Transcript ASER Pakistan A citizen led initiative Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Launch February 4, 2013 ASER PAKISTAN 2010-2015 • Citizen led large scale national household survey (3-16) • Quality of education.

ASER Pakistan
A citizen led initiative
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Launch
February 4, 2013
ASER PAKISTAN 2010-2015
•
Citizen led large scale national household
survey (3-16)
•
Quality of education in rural and some
urban areas (5-16)
•
Seeks to provide evidence on learning and
access gaps
•
Influence National & Provincial policy and
actions for RTE.
•
Provides information for tracking trends
and MDG/EFA Targets up to 2015
•
Influence Goal Setting for Post-2015
Agenda
Section I: Scale of Survey
ASER 2012 – SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION
•23 Districts
•14122 Households
•1090 Schools
•9 agencies
•5375 Households
•313 Schools
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
FATA
Section II: Access (Schooling)
ASER Survey Sheets
Access
Enrollment
Pre-School Enrollment (3-5 Years) – Rural
Early Childhood Enrolment 2012
Enrolled
 Enrollment of children of 3 – 5
years 35% in KPK and 34% in
FATA in 2012.
63% of pre-schoolers go to
Government schools in KP
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Out of School
66
65
35
KPK
34
FATA
78% of pre-primary age children in FATA are enrolled in
government schools.
Children in Pre School (3-5)
KPK Rural & FATA
Tor Ghar, Upper Dir, Shangla and Chitral have the highest
number of out-of-school children
Enrollment KPK and FATA (6-16 years)
 84% of 6-16 year olds in rural
districts are enrolled in schools
 69% enrollment in KPK and 75% in
FATA is in Govt. schools.
 16% of children in KPK and 25% in
FATA are out of school
1
out of every
6
Enrollment of Children (6-16)
Enrolled
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
84
75
16
KPK
Children in KPK is Out-of-School (Rural)
Out of School
25
FATA
Out-of-School children
(6-16)- KPK (Rural) & FATA
FR Bannu and Tor Ghar have the highest number of
out-of-school children (6-16) Rural
District ranking KPK- ‘Out of school’ Children.
Tor Ghar and D I Khan have the highest number of out-ofschool children
Gender Comparison: Out of School Children (6-16 years)
 There are more Girls out of school than boys (Rural)
 The number of out of school children in KP and FATA is almost the same.
KPK (Rural)
FATA
Out-of-school children by gender
6 to 16 years
Out-of-school children by gender
6 to 16 years
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
10
15
2011*
Girls
Boys
11
15
2012
% Children
% Children
Boys
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
10
15
2011*
Girls
11
15
2012
Higher percentage of girls than boys are out-of-school in urban KPK.
Class Wise Enrollment
 Enrollment decreases sharply as class level increases
KPK Rural
FATA Rural
Class-wise enrollment
2012
2011*
40
40
30
30
20
% Children
% Children
2011*
Class-wise enrollment
14
6
10 14
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Class
6
7
8
9
10
2012
20
20
10
18
3 3
0
1
2
3
4
5
Class
6
7
8
9
10
Section III: Quality
ASER Pakistan Assessment Tools Grade II
ASER Assessment tools are prepared in following Categories
•Reading
Urdu
Sindhi
Pashto
•Arithmetic abilities
•English
Learning Levels – Urdu/Pashto
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
FATA
Children who can read story
Urdu/Pashto
Children who can read story
Urdu/Pashto
% Children
2012
80
58
60
40
43
21
31
44
20
0
20
55
60
40
0
Class 4
Class 5
Class 6
2012
80
46
32
49
17
34
20
32
12
Class 3
2011*
100
% Children
2011*
100
25
10
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5
Language Learning levels for KPK class 4 have increased by 11%
Class 6
since 2011
KPK Rural : 57% of Class 5 students cannot read Class 2 story
FATA:
54% of Class 5 students cannot read Class 2 Story
Learning Levels (Urdu/Pashto) improved overall from last year
Learning Levels - English
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
FATA
Children who can read English
sentences
Children who can read English
sentences
2011*
2012
2011*
100
80
40
20
0
62
47
60
% Children
% Children
100
2012
35
22
36
13
Class 3
47
40
0
Class 5
Class 6
58
50
60
34
51
21
20
23
Class 4
80
25
12
Class 3
Class 4
English Learning levels for KPK class 4 have improved by 11%
34
Class 5
Class 6
since 2011
KPK: 53% of Class 5 students cannot read English sentences
FATA: 50% of Class 5 students cannot read English sentences
Learning Levels - Arithmetic
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
FATA
Children who can do division
2011*
Children who can do division
2012
2011*
100
80
57
60
40
20
0
44
31
19
10
Class 3
19
Class 4
29
40
% Children
% Children
100
2012
80
Class 6
42
30
40
20
0
Class 5
53
60
46
17
28
17
7
Class 3
Class 4
Arithmetic Learning levels for KPK class 4 have improved by
Class 5
15%
KPK: 56% of Class 5 students cannot do division
FATA: 58% of Class 5 students cannot do division
Class 6
since 2011
Learning levels KPK – Boys vs. Girls (5-16 Years)
Rural
% Children
80
50
60
40
37
20
100
Learning levels by gender
English
80
60
58
43
40
20
0
Girls
Boys
Who can read at least
sentences
100
% Childrern
100
% Children
Learning levels by gender
Urdu
Learning levels by gender
Arithmetic
80
53
60
40
38
20
0
0
Girls
Boys
Who can read at least words
Girls
Boys
Who can at least do subtraction
Girls are behind boys by 15% in Arithmetic
Learning levels of boys continue to be higher than girls.
