Transcript Clouds and Web2.0 II: Case Study and Tutorial CTS08 Tutorial Hyatt Regency Irvine California May 19 2008 Geoffrey Fox, Marlon Pierce Community Grids Laboratory, School of.

Clouds and Web2.0
II: Case Study and Tutorial
CTS08 Tutorial
Hyatt Regency Irvine California
May 19 2008
Geoffrey Fox, Marlon Pierce
Community Grids Laboratory, School of informatics
Indiana University
http://www.infomall.org/multicore
[email protected], http://www.infomall.org
1
Polar Grid: A Web 2.0 Case Study
Using Microformats, GeoRSS, REST,
and KML
Slides from Yu Ma
More Detailed Information
• See Marie’s blog:
http://tethealla.blogspot.com/
• We use blogs in the lab extensively as lab
books.
PolarGrid Datasets
• A typical processed dataset consists of:
– One plain text header file describing the overall
system and metadata of the particular chunk of
measurements.
– Multiple JPG images processed from the
corresponding raw data.
– Collection timestamp and fundamental properties
such as waveform and transmitting (TX) /receiving
(RX) antenna IDs are embedded in file names.
• Images are processed by Kansas University’s
Matlab-based code, GOAP
Approaches
• Convert unstructured metadata description into
microformats.
• Construct a relational database to enable fast
and dynamic queries.
• Provide geographic annotation embedded into
web feeds that can be plotted by Google Maps
and Google Earth
• Technologies:
– GeoRSS: RSS syndication with geo-location
– Microformats: extensions to XHTML
Microformat Conversion
• Microformats capture “semantic” metadata
information in XHTML format.
• Principals for converted microformats:
– Simple: capture the most basic information unit.
– Reusable: capture shared features among data.
– Composable: when combined, can reflect more complex
relationships among data.
• Most of our microformat classes are prefixed with
“pg:” denoting the PolarGrid project namespace,
except when existing generic ones such as the geo
microformat are used.
How To Extend XHTML
• Use either <div> or <span> tags.
• Display of these tags can be controlled with
style sheets
• You can also dynamically control these with
JavaScript.
• Next generation of browsers will have built-in
support for well-known microformats such as
hCard.
Simple Example: Geo Format
<span class="geo"> <span
class="longitude">-2.193</span> <span
class="latitude">52.686</span> </span>
Polar Grid Microformat Examples
• Simple descriptions:
<span class="pg:radar-type">MCRDS</span>
• Measurements with unit:
<span class="pg:delay">
<span class="pg:value">2.5</span>
<span class="pg:unit">us</span>
</span>
Microformat Examples
• Identification for cross-references:
<span class="pg:waveform”>
<span class="pg:id">1</span>
</span>
• Commonly shared features: (e.g. both TX and RX
antennas record same kind of information)
<span class="pg:antenna"> <span class="pg:id">0</span> <span
class="pg:type">TX/RX</span> <span
class="pg:attenuation">0</span>
</span>
Microformat Examples
• Structured collections/Arrays:
<span class="pg:antenna-array"> <span class="pg:arraysize">2</span> <span class="pg:antenna”>
<span class="pg:id">0</span>
<span class="pg:type">TX</span>
<span class="pg:attenuation">0</span> </span> <span
class="pg:antenna”>
<span class="pg:id">1</span> <span
class="pg:type">TX</span> <span
class="pg:attenuation">0</span> </span>
</span>
Microformat Examples
• Complex objects: (e.g. spatial and temporal
information that uniquely defines a processed
data chunk)
<span class="pg:data-chunk"> <span
class="pg:name">Start/Stop</span> <span class="pg:utctimestamp">1202755351.892651</span> <span class="geo">
<span class="longitude">-2.193</span>
<span
class="latitude">52.686</span> </span>
</span>
GeoRSS-Simple Embedded Atom Feed
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/georss">
<title>PolarGrid Expedition</title>
<id>tag:pg3.ucs.indiana.edu,2008:polargrid-expedition-2008-05</id>
<updated>2008-05-11T02:02:54Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Polar Grid</name>
</author>
<link type="application/atom+xml" rel="self"
href="http://pg3.ucs.indiana.edu/cgi-bin/getPolarGridFeed"/>
GeoRSS-Simple Embedded Atom Feed
<entry>
<title>Data Chunk: 2008-03-11 11:55:41</title>
<id>tag:pg3.ucs.indiana.edu,2008:polargrid expedition-2008-05262</id>
<updated>2008-03-11T11:55:41Z</updated>
<content type="html">
… (data chunk information described in microformats) …
</content>
<georss:point>77.585957 -52.448461</georss:point>
<georss:point>77.580976 -52.435148</georss:point>
</entry>
</feed>
Google RSS Feed Reader
Google Maps
Corresponding KML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<kml xmlns="http://earth.google.com/kml/2.2">
<Document>
<name>PolarGrid Expedition</name>
<Placemark id="tag:pg3.ucs.indiana.edu,2008:polargrid-expedition-2008-05262”>
<name>Data Chunk: 2008-03-11 11:55:41</name>
<description><![CDATA[
… (data chunk information described in microformats) …
]]></description>
<Point><coordinates>-52.448461,77.585957</coordinates></Point>
<Point><coordinates>-52.435148,77.580976</coordinates></Point>
</Placemark>
</Document></kml>
Google Earth and KML
Web 2.0 Lessons
• Web 2.0 approaches can be applied to
management of scientific information.
