Transcript IMA Workshop (Minneapolis – 8-9 December 2006) “The Evolution of Mathematical Communication in the Age of Digital Libraries” Panel on Digital Libraries of Today Moderator:

IMA Workshop
(Minneapolis – 8-9 December 2006)
“The Evolution of Mathematical Communication
in the Age of Digital Libraries”
Panel on Digital Libraries of Today
Moderator: Edward A. Fox
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Thierry Bouche
Petr Sojka
Philippe Tondeur
Bernd Wegner
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Thierry Bouche
• Université de Grenoble I (France)
• UFR de Mathématiques
• Research focused on the study of hermitian
vector bundles over complex analytic manifolds,
specifically their sections and cohomology.
• Another subject of interest is Arakelov theory
such as developped by H. Gillet, Ch. Soulé or L.
Szpiro: I have published with A. Abbes a new
elementary and straightforward proof of the
arithmetic Riemann-Roch theorem formerly due
to Gillet and Soulé
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Petr Sojka
• MSc. (informatics) and Ph.D. (computational
linguistics) from Masaryk university in Brno,
Czech Republic, now assoc. professor.
• Member of Czech Digital Mathematics Library
(DML-CZ) team responsible for the IT
technologies chosen for the project (math OCR,
formats, information retrieval and search issues).
• For more try first hit of "Petr Sojka" on Google.
• DML-CZ: http://dml.muni.cz/documents.html
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Philippe Tondeur
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Retired 2002 as Director of Division of Mathematical Sciences at NSF. Previously, Chair of
the Department of Mathematics at U. Illinois in Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). Now, an
Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at UIUC (since 1968).
Ph.D. degree in Mathematics from the U. Zurich in 1961. Then a Research Fellow and
Lecturer at U. of Paris, Harvard, the U. of California at Berkeley and Wesleyan U.
Over 100 research articles and monographs, incl. 9 books, mainly on differential geometry,
esp. geometry of foliations and geometric applications of partial differential equations.
Approx. 200 invited lectures.
Current interests: mathematics and science research and education, library digitization,
science policy, institutional governance and leadership development.
Has been Visiting Professor at the Universities of Buenos Aires, Auckland (New Zealand),
Heidelberg, Rome, Santiago de Compostela (Spain), Leuven (Belgium), as well as at the
Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule in Zurich, the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris, the
Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in Bonn, Keio U. in Tokyo and Tohoku U. in Sendai.
Served as Editor and Managing Editor of the Illinois Journal of Mathematics.
Recipient of UIUC Award of Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching, and a SIAM Public
Service Award.
Recently served on and chaired the Board of Governors of the Institute for Mathematics and
its Applications (IMA) at U. Minneapolis.
Served on the National Advisory Council of the Statistical and Applied Mathematical
Sciences Institute (SAMSI) at the Research Triangle Park in North Carolina.
Member of the International Scientific Advisory Board of the Canadian Mathematics of
Information Technology and Complex Systems (MITACS) Centre of Excellence, and a
Trustee of the prospective Instituto Madrileno de Estudios Avanzadas-MATH (IMDEAMATH) in Madrid. Member of the U.S. National Committee on Mathematics of the National
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Research Council, and served as a member of the U.S. delegation to the ICM 2006.
Member of the Science Policy Committee of SIAM, as well as of MAA.
Bernd Wegner
• Full Professor of Mathematics
• Editor-in-chief of Zentralblatt MATH, the most comprehensive info service
in math, with Web access under EMIS (European Mathematical
Information Service)
• Member of the advisory board for MATHDI, on education in mathematics
• Scientific Coordinator of EMIS, math portal with an electronic library
• Leader of the TU-group for the EULER-project, a prototype for an
integrated access to Web-based mathematical documents, transitioning
to a regular Web service
• Scientific Director of the LIMES-project (Large Infrastructures in
Mathematics - Enhanced Services) to transform Zentralblatt MATH into
European cooperation with Web-based input structures
• Director of the ERAM-project (Electronic Research Archive in
Mathematics), to build up a digital archive of classical mathematics,
capturing the Jahrbuch ueber die Fortschritte
• Chairman of the Electronic Publishing Committee of EMS (European
Mathematical Society), member of the Database Committee of EMS
• Associated with project Euclid (Cornell), establishing a non-profit
(electronic) publication facility for mathematics
• Member of the board of IWI (Institute for Scientific Info, Osnabrueck)
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• Exploitation Manager of the European IST Project MOWGLI
Fox: Related Grants
• NSF Grant IRI-9116991: A User-Centered Database from the
Computer Science Literature, 9/15/91 - 2/28/95, PIs: E. Fox, D.
Hix L. Heath.
• NSF CISE Institutional Infrastructure (Education) Grant CDA9312611: Interactive Learning with a Digital Library in Computer
Science, 8/15/93 – 7/31/97, PIs: E. Fox, J. Lee, C. Shaffer, H.
Hartson, D. Barnette.
• U.S. Dept. of Education, FIPSE Program P116B61190: Improving
Graduate Education with a National Digital Library of Theses and
Dissertations, 9/1/96-8/31/99, PIs: E. Fox, J. Eaton, G. McMillan.
Cost sharing: SURA, Microsoft, Adobe
• NSF DUE-0121679: Computing and Information Technology
Interactive Digital Educational Library (CITIDEL), 9/1/2001 5/31/2005, PIs: Edward A. Fox. Co-PIs: JAN Lee, M. PerezQuinones, L. Cassel (Villanova), C. Lee Giles (Penn State), J.
