Transcript Impact evaluation and the identification of effective gender policies and programmes Presented by: Sonali Khan Vice President.

Impact evaluation and the identification of
effective gender policies and programmes
Presented by:
Sonali Khan
Vice President
Breakthrough
Goal is to transform individual
attitudes and behaviour to
create social change.
We use the power of media,
pop culture and technology,
leadership development and
community mobilisation to
inspire people to take action
to ensure dignity and
justice.equality and justice.
What we do
• Issue focus:
– Domestic violence
– Early marriage
– Sex selective elimination
• Geographic reach:
– India – Haryana, Uttar
Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand
& Karnataka
– Adaptations in South
Africa,
Brazil,
China,
Malaysia,
Vietnam,
Bangladesh & Nepal
Breakthrough campaigns
Mann ke Manjeere
(2000)
Is this Justice? (2006-2007)
What kind of man are
you? (2005-2006)
Bell Bajao!
(2007- on going)
How we Breakthrough
The challenge of change
• Complex issues with multiple causal factors
• Change is not linear and easy
• Intersectional issues need intersectional solutions that
take into consideration how gender, sexuality, religion,
caste and class intersect
• Need for human rights approach
• Need structural solutions supported with solutions that
address deep cultural norms
• Prevention model needed
• Sustained effort and long term plans
• Need to achieve depth and scale
The challenge of evidence
• Inadequate investment on research on gender related
issues
• Sustainability of projects itself is difficult
• Taboo and stigma on issues makes data collection difficult
• Programmes have not been evaluated for impact
• Focus has been on out put and project results at most
• Research designs are not robust
RCT and social/norm change
• Establish a strong cause and effect relationship between the intervention
and relevant change for beneficiaries creating an evidence base to reform,
build support for, and scale-up programme
• Allowing for rigor through randomizing and using mixed methods for data
collection
• Determine the most cost-effective intervention
• This scalable cost effective model can be replicated used by organizations/
government to address the issue in other parts of the same state or other
states with a degree of contextualization
• Evidence generated can inform policy/program creation for a number of
external stakeholders such as governments, donors and civil society
organizations
Early marriage Bihar and Jharkhand
Understanding the issue of early marriage
Causes
Customs and traditions
Absence of supportive environment
Considering girls as burden
Impact
Health problems (anemia, infant and
maternal mortality, frequent
pregnancies)
Poor self-perception & self-valuation
Limited mobility
Lack of education
Disrupted education
Lack of information
Lack of livelihood
Unequal gender norms
Lack of action on part of administration
Limited freedom
Limited livelihood opportunities
Exposure to sexually transmitted
diseases
Exposure to violence
Entry point
Agency of
girls and
boys
Linking
Education
and
livelihood
Social
stigma
Sexual and
reproductive
health issues
Linking
Direct Intervention
by Breakthrough
Politics of
sexuality
Under
valuing of
girls and
women
Direct Intervention
by Breakthrough
Goal & expected outcome
• Overall goal is to “Contribute towards the reduction of
early marriage” through addressing direct and indirect
causes measured through direct and proxy indicators
• Increase in diversity of stakeholders engaged in addressing
the issue ranging from community at large to specific
stakeholders like youth, community based organizations,
government and policy makers, unlikely partners like
corporates and media
• Achieve scale by use of mass media interventions that
reach out directly to intended audiences
Intervention package
• Training Package: At the Block level, sensitizing and
training functionaries of NGO and CBOs who in turn will
work with communities and motivate them at the village
level by delivering key messages.
• Comm. Mobilization Package: At the Village Level, media
campaigns through video vans, comm. events, sharing
experiences and motivating them to adopt better practices
• Mass media: Through television, radio, print, ambient and
mobile
Measuring impact & outcome
Direct and proxy indicators.
• Highest level of schooling for the girl child
• Age at which marriage negotiations start for the girl
• Practice of saving for daughter's education
• Awareness on legal age of marriage and ill effects of early
marriage
• Awareness and level of access of schemes and incentives
• Family and community norms regarding marriage of girls
• Stigma and perceived level of abuse and harassment
related to late marriage
Attitude and behaviour change
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Duration (Time)
Change
Sex selective elimination (SSE) in
Haryana
Main causes for SSE
Social
Political
Economic
• Son preference
• Inheritance and carrying
forward the family
‘lineage’ / name
• Customs & rites
• Status and honor
• Devaluation of women
• Dowry
• Issues of agency, choice,
safety, security and
sexuality
• Coercive population policy
such as two child or small
family norms
• Ineffective
implementation of laws
• Lack of political will
• Disjointed legislation and
implementation
• Lack of coordination &
fragmented approach
• Child rearing costs
• Assets v/s Liabilities
• Costs related to marriage,
especially in the form of
dowry
• Lack of financial
independence for women
• Devaluation of women’s
work
• The market and the
proliferation of
technologies
Theory of change
Elimination of girl child through SSE leads to skewed sex ratio
Engagement with students and teachers change dominant gendered perceptions, attitudes and
behavior contributing to SSE
Attitudinal changes and heightened awareness of SSE among youth leads to intermediary behavioral
changes
Reflects a reduced likelihood of participating in, or supporting, SSE
Effects on gender inequality; recognition of labour , evils of dowry, as well as enforcement/promotion
of the social, cultural, and economic rights and entitlements like right to property
Sustained action to address the issue of SSE; increased recognition. Of women’s right will lead to
reduction in SSE
Goal and outcome
• Change dominant gendered perceptions, attitudes and
behaviors, which eventually contribute to SSE
• Mobilize communities and reach children school-based(13 –
17)
• Change in gender attitudes, heightened awareness of SSE
among the youth will lead to reduced likelihood of
participating in/supporting SSE,
• Broader impact
on gender inequity the rights and
aspirations of women and girls
School based intervention
• Teacher training and capacity building for mobilization
and education of youth on gender inequality,
empowerment of girls, and SSE.
• Establishment of Breakthrough youth clubs in schools and
organization with interactive awareness building
activities and events such as plays, puppet shows, poster
competitions and fairs involving both boys and girls
• Capacity building of youth champions to engage peers and
communities and ensure sustainability of the program
• Launch of a media and communications campaign using
innovative print, audio-visual and digital (online/cellphone based) media and online forums for youth
discussion
Attitude and behaviour change
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
Behavior
0.6
Attitudes
0.4
0.2
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
For Breakthrough
Sustainability
• Engage with the Government and other key stakeholders
• Build ownership and leadership among stakeholders –
traditional and new ones like corporates
• Develop capacities of key allies
• Work at scale and depth
• Create products that are contextual and easy to use
• Evidence based programming
Organizational learning
• Develop a culture of monitoring and evaluation within the
organization.
• Increase in rigor in programme planning and
implementation
• Linking result to activities clearly
• Research based on organizational need and geared
towards programme improvement
• Sustained for 4 years so expect to capture significant
trends
www.breakthrough.tv
www.bellbajao.org