Transcript Design of CAP products and CAP applications (status report) Outline Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst  Public warnings  Special warnings  CAP products of DWD Using CAP  by.

Design of CAP products and
CAP applications (status report)
Outline
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst

Public warnings

Special warnings

CAP products of DWD
Using CAP

by DWD

by DWD customers
Design- and technical aspects

Benefits of CAP documents

Profiling

Open issues

Best practices (CAP and meteorology)
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst
Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) is a federal authority under the Federal Ministry of
Transport, Building and Urban Affairs, established in response to the Law on the
Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD Law).

DWD Law calls for "the issuance of official warnings of weather phenomena
that could become a danger for public safety and order".
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DWD operates a three-tiered warning management system (in time
dimension)
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it has five risk levels

warning management system is co-ordinated with disaster management of the
federal states, which in Germany are responsible for disaster management
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst
DWD likewise issues warnings
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to safeguard marine shipping and the sea coasts
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against extreme heat and UV radiation (Dep. Human Biometeorology)
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Aviation warnings (Dep. Aeronautical Meteorology)
DWD publishes a forest fire danger index (Dep. Agrometeorology)
Flood forecasting is the responsibility of the federal states where specific flood
response centres are operated. Their forecasts rely on the meteorological
information and forecasts supplied by DWD.
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst
The three levels of warning management system are:

Weekly Weather Hazard Forecast: following 2 to 7 days
probability of occurence of severe weather based on numerical models
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Severe Weather Watch: 48 - 6 h
hazardous weather phenomena is very likely; offered for regions
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Warning: ~ 12 - 0 h
for different weather phenomena
issued no more than 12 hours before the arrival of the warning event
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst
Geographical structures

rural districts (in vertical: 200m
steps), ca. 400 districts

great lakes (i.e. lake
Constance)
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some parts of rural districts (i.e.
seasides, mountain areas)
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst
Providing channels for warnings:
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dissemination via
Internet
fax-on-demand services
text messages (SMS)
e-mail
in specific cases, also by telephone
ftp server (for download by customers)
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general public is informed over the Internet (http://www.dwd.de)
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closed online user groups (i.e. FeWIS for fire brigades; SWIS for winter maintenance
service)
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voluntary support of radio and television companies (There is no obligation on radio stations to disseminate
the DWD's warnings on television and radio because there are no legal regulations applicable to this area.)
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst
Closed online user groups
SWIS (Road Weather Information System)
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provides support for winter maintenance service management
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delivers all warning information in special form for users

provides information about road conditions, forecasts of road conditions
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst
Closed online user groups
FeWIS (Weather Information System for Fire Brigades)
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targeted at the needs of professional fire services
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delivers a warning overview, a warning situation report, severe weather watches and
district-related warnings
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provides many other types of information (weather radar, satellite loops, supplementary
information about temperatures, precipitation, wind peaks, frost penetration depths,
snow depths, forecast texts)
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst
New service: optimized
visualisation of warning
situation
for mobile phones (left)
for websites of users
(right)
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst
Warning criteria
Weather phenomena
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same criteria for whole Germany
Violent gusts
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defined in collaboration with national authorities for disaster
management, based on evaluation of climate data
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Hurricane-force gusts
different warning levels
Extreme hurricane-force gusts
Severe thunderstorm
Intense heavy rainfall
Extremely intense heavy rainfall
Strong continuous rain
Extremely strong continuous rain
Heavy snowfall
Warning level
Expected weather conditions
Colour
Official warning of particularly
extreme and severe weather
Official severe weather
warning
Official warning of significant
weather
Official weather warning
No warning
Extremely dangerous weather conditions
Very dangerous weather conditions
Dark red /
violet
Red
Dangerous weather conditions
Ochre
Possibility of weather-related risks
No weather-related risks
Yellow
Blue
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Extremely heavy snowfall
Heavy snowdrifts
Black ice
Heavy thaw
Wind gusts
Storm gusts
Violent storm gusts
Thunderstorm
Heavy rainfall
Continuous rain
Snowfall
Snowdrifts
Slippery roads
Fog
Frost
Severe frost
Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
CAP products of DWD

Public warning products as CAP XML documents (format UTF-8, CAP version 1.2)
 Typical textbased warnings (format (ia5, txt)) are transformed into CAP version 1.2
 Up to 35.000 different products (depending on warning situation)
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Warning status of Germany as one CAP document AND
Warning status of Germany as one Zip-Container of different CAP documents
 published every 5 minutes
 Including geographic details of warning areas (e.g. polygons)
 an alternative product (including only geo-references) is scheduled

