Groups in Process Decision Making Pitfalls, Foibles, and Techniques Stages of Group Development Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning Prof.
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Transcript Groups in Process Decision Making Pitfalls, Foibles, and Techniques Stages of Group Development Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning Prof.
Groups in Process
Decision Making Pitfalls,
Foibles, and Techniques
Stages of Group Development
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Adjourning
Prof. Nick Burnett, ComS 103, Sec. 1118
Groupthink--Irving Janis
Backdrop to Janis’ work--the Bay of Pigs
and the Cuban Missile Crisis
Characteristics of Groupthink--illusions of
invulnerability, unanimity, and group
morality; self-censorship, shared
stereotypes, screening of adverse
information
Prof. Nick Burnett, ComS 103, Sec. 1118
Solving Groupthink
Appoint a devil’s advocate
Leaders stay impartial
Allow second chance meetings
Invite comments from outside experts,
trusted associates
Subdivide tasks, then meet together
Divide planning and evaluation tasks
Prof. Nick Burnett, ComS 103, Sec. 1118
Brainstorming--Rules and Uses
Appropriate for inquiry, not all tasks
Rules
avoid negative feedback or evaluation
strive for quantity of ideas
strive for creativity
encourage piggybacking
Prof. Nick Burnett, ComS 103, Sec. 1118
Nominal Group Technique
Ideas are silently generated by individuals
Ideas are recorded publicly, round-robin
Each idea is discussed for clarification-criticism not allowed
Each member selects five, votes publicly
recorded, list is narrowed, decision is
reached
Prof. Nick Burnett, ComS 103, Sec. 1118
Traditional Problem Solving
Based on John Dewey’s Reflective
Thinking Model
Define the problem
Research and analyze the problem
Establish criteria for solutions
List possible alternative/solutions
Evaluate each alternative
Select the best alternative
Prof. Nick Burnett, ComS 103, Sec. 1118
Delphi Technique
No face-to-face meetings, useful for
conferences
Participant’s ideas are collected and
redistributed
Each member synthesizes ideas
Leader creates master list from
participants syntheses
Participants vote on issues in master list-return to leader
Prof. Nick Burnett, ComS 103, Sec. 1118