2009 Normalized Q1/QL Hagos et al 2009 d[<E(x,p)>, P(x,t)] d[E(x,p), P(x,t)] d[E(x,p), <P(x,t)>] Separation of Variable: Q(x,y,p,t) = Qˆ n ( p)Q˜ n (x, y,t) n1,2 (Peters and Bretherton 2006) MJO Signal of Latent Heating (without dynamical references) PC1 PC2 REOF 1 & 2 90˚E Total REOF 1 & 2 150˚E Total Lin et al. 2004 Jiang et al. 2009 Lau and Wu 2009 Mortia et al. 2006 OLR-derived MJO active phase Q1 Q1 [K/day] 1.00 0.50 0.10 0.01 -0.01 -0.10 -0.50 -1.00 18 12 6 0 -6 -12 -18 Q2 Q2 [K/day] Qv Anom Qv Anom [g/kg] Time-Height Cross Section of Moisture, Q1, Q2 from MISMO 18 12 6 0 -6 -12 -18 2006 Courtesy of M. Katsumata Summary 1. Vertical tilt of diabatic/latent heating in the MJO – Mixed results from different sources – Open issue 2. Large-scale low-level (“bottom-heavy”) heating – not negligible (as frequent and strong as stratiform-like, top heavy heating) – dynamical role 3. Ubiquity in REOF 1 & 2 in space and across datasets (soundings, TRMM, reanalyses) – Separation of variable – Bi-modal dominance => tri-modal heating => multi-modal circulation – Physical interpretation (cloud microphysics vs. large-scale dynamics)? – Predictable by theories? TRMM Storm Height (30˚S-30˚N) PDF of All Sounding Q1 Max Short and Naramura 2000