Learning levels FATA – Boys vs. Girls
(5-16 Years)
Rural
Learning levels by gender
English
39
19
Girls
Boys
Who can read at least sentences
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
48
26
Girls
Boys
Who can read at least words
Learning levels by gender
Arithmetic
% Childrern
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
% Children
% Children
Learning levels by gender
Urdu/Pashto
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
41
21
Girls
Boys
Who can at least do subtraction
Girls are behind boys by 20% in Urdu/Pashto
Learning levels of boys continue to be higher than girls.
Learning levels KPK – Public vs. Private
100
80
60
40
20
0
75
85
55
40
40
52
100
80
60
40
20
0
% Children
% Children
Learning levels by school type
Urdu
Government
Private
 60% children in government and 48%
children in private schools in class 5
cannot read class 2 Urdu/Pashto.
 66% of the children in Government
schools and 44% of children in private
schools cannot read English
sentences.
% Children
Class 1: Can read Class 3: Can read Class 5: Can read
at least letters at least sentences
at least story
100
80
60
40
20
0
Learning levels by school type
English Private
Government
63
45
Class 1: Can read at
least small letters
56
68
44
Class 3: Can read at
least words
56
Class 5: Can read at
least sentences
Learning levels by school type
Arithmetic Private
Government
45
60
44
59
42
51
Class 1: Can
Class 3: Can at least Class 5: Can at least
recognize at least
do subtraction
do division
numbers (10-99)
Private school students are performing better than
government school students.
Learning levels FATA – Public vs. Private
Learning levels by school type
English
Learning levels by school type
Urdu/Pashto
Government
100
93
74
64
55
60
38
40
38
20
80
60
 62% children in government and 36%
children in private schools in class 5
cannot read class 2 Urdu/Pashto.
 65% of the children in Government
schools and 41% of children in private
schools cannot read English
sentences.
73
51
43
40
20
0
Class 5: Can read
at least story
Class 1: Can read at Class 3: Can read at Class 5: Can read at
least small letters
least words
least sentences
Learning levels by school type
Arithmetic
Government
Private
100
% Children
Class 3: Can read
at least sentences
76
70
40
0
Class 1: Can read
at least letters
Private
100
% Children
% Children
80
Government
Private
69
80
60
46
40
61
40
59
35
20
0
Class 1: Can
recognize at least
numbers (10-99)
Class 3: Can at least Class 5: Can at least
do subtraction
do division
Private school students are performing better than
government school students.
Additional learning support – Paid Tuition
 Children in Urban areas are more likely to take paid tuition:
KPK
FATA
Children attending paid tuition
Children attending paid tuition
Government schools
Private schools
100
100
80
80
60
40
20
23
3
19
2
% Children
% Children
Government schools
47
60
40
24
20
1
0
0
2011*
2012
14
2011*
2012
2% Government and 19% Private enrolled children take tuition in KPK Rural .
1% Government and 14% Private enrolled children take tuition in FATA
Paid private tuition trend is higher in private schools.
Section IV: School Attendance
& Facilities
Attendance - Students and Teachers
KPK Attendance (%) on the day of visit
Government schools
Private schools
Primary
Elementary
High
Children attendance
85.3
74.8
86.2
86.1
85.2
Teacher attendance
87.7
85.8
89.1
83.4
86.5
Elementary
High
Other
s
Overall
86.0
87.3
87.5
83.0
87.1
84.7
90.5
88.4
77.3
88.1
Others Overall Primary
 Rural: 15% children in government school and 13% in Private schools were absent from school
 Rural: 13% and 12% teachers in private and government schools respectively were found to
FATA Attendance (%) on the day of visit
be absent
Children
attendance
Teacher
attendance
Government schools
Private schools
Primary
Elementary
High
Others
Overall
Primary
Elementary
High
Others
Overall
83.0
83.0
83.1
89.7
83.2
94.5
89.1
90.8
-
90.5
91.3
85.1
94.7
92.9
91.2
84.5
82.2
84.6
-
84.0
 17% children in government school and 9% in Private schools were absent from school
 9% and 14% teachers in private and government schools respectively were found to be absent
Multi-grade Classes - Rural
KPK
FATA
Multi grade teaching
Multi grade teaching
Government
Government
Private
100
% Schools
% Schools
100
80
60
45
40
20
Private
16
14
16
80
60
40
35
22
20
16
3
0
0
Class 2
Class 8
Class 2
Class 8
•16% grade 8 students in private schools and 14% grade 8 students in government
schools sit with other classes in KPK.
• In FATA, 35% students in government schools and 22% in Private schools of grade 2 sit
with other classes.
Basic Facilities – Improved but not Sufficient
KPK
FATA
Water and toilet facility in primary schools
% Primary schools
100
2011
52
60
59 64
20
0
Water
Government
Toilet
100
85 87
40
Toilet
2012
100
81 86
80
60
2012
Water
Private
% Primary schools
2011
Water and toilet facility in primary
schools
80
67
60
40
45
25
33
28
33
40
20
0
Toilet
Water
Government
Toilet
Water
Private
40% primary government schools in KPK still do not have useable water
33% primary government schools in FATA still do not have toilet facilities
Private schools outperform government schools in terms of
basic facilities but there is improvement overall.
Section V: Other dimensions that
influence teaching and learning
Mother tongue/ Home Language
• ASER 2012 survey findings revealed that 14 different
languages were used in the surveyed households of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa.
• Four languages used commonly were
• Pashto (77%),
• Hindko (11%)
• Siraiki (3.5%) and
• Chitrali (3%)
Other (5.5%)
Other Languages included : URDU, PAHARI, GUJRATI, KHOWAR, SINDHI, TORWALI, YATGHA,
PUNJABI, PERSIAN, KOHISTANI, ENGLISH
Households’ preferred medium of
instruction in school
KPK
FATA
Home
languag
e
45%
Home
languag
e
60%
Urdu
30%
•
•
•
English
10%
Urdu
39%
English
16%
Each household surveyed was also asked their preferred medium of instruction for their children
in schools.
39% percent of the households in KPK and 30% in FATA preferred Urdu as the medium of
instruction in schools.
Home language was preferred by a major proportion of 45% households in KPK and 60%
surveyed households in FATA.
The most preferred language for medium of instruction was
Home Language.
Medium of instruction in schools
KPK
FATA
Medium of instruction in schools
Government
Medium of instruction in schools
Government
Private
100
100
80
80
66
%School
70
60
30
40
20
23
7
3
0
English
Urdu
Children in public schools reported:
•
Urdu 66%,
•
Pashto 30%
•
English 3%
Pashto
86
Private
80
60
40
20
12
2
17
2
0
English
Urdu
Pashto
Parental Education
 KPK: 21% mothers vs.52% fathers have completed primary
education.
 FATA: Only
4% of mothers vs. 36% fathers have completed
primary education
KPK Rural
FATA
Parents having at least primary
schooling
80
80
52
60
40
100
21
% Parents
% Parents
100
Parents having at least primary
schooling
60
36
40
4
20
20
0
0
Mothers
Fathers
Mothers
Fathers
Higher proportion of parents have not completed even primary
education in rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as compared to urban
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa .
Section VI: How far have we come on
RTE compliance?
How can ASER 2012 inform the planning, drafting, resourcing
and implementation of 25-A?
 ASER can help assess education with respect to :
Quality
Access
Equity
Planning according to district based assessment – generating District Report
Cards (DRCs) linked to the Roadmap to Reforms and/or Sector Plans of the
Provincial Governments .
 Holding ASER Baithaks in ASER survey villages, parents, communities with
parliamentarians and political holding ALL to account for ACTION!
Use of ASER data and teams for focusing on gender & the excluded groups
Forming District RTE Vigilante Committees mobilizing coalitions, teachers,
youth, media and bar associations.
Action to RTE 25 A Implementation
• Milestone achievement: “The Right to Free and Compulsory
Education Act 2012” - challenge is tracking implementation
• ASER data to help in drafting of RTE Acts & using ASER
data for continued advocacy on Right to Education (RTE) 25 A
• Each province has district by district data for addressing gaps in
access, quality, equity/gender and financing
• Continued Dialogues with Parliamentarians and Politicians in
2013 for elections, manifestoes and actionable steps that can be
tracked
• Linking the ASER information to national data and GMR /UN
Human Development Reports /others in the run up to 2015 &
post 2015 debates
ASER 2012 Supporters & Partners
Thank You
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