• With the right choices, you get a lot for free.
• Microformats: simple ways to encode namevalue pairs, build up semantic descriptions.
• GeoRSS: orders data by both time and space
– Works in all standard RSS/Atom readers.
– Google Maps supports natively
Web 2.0 Tutorial Map
User Layer
Browser +
JavaScript Libraries
Browser +
JavaScript Libraries
Browser +
JavaScript Libraries
AJAX, JSON, REST, RSS
Server-Side
Gdata Apps
Facebook Apps
Gadgets, Gadget
Aggregators
SOAP, REST, RSS
Blogs, Calendars,
Docs, etc
Facebook
Social Gadget
Containers
System Cloud Layer
Map Key
• Red blocks represent browsers and things that run in them
(JavaScript).
– This is the “user” level.
– Client side mashups
• Green blocks represent Web servers and their applications.
– This is the “developer” level.
– Server-side mashups.
– These can run on any hosting environment: your web server, Amazon
EC2, Google GAE, etc.
• Blue blocks represent third party services.
– This is the “system cloud” layer.
• Arrows represent network communications.
– Everything goes over HTTP
– REST, AJAX: communication patterns.
– RSS, ATOM, JSON, SOAP: message format.
Using Google’s GData API
How to Write Server-Side Mash-Ups
GData: the API to Google Services
• Google provides an extensive set of online services with well-known
user interfaces.
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Docs
Spreadsheet
YouTube
Blogger/Blogspot
Calendar
Picasso Photo Sharing
GMail
• These have programming interfaces as well as user interfaces.
– Server side: Java, .NET, PHP, Python
– Client side: JavaScript
• Client interfaces include visual components suitable for mash-ups
• Server-side APIs don’t include visual components but do allow you to
make server-side mash-ups.
Server-Side Mash-Up Use Case
• Imagine you have a Web service that runs a large parallel finite
element code.
– Output can include images, movies, output files, metadata, etc.
– Your web service manages the interaction with the queuing system
(another topic…)
• With a server-side mash-up, your Web Service can
– Post status information about your jobs (“Step 521 Completed!”) on
your blog.
– Post URLs pointing to your output files on your blog.
– Upload your visualizations to Picasso and YouTube (and post links).
– Generate RSS/Atom feeds of the above.
– Post results to Google Calendar
• We’ll look at some Java examples.
Getting Started with GData
• Create a Blog, make sure you can login to YouTube, etc.
• You will need a clientID and associated developer key.
– Get these from http://code.google.com/apis/base/signup.html.
• Get the Java code
– http://code.google.com/p/gdata-java-client/downloads/list
• See any number of Google examples
– http://code.google.com/apis/base/javadevguide.html
• One trick: You can get your blogger ID by examining the your Blog’s Atom
feed.
– It will be in the header and look something like this:
<id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19457310</id>
– The blog ID to use in the code below would be 19457310 in this example.
• The full working example is here
– http://communitygrids.blogspot.com/2008/03/googles-gdata-java-api.html
– We will simplify for pedagogical reasons.