Impagliazzo (Hofstra), D. Knox (College of NJ)
• NSF DUE-0532825: Personalization of Content: Bridging the gap
between NSDL and its users through the course website, 9/1/2005
- 8/31/2008, PIs: M. Perez-Quinones, E. Fox, L. Cassel, W. Fan 6
Fox: Related URLs
• Fox: http://fox.cs.vt.edu/
• Digital Library Research Lab: www.dlib.vt.edu/
• Networked Digital Library of Theses and
Dissertations: www.ndltd.org/
• National Science Digital Library: http://nsdl.org/
• PlanetMath: http://planetmath.org/
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09022003150851/ - Aaron Krowne 2003 thesis: An Architecture for
Collaborative Math and Science Digital Libraries,
• CITIDEL (NSDL CS collection): www.citidel.org/
• NSF Education Innovation: http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~csei/
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5S: A Formal Model for Digital Libraries
(see ACM TOIS April 2004)
Ss
Examples
Objectives
Streams
Text; video; audio; image
Describes properties of the DL content
such as encoding and language for
textual material or particular forms of
multimedia data
Structures Collection; catalog;
hypertext; document;
metadata
Specifies organizational aspects of the DL
content
Spaces
Measure; measurable,
topological, vector,
probabilistic
Defines logical and presentational views
of several DL components
Scenarios
Searching, browsing,
recommending
Details the behavior of DL services
Societies
Service managers,
learners, teachers, etc.
Defines managers, responsible for
running DL services; actors, that use
those services; and relationships among
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them
Infrastructure Services
Repository-Building
Creational
Preservational
Acquiring
Cataloging
Crawling (focused)
Describing
Digitizing
Federating
Harvesting
Purchasing
Submitting
Conserving
Converting
Copying/Replicating
Emulating
Renewing
Translating (format)
Add
Value
Annotating
Classifying
Clustering
Evaluating
Extracting
Indexing
Measuring
Publicizing
Rating
Reviewing (peer)
Surveying
Translating
(language)
Information
Satisfaction
Services
Browsing
Collaborating
Customizing
Filtering
Providing access
Recommending
Requesting
Searching
Visualizing
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Information Life Cycle
Authoring
Modifying
Using
Creating
Retention
/ Mining
Organizing
Indexing
Accessing
Filtering
Storing
Retrieving
Distributing
Networking
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LOCKSS
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Lots of copies keep stuff safe
Stanford (Vicky Reich)
Solves preservation replication problem
Initial content: journals
Emory (Martin Halbert, Aaron Krowne)
– Help deploy and adapt
– Help apply in other contexts
• NDLTD prototype for ETDs
(electronic theses and dissertations)
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OAI - Open Archives Initiative
• Advocacy for interoperability
• Standard for transferring metadata among
digital libraries
– Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (PMH)
• Simplicity
• Generality
• Extensibility
• Support for PMH => Open Archive (OA) 14
The World According to OAI
Service Providers
Discovery
Current
Awareness
Preservation
Data Providers
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For DL Information
• Magazine: www.dlib.org
• Conferences
– ECDL: www.ecdl2007.org
– ICADL: www.icadl.org
– JCDL: www.jcdl2007.org
• Associations
– ASIS&T DL SIG: www.asis.org/SIG/sigdl/
– IEEE TCDL: www.ieee-tcdl.org
– ACM SIGIR: www.acm.org/sigs/sigir/
• NSF: www.dli2.nsf.gov
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• Curriculum: http://curric.dlib.vt.edu/
DL Challenges
• Preservation - so people with trust DLs
• Scalability, sustainability, interoperability
• DL industry (in addition to Google, IBM, …)
– critical mass, covering libraries, archives,
museums, corporate info, govt info, personal
info - “quality WWW” integrating IR, HT, MM, ...
• Math and DLs (some dates)
– 1987: ETDs
– 1991: ACM DL
– 2001: CITIDEL
– 2003: PlanetMath
Panel Intro
• Questions, questions, questions !!!
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Please write notes and pass them to aisle and to front.
Please raise hand till I acknowledge you.
Please state name and affiliation, slowly.
Be brief as you ask a question.
• Theme: How does the state of the art in
today's digital libraries compare with digital
libraries in general?
• Challenge of supporting math content as
we do: information retrieval, blogging,
authoring, web display,…
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Initial Questions (Robert Miner) - 1
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Relative to your initial expectations, what are the areas where the digital
math library projects you are associated with have been most successful?
Least successful? How would you compare the success of digital math
libraries to digital library projects of similar scope in other areas? Do you
think that digital math libraries are currently viewed as successes by their
users? By the larger library institutions of which they are a part?
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Do your users have expectations for digital libraries that you have a hard
time meeting due to technological limitations in dealing with mathematical
content? Conversely, are there areas where you are able to provide users
with tools and services that take advantage of the mathematical nature of
your content that aren't generally available in other digital libraries? Are the
gaps in software support for mathematical content so severe that they limit
the usefulness and popularity of digital math libraries, or is it mostly a
question of mathematical content requiring extra time and effort in order to
achieve adequate quality and ease-of-use for end users? Which software
gaps are most serious for you, and how do you work around the problems
now?
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Initial Questions (Robert Miner) - 2
• Do your users have expectations for digital libraries that
you have a hard time meeting due to technological
limitations in dealing with mathematical content?
Conversely, are there areas where you are able to provide
users with tools and services that take advantage of the
mathematical nature of your content that aren't generally
available in other digital libraries? Are the gaps in software
support for mathematical content so severe that they limit
the usefulness and popularity of digital math libraries, or is
it mostly a question of mathematical content requiring extra
time and effort in order to achieve adequate quality and
ease-of-use for end users? Which software gaps are most
serious for you, and how do you work around the problems
now?
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Outline
• Introduction
• What we need in DLs
for math content
• What would be a
future version of
something like
Google Scholar, that
does math right
• Key challenges:
Searching
math
Browsing
math
Capturing
old math
Preserving
math
Detailed
linking
Personalization
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