CAP aviation products
 Wind shear warning as CAP document
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Using CAP – by DWD (CAP warnings in GeoMapViewer)
Contextmenu
Visualization of CAP – File in GeoMapViewer
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Using CAP – by DWD (GeoWebservice: dwd_alert)
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Using CAP – by DWD customers (teletext)
Blue, yellow, ochre, red and dark red/violet points are controlled by CAP
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Using CAP – by MeteoAlarm
Plattform of the official
warnings of 33 National
Meteorological Services
Two steps (in near future):
 Export CAP warnings
 Import CAP Warnings
from member states
More than 1000 websites linking to meteoalarm.eu
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
MeteoAlarm: Parameter / Alert Types
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
MeteoAlarm: Relation between probabilities and CAP-certainty

Probabilities

< 5%
unlikely
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>30%
possible
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>60%
probable

CAP Profil MeteoAlarm only available in intern documents
More details: please contact MeteoAlarm
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Design and technical aspects
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Benefits of CAP documents

Validation and Profiling
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Open issues
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Best practices
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Benefits of CAP documents
CAP – a powerful format of alerts and warnings:
 Clear strukture
 Minimized „xml-overhead“
 Well-established international standard
Useful format not only of alerts and warnings
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Validation and profiling
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Validation against xml schema (e.g. OASIS (CAP-v1.2.xsd))
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Basic validation (independent of alerting scope)
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Weak restrictions for the content of most of xml tags
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Semanical checks are impossible (unable to check relations between content of different xml tags)
Profiling against own xml schema (https://werdis.dwd.de/conf/CAP-DWD-Profilv1.9.xsd, documentation: https://werdis.dwd.de/infos/legend_warnings_CAP.pdf)
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Based on official xml schema (OASIS, CAP-v1.2.xsd)
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Stronger restrictions for the content of relevant xml tags (e.g. basic type „string“ <-> enumeration
of strings)
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Semantical checks are impossible (unable to check relations between content of different xml
tags).
Profiling against a combination of official xml schema AND own „schematron
roles“
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„two step“-validation ( 1. step: validation against OASIS, CAP-v1.2.xsd,
2. step: check against own schematron roles)
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Semantical checks are possible.
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Schematron – ISO standard since 2006
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Open issues (Relation CAP / ISO 19xxx: Measure)

CAP:
units unsolved
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ISO19xxx:
range of values
(from .. to ..) and
thresholds (>.. or <..)
unsolved
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Open issues (Proposals)

Workaround (DWD /
MeteoAlarm)

Optional attribute:
„uom“ (unit of measure,
like ISO19XXX)
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Open issues (CAP: geographic Objects)

CAP:
Information about an area:
 Useful area definition
But:
 Bounding box
(unsupported)
 Altitude and ceiling
only in feet (not
compliant to German /
European law)
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Open issues (Proposals)

Workaround (DWD /
MeteoAlarm):
 Conversion into feet

Proposal:
optional attribute „uom“ (unit
of measure, like ISO19XXX)

compliant to current
CAP-schema
With optional attribute  e.g. meter
Without optional attribute  feet
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Design and technical aspects (best practices)

Best practices should be useful
 Recommendations for identifiers
 Recommendations for meteorological measurements
 Recommendations for profiling / validation
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Access to DWD-CAPs via „DWD basic information supply“

Access to FTP server (Registration required)
 http://www.dwd.de/gds
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Access to DWD-CAPs via „DWD basic information supply“
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Access to FTP server (Registration required)
 http://www.dwd.de/gds

CAP as part of supply
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Access to DWD-CAPs via WebWerdis

Access to WebWerdis (Registration not required)
 https://werdis.dwd.de
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Access to DWD-CAPs via WebWerdis

Access to WebWerdis (Registration not required)
 Products and additional documents (e.g. xml scheme, code lists, …)
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD
Thank you!
Petra Fechner, Dep. WV 11 (Basic Forecasts)
Siegfried Fechner, Dep. TI 15 (Systems and Operations)
Frankfurter Strasse 135
D-63067 Offenbach
Email: [email protected]
Fone.: +49 (69) 8062-2253
Fax:
+49 (69) 8062-2259
Email: [email protected]
Fone: +49 (69) 8062-2865
Fax:
+49 (69) 8062-3566
----------------------------------------------------------------------------MeteoAlarm
Dr. Michael Staudinger, Direktor
Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik
Hohe Warte 38
1190 Wien, Austria
Email: [email protected]
Fone: +43-1-36026 – 2001
www.meteoalarm.eu
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Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD