Transcript Proton dose planning software
Slide 1
Current Topics
in Monte Carlo Treatment Planning
McGill University, Medical Physics Unit
May 3-5, 2004, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Radovan D. Ilić, Vesna Spasić-Jokić, Petar Beličev and Miloš Dragović
Institute of nuclear sciences Vinča
TESLA Accelerator Installation
www.tesla-sc.org
www.vin.bg.ac.yu/~rasa/hopa.htm
The Monte Carlo SRNA-VOX code for
3D proton dose distribution in
voxelized geometry using CT data
Slide 2
GENERAL-PURPOSE MONTE CARLO
PROGRAM SRNA FOR PROTON
TRANSPORT SIMULATION
Proton therapy;
Accelerator driven system design;
Radioisotopes production for medical
applications;
Simulation of proton scatterer and degrader
shapes and composition
Radiation protection of accelerator
installations
Slide 3
SRNA 2-KG attributes
Original author: Radovan D. Ilić, Ph.D, VINCA Institute of Nuclear
Sciences
General Purpose: Numerical experiments for proton transport,
radiotherapy and dosimetry
Secondary particles: protons transported as the protons from source
Proton energy range: 100 keV to 250 MeV
Material Database: 279 elements: Z = 1-99, compounds and
mixtures: 181,limited by available ICRU63 cross sections data
Material geometry: 3 D – zones distributed by I and II order surfaces
or in 3D voxelized geometry
Program Language: Fortran 77 for Linux or Windows
Slide 4
SRNA-VOX MONTE CARLO CODE
Simulation model:
. Multiple scattering theory of charged particles (Moliere angular
distribution, Berger)
. Energy loss with fluctuation (ICRU49 functions of stopping power,
Vavilov's distribution with Schulek's distribution correction per all electron orbits )
. Inelastic nuclear interaction (ICRU 63, Young and Chadwik 1997)
. Compound nuclei decay (our simple and Russian MSDM models)
. CT numbers describing 3D patient’s geometry
. Correlation between CT numbers and tissue parameters:
mass-density and elemental weight
Numerical experiments set-up:
. Energy range from 100 keV to 250 MeV
. Materials limited by available ICRU63 cross sections data
. Circular and rectangular proton sources in 4Pi with applied spectra
. DICOM picture and sampling region for irradiation
. Probabilities and data preparation by SRNADAT code
. 3D dose presentation on patient anatomy
Slide 5
Comparison of the SRNA
package (R.D.Ilić)
Comparison of proton depth dose distribution obtained from
Monte Carlo numerical experiments by SRNA-2KG and
GEANT-3 codes
Comparison of proton depth dose distribution obtained from
Monte Carlo numerical experiments by SRNA-2K3 and
GEANT-4 codes
SRNA-2KG, GEANT3, SRIM Simulation and MLFC
measurements at 205 MeV proton Indiana Univ. Cycl.
Facility, USA
Intercomparison of the usage of computational codes in
radiation dosimetry, Bologna, Italy, July 14-16 2003
Slide 6
Comparison of proton depth dose distribution
obtained from Monte Carlo numerical experiments
by SRNA-2KG and GEANT-3 codes
Slide 7
Comparison of proton depth dose distribution
obtained from Monte Carlo numerical
experiments by SRNA-2K3 and GEANT-4 codes
Slide 8
Multi layer Faraday Cup (MLFC)
experiments
WHY: To specify the proton beam from accelerator and verify
the quality and reproducibility of the proton beam for the proton
therapy.
WHO: Indiana University Cyclotron Facility
HOW: Monte Carlo simulation by SRIM, SRNA-2KG and
GEANT3 data compared with actual measurement data
RECOMMENDATION: A simple test for nuclear interaction
model can be checked by MLFC. Every Monte Carlo code to
be used in charged particle therapy should pass this test
Slide 9
SRNA-2KG, GEANT3, SRIM Simulation
and MLFC measurements at 205 MeV proton
Indiana Univ. Cycl. Facility, USA
Mascia A.E., Schreuder N., Anferov V.August 2001
Slide 10
H. Paganetti
B. Gottschalk
Test of Monte Carlo nuclear interaction models for
polyethylene (CH2) using a multi-layer Faraday cup
The MLFC is an excellent and simple tool to test
nuclear interaction models
This is a clean benchmark (100% acceptance, charge
(not dose) measurement)
Works for high-Z and low-Z materials
Every Monte Carlo code to be used in charged
particle therapy should pass this test
Slide 11
QUADOS, Bologna 2003
Uvea melanoma
Slide 12
A parallel beam of protons from a disk source (diameter 15 mm) impinges on a
PMMA compensator (cylindrical symmetry) and on a spherical water phantom
approximating an eye (figure 1). All elements are in vacuum. If discrete regions
are used for dose calculations (depth-dose and isodose curves), use voxels with
dimensions 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 mm3.