Posting Results to Your Blogspot Blog
String userName="[email protected]";
String password= "qwerty";
String content=“…”;
Replace these with your values
GoogleService myService=
Login in
new GoogleService("blogger","");
myService.setUserCredentials(userName,password);
Create the entry to insert
Entry myEntry = new Entry();
myEntry.setTitle(new PlainTextConstruct(title));
myEntry.setContent(new PlainTextConstruct(content));
Insert the new entry
using REST’s POST
URL postUrl = new URL("http://www.blogger.com/feeds/" + blogID +
"/posts/default");
myService.insert(postUrl, myEntry);
Getting a YouTube Feed
String feedUrl="http://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/videos/";
String
scarFace5sec="http://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/videos/egwB7hVIIEc";
YouTubeService service = new YouTubeService(clientID, developer_key);
service.setUserCredentials(userName,password);
VideoFeed videoFeed =
youTubeService.getFeed(new URL(feedUrl),VideoFeed.class);
VideoEntry videoEntry = youTubeService.getEntry(new URL(scarFace5sec),
VideoEntry.class);
//Loop over feed entries and display.
String feedContent=
"Title: " + videoEntry.getTitle().getPlainText()+”";
feedContent+=videoEntry.getMediaGroup().
getDescription().getPlainTextContent()+”";
Posting To Google Calendar
CalendarService calService=new CalendarService(clientID);
calService.setUserCredentials(userName,password);
Log in to the calendar service
URL postUrl =
new URL("http://www.google.com/calendar/feeds/"+userName+"/private/full");
CalendarEventEntry myEntry = new CalendarEventEntry();
myEntry.setTitle(new PlainTextConstruct(titleOfEvent));
myEntry.setContent(new PlainTextConstruct(contentToPost));
Create a new Calendar entry
DateTime startTime = new DateTime(new Date());
When eventTimes = new When();
eventTimes.setStartTime(startTime);
Create the event time and insert
myEntry.addTime(eventTimes);
CalendarEventEntry insertedEntry = calendarService.insert(postUrl, myEntry);
CalendarEventEntry myEntry2 = new CalendarEventEntry();
String now=(new Date()).toString();
myEntry2.setContent(new PlainTextConstruct("Test post at "+now));
myEntry2.setQuickAdd(true);
An alternative way to post the entry
// Send the request and receive the response:
CalendarEventEntry insertedEntry2 =calendarService.insert(postUrl, myEntry2);
Some Other Things You Can Do with
GData Server Code
• YouTube
– Search movies by keyword tag, “related”, categories
– Upload and download movies.
– Put movies into collections
• Calendar
– Retrieve events as RSS feed
• Spreadsheet
– Remotely retrieve and insert or change row and cell data.
– Use structured queries to retrieve data ranges.
– Remotely invoke batch operations
Making FaceBook Applications
Using Facebook as a backend service.
Full Examples and More Detailed
Notes
• PHP and JavaScript notes
– http://communitygrids.blogspot.com/2008/02/qu
ick-facebook-javascript-api-notes.html
• JavaScript example:
– http://communitygrids.blogspot.com/2008/02/litt
le-more-jsfacebook-hacking.html
Why Use FaceBook as a Portal?
• Because it has 10’s of millions of users.
– The largest Web 2.0-style Web portal
• Easy to create Social Networks: groups of
friends and share applications, communicate,
share information, etc.
– And more importantly, tools for building and
managing these networks
• Can leverage many third party applications
– For example, photo albums
– Of course many of them are trivial, silly
FaceBook APIs
• These come in two flavors
– Embedded: make your application available through
FaceBook.
• PHP APIs
– Embedding: use Facebook authentication and social
network data in your application.
• JavaScript API
• In both cases, you run your application on your Web
server.
– You application do anything you can implement.
– And you can query FaceBook for social network
information, user metadata.
Using The JavaScript API
• Getting Started:
– You just need a Web server to host your application.
– Register as a developer
– Place Facebook’s xd_receiver.htm on your web server
• Make sure the relative path used is correct.
• What will happen?
– Your page will run outside of Facebook.
– Anyone loading your application will be directed to Facebook to login.
– User is then redirected back to your page.
• Your application can make calls back to Facebook.
• And you can do anything else you want.
– So you could embed this application in a portlet, interact with a local
database,
– You can build your application with .NET or Java Server Faces, etc.
HTML Page Example
<textarea style="width:500px;height:300px;"
id="_traceTextBox">
</textarea>
<script
src="http://static.ak.facebook.com/js/api_lib/Fac
ebookApi.debug.js" type="text/javascript">
var api = new FB.ApiClient('<your_key_here>',
'/xd_receiver.htm', null);
…
</script>
Interact with FaceBook
api.requireLogin(function(exception) {
api.friends_get(null,getResults);
var myinfo= 'last_name,
first_name,
hometown_location,
work_history,
pic_small';
api.users_getInfo(api.get_session().uid,
myinfo,
getInfo);
});
Notes on Previous Slides
• The requireLogin, friends_get, and
users_getInfo are FaceBook API calls.
• The getResults and getInfo methods are
callback methods that I defined.
– Shown in next slide
• The myinfo data structure is taken from the
Facebook XML user profile.
– http://wiki.developers.facebook.com/index.php/U
sers.getInfo
Developer Defined Call-Back Functions
function getResults(result,exception) {
Debug.dump(api.get_session().uid,’You');
Debug.dump(result,’Your Friends’);
}
function getInfo(result,exception) {
Debug.dump(result,’Your info');
}
These two methods receive the output returned from
Facebook by the API’s friends_get() and users_getInfo()
methods. The results are dumped to the text window but
you can do more interesting things.
Output Info Dumped to Text Area
you: 627774031
Your friends: {Array}
[Deleted]
User’s Facebook ID and the ID numbers of his friends
Your Info: {Array}
[0]: {Object}
first_name: Marlon
hometown_location: {Object}
city:
state:
User’s profile metadata. Note some fields are strings, some are
country:
Arrays, and some are structured objects of strings.
zip:
last_name: Pierce
pic_small: http://profile.ak.facebook.com/profile6/1797/98/t627774031_2463.jpg
uid: 627774031
work_history: {Object}
Facebooks’ Query Language
• All of the FaceBook API is basically a set of
wrappers around their SQL like FQL query
language. So you can, if you prefer, make
custom methods out of FQL query strings.
var myQuery='SELECT name FROM user WHERE
uid='+api.get_session().uid;
api.fql_query(myQuery, getFQLResponse);
getFQLResponse() is a developer-written callback function
Working with Facebook Groups
• To list information about groups you are a
member of, use the following.
– You can replace the value of uid with any UID you
know.
– 18629081888 is the Group ID for the Open Grid
Forum’s uninteresting Facebook group
api.groups_get(api.get_session().uid,null,getGroups);
api.groups_getMembers(18629081888,getGroupMemb
ers);
More Information
• The JavaScript documentation is available
from here
– http://wiki.developers.facebook.com/index.php/J
avaScript_Client_Library
• It is pretty minimal, but it is essentially the
same as the better documented PHP API.
– Replace PHP’s "." with a "_".
– So PHP’s users.getInfo becomes users_getInfo(...)
in JavaScript.
Open Social API and Gadgets
What Is a Gadget?
Simple gadgets for getting a Grid proxy credential and
running remote commands. Both run on my own Web
server.
Gadget Definition
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<Module>
<ModulePrefs title="MyProxy Gadget Example" scrolling="true"
height="500"/>
<Content type="url"
href="http://156.56.104.143:8080/GTLAB/examples/MyProxyExample.jsf">
</Content>
</Module>
• This XML page is web accessible via
http://156.56.104.143:8080/GTLAB/MyProxyGadget.xml
• This URL points to the actual application (written in JSF)
• Google uses an HTML IFrame to load the page.
• You can also use content type=“html” for more integrated
applications.
– For example, you can send messages between gadgets in the
client.
Gadgets and Open Social
• Open Social is a consortium of Facebook’s major
competitors.
– Orkut, MySpace, Hi5, LinkedIn, Friendster, etc.
• The Open Social API has two parts
– JavaScript libraries for building social gadgets.
• Must run in a gadget container (server)
– REST APIs for exchanging data between container servers.
• The ideas:
– JS APIs let you make portable gadgets that will work in
different containers (Hi5LinkedIn) but data will be
different.
– REST will let you export/import data.
Getting Started
• You need a Gadget container to host your gadgets.
– LinkedIn is notably selective about the gadgets it will host.
• Orkut provides a sandbox, but you have to upload your
gadgets.
• Apache Shindig is an extremely simple Java-based
container.
– De facto reference implementation of Open Social
– Not suitable for production by a long ways.
– But it will work on an air plane.
• Shindig is something of a moving target.
– My February notes were obsolete…
Getting Started with Shindig
• Visit the Web site for information
– http://incubator.apache.org/shindig
• Check out the code with SVN
– mkdir $HOME/shindig; cd shindig
– svn co http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator/shindig/trunk/
• Build and run it with Apache Maven
– Run “mvn” from $HOME/shindig/
– Run “mvn -Prun” from $HOME/shindig/java/server
• Point browser to
http://localhost:8080/gadgets/files/container/sample1.html and look
through other samples.
– You can also load these HTML files using file:// if you don't want to run the
Jetty server.
• Periodically check for updates and rebuild
– svn update
• The READMEs have better/more up-to-date information than the website.
What Do You Get?
• Shindig actually has two major parts:
– A container that can run social gadgets
• This must have access to your user and social network
database.
– A gadget aggregator that displays gadgets
• Runs the layout manager.
• Think of this as your own iGoogle server.
• Access the gadget container
– http://localhost:8080/gadgets/files/samplecontai
ner/samplecontainer.html
The gadget is actually served
remotely. This is the module
definition.
The gadget can be displayed
in your http://localhost:8080
display container.
Import JS Libraries into Container Page
<link rel="stylesheet" href="gadgets.css">
<script type="text/javascript"
src="../../js/rpc.js?c=1&debug=1"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="cookies.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="util.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="gadgets.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="cookiebaseduserprefstore.js"></script>
Create Your Layout Manager
var my = {};
Note gadgets are loaded from remote host
containers.
my.gadgetSpecUrls = [
'http://www.google.com/ig/modules/horoscope.xml',
'http://www.google.com/ig/modules/aue07otr.xml',
'http://www.labpixies.com/campaigns/todo/todo.xml'
];
my.LayoutManager = function() {
gadgets.LayoutManager.call(this);
};
my.LayoutManager.inherits(gadgets.LayoutManager);
my.LayoutManager.prototype.getGadgetChrome = function(gadget) {
var chromeId = 'gadget-chrome-' + gadget.id;
return chromeId ? document.getElementById(chromeId) : null;
};
Initialize and Render
my.init = function() {
gadgets.container.layoutManager = new
my.LayoutManager();
};
my.renderGadgets = function() {
for (var i = 0; i < my.gadgetSpecUrls.length; ++i) {
var gadget = gadgets.container.createGadget(
{specUrl: my.gadgetSpecUrls[i]});
gadgets.container.addGadget(gadget);
gadgets.container.renderGadget(gadget);
}
};
HTML Display
<body onLoad="my.init();my.renderGadgets()">
<h2>Sample: Dynamic Height</h2>
<div id="gadget-chrome-0" class="gadgets-gadgetchrome"></div>
<div id="gadget-chrome-1" class="gadgets-gadgetchrome"></div>
<div id="gadget-chrome-2" class="gadgets-gadgetchrome"></div>
</body>
Shows the 3 Gadgets. As we saw, this will use “flow” layout and
“chrome” styling.
Hosting Your Own Social Gadget
• Place your widget code here:
– $HOME/shindig/javascript/samplecontainer/examples
• After compilation, these will be located here:
– ./target/gadgets/files/samplecontainer/examples.
• These will be served up from
– http://localhost:8080/gadgets/files/samplecontainer/
examples/myapp.xml
• Myapp.xml is the gadget definition we saw
earlier.
Hello World Gadget in Container
Uses flat XML file.
User and his network of
friends provided by the
local container. “Hello”
chosen based friend’s
preferred
http://localhost:8080/gadgets/files/samplecontainer/samplecontainer.html
Shindig social
network XML
“database”. Real
containers would
use a real database.
OpenSocial API
essentially lets you
retrieve this sort of
data.
my.gadgetSpecUrls = [
'http://www.google.com/ig/modules/horoscope.xml',
'http://www.google.com/ig/modules/aue07otr.xml',
'http://localhost:8080/gadgets/files/samplecontainer/examples/So
cialHelloWorld.xml'
More Information
• See http://communitygrids.blogspot.com for
more detailed information.
• Email: [email protected]