The results should be normalized to one primary proton
Slide 13
INTERCOMPARISON
OF THE USAGE OF COMPUTATIONAL CODES
IN RADIATION DOSIMETRY
Bologna, Italy, July 14-16 2003
Stefano Agosteo
Dipartimento Ingegneria Nucleare,Politcnico Milano, Italy
S: Fluka 2002 P3-F: srna-2kg
Slide 14
SRNA-VOX: Deposited proton energy in eye
50 MeV circular proton beam with 1.2 cm radius
CT data: slice thickens 0.5 cm; pixel dimension 0.081 cm
Slide 15
SRNA-VOX:
1E6 PROTONS;=80 MeV; SPREAD=5 MeV
20 %
80 %
95%
100 %
Slide 16
ISTAR –proton dose planning
software
Trends in proton therapy planning:
Development of the Monte Carlo proton transport
numerical device capable of producing a therapy
plan in less than 30 minutes and
Development of clinically acceptable on-line
procedures comprising all steps necessary for
proper patient treatment.
ISTAR software solved the first of these problems
Why ISTAR ?
Slide 17
DUNAV – ISTAR - DJERDAP
Slide 18
LEPENSKI VIR LANDSCAPE
Slide 19
LEPENSKI VIR CULTURE
MOTHER
DANUBIUS
Slide 20
PROTON DATA PLANNING window
Picture Planning Data - information about the boundaries of the space
selected for simulation;
Beam geometry with fields for selection of the beam shape (rectangular or
cylindrical) and dimensions, Euler angles defining the direction of the beam
axis with respect to the selected "Beam center", and polar and azimuthally
angles of the proton emission within the local SRNA-VOX coordinate system;
Simulation setup with fields for selection of proton energy (mean energy
and standard deviation for Gaussian distribution, or custom defined spectrum),
simulation cutoff energy, number of proton histories and the simulation time
limit. The result of these actions is written in two files: (i) Hound.txt containing
data about the defined region, proton source and Houndsfield's numbers for all
voxels of the region; (ii) Srna.inp with the setup data for simulation.
Slide 21
Beam geometry and simulation setup
TThe tumor location is defined using the CT image with
sufficient precision
-The irradiation plan begins with the selection of the tumor
region within a rectangular box
-The selected region is defined by the indices of the first and the
last CT slice in the longitudinal (Z) direction, and by marking the
area in the transversal (X-Y) plane
Slide 22
ISTAR - Proton dose planning software
Final CT and
geometry data
selection, and
making files
for set-up the
proton dose
simulation
Slide 23
ISTAR - Proton dose planning software
mamo proton
2D dose
eye proton
2D dose
Slide 24
ISTAR - Proton dose planning software
Choosing a
rectangle
around the
region for
proton dose
simulation
Slide 25
ISTAR - Proton dose planning software
Choice of the
first and last
slice, and
beam center
Slide 26
Slide 27
Proton dose distribution
Table of Houndsfield’s numbers with average densities and tissue composition
(Scheinder et al)
SRNADAT
ISTAR
SRNA-VOX
Srna.inp file and the Hound.dat file, converted from Hound.txt – start of
simulation
1.6 GHz/512 MB PC, the simulation time for 65 MeV protons beam containing
106 particles, is around 10 minutes
"Open REDOSE Image" menu item, the values of the absorbed proton dose are
displayed over the CT slice image. Values can be normalized either to the
maximum value in the slice, or to the maximal value in the entire irradiated
region. Image viewing commands include a transparency (blending) intensity
control. The code allows selection of different palettes, for displaying various
isodose levels.
Slide 28
Dose distribution in equatorial eye plane, simulated by the SRNA-VOX code, using 50 MeV protons with 1.2 MeV
energy spread. The isodoses are at the values of 20, 60, 80 and 100 % of dose maximum.
50 MeV with spread 1.2 MeV
20 %
60 %
80 %
100 %
Slide 29
Dose distribution in breast in central beam plane simulated by the SRNAVOX code using 65 MeV protons with 1.5 MeV energy spread. The
isodoses are at the values of 20, 60, 80 and 100 % of dose maximum.
20 %
60 %
80 %
100 %
Slide 30
ISTAR advantages
- Software is based on the knowledge and experience acquired in
working on the SRNA
- It is capable to accept CT data for defining patient’s anatomy and
tissue composition
- A simple procedure for selecting the irradiation area and incident
proton beam parameters allow fast and comfortable calculation of
the dose distribution and visualization of it in each CT recorded
slice of the patient’s body.
- Execution time is short enough to be introduced in clinical
practice.
- The statistical error of the obtained results can be made almost
arbitrary small by simple increase of the number of the proton
histories to a few millions, without exceeding e.g. 30 min as
acceptable computer run time.
Slide 31
CONCLUSION
SRNA package advantages:
Enlargement of the proton energy range,
Increasing the efficiency of the implemented algorithms in
order to
Decrease the time necessary for proton transport simulation
Motivation for ISTAR proton dose planning software
development were good results of verification of SRNA
package
Current Topics
in Monte Carlo Treatment Planning
McGill University, Medical Physics Unit
May 3-5, 2004, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Radovan D. Ilić, Vesna Spasić-Jokić, Petar Beličev and Miloš Dragović
Institute of nuclear sciences Vinča
TESLA Accelerator Installation
www.tesla-sc.org
www.vin.bg.ac.yu/~rasa/hopa.htm
The Monte Carlo SRNA-VOX code for
3D proton dose distribution in
voxelized geometry using CT data
Slide 2
GENERAL-PURPOSE MONTE CARLO
PROGRAM SRNA FOR PROTON
TRANSPORT SIMULATION
Proton therapy;
Accelerator driven system design;
Radioisotopes production for medical
applications;
Simulation of proton scatterer and degrader
shapes and composition
Radiation protection of accelerator
installations
Slide 3
SRNA 2-KG attributes
Original author: Radovan D. Ilić, Ph.D, VINCA Institute of Nuclear
Sciences
General Purpose: Numerical experiments for proton transport,
radiotherapy and dosimetry
Secondary particles: protons transported as the protons from source
Proton energy range: 100 keV to 250 MeV
Material Database: 279 elements: Z = 1-99, compounds and
mixtures: 181,limited by available ICRU63 cross sections data
Material geometry: 3 D – zones distributed by I and II order surfaces
or in 3D voxelized geometry
Program Language: Fortran 77 for Linux or Windows
Slide 4
SRNA-VOX MONTE CARLO CODE
Simulation model:
. Multiple scattering theory of charged particles (Moliere angular
distribution, Berger)
. Energy loss with fluctuation (ICRU49 functions of stopping power,
Vavilov's distribution with Schulek's distribution correction per all electron orbits )
. Inelastic nuclear interaction (ICRU 63, Young and Chadwik 1997)
. Compound nuclei decay (our simple and Russian MSDM models)
. CT numbers describing 3D patient’s geometry
. Correlation between CT numbers and tissue parameters:
mass-density and elemental weight
Numerical experiments set-up:
. Energy range from 100 keV to 250 MeV
. Materials limited by available ICRU63 cross sections data
. Circular and rectangular proton sources in 4Pi with applied spectra
. DICOM picture and sampling region for irradiation
. Probabilities and data preparation by SRNADAT code
. 3D dose presentation on patient anatomy
Slide 5
Comparison of the SRNA
package (R.D.Ilić)
Comparison of proton depth dose distribution obtained from
Monte Carlo numerical experiments by SRNA-2KG and
GEANT-3 codes
Comparison of proton depth dose distribution obtained from
Monte Carlo numerical experiments by SRNA-2K3 and
GEANT-4 codes
SRNA-2KG, GEANT3, SRIM Simulation and MLFC
measurements at 205 MeV proton Indiana Univ. Cycl.
Facility, USA
Intercomparison of the usage of computational codes in
radiation dosimetry, Bologna, Italy, July 14-16 2003
Slide 6
Comparison of proton depth dose distribution
obtained from Monte Carlo numerical experiments
by SRNA-2KG and GEANT-3 codes
Slide 7
Comparison of proton depth dose distribution
obtained from Monte Carlo numerical
experiments by SRNA-2K3 and GEANT-4 codes
Slide 8
Multi layer Faraday Cup (MLFC)
experiments
WHY: To specify the proton beam from accelerator and verify
the quality and reproducibility of the proton beam for the proton
therapy.
WHO: Indiana University Cyclotron Facility
HOW: Monte Carlo simulation by SRIM, SRNA-2KG and
GEANT3 data compared with actual measurement data
RECOMMENDATION: A simple test for nuclear interaction
model can be checked by MLFC. Every Monte Carlo code to
be used in charged particle therapy should pass this test
Slide 9
SRNA-2KG, GEANT3, SRIM Simulation
and MLFC measurements at 205 MeV proton
Indiana Univ. Cycl. Facility, USA
Mascia A.E., Schreuder N., Anferov V.August 2001
Slide 10
H. Paganetti
B. Gottschalk
Test of Monte Carlo nuclear interaction models for
polyethylene (CH2) using a multi-layer Faraday cup
The MLFC is an excellent and simple tool to test
nuclear interaction models
This is a clean benchmark (100% acceptance, charge
(not dose) measurement)
Works for high-Z and low-Z materials
Every Monte Carlo code to be used in charged
particle therapy should pass this test
Slide 11
QUADOS, Bologna 2003
Uvea melanoma
Slide 12
A parallel beam of protons from a disk source (diameter 15 mm) impinges on a
PMMA compensator (cylindrical symmetry) and on a spherical water phantom
approximating an eye (figure 1). All elements are in vacuum. If discrete regions
are used for dose calculations (depth-dose and isodose curves), use voxels with
dimensions 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 mm3.
The results should be normalized to one primary proton
Slide 13
INTERCOMPARISON
OF THE USAGE OF COMPUTATIONAL CODES
IN RADIATION DOSIMETRY
Bologna, Italy, July 14-16 2003
Stefano Agosteo
Dipartimento Ingegneria Nucleare,Politcnico Milano, Italy
S: Fluka 2002 P3-F: srna-2kg
Slide 14
SRNA-VOX: Deposited proton energy in eye
50 MeV circular proton beam with 1.2 cm radius
CT data: slice thickens 0.5 cm; pixel dimension 0.081 cm
Slide 15
SRNA-VOX:
1E6 PROTONS;
20 %
80 %
95%
100 %
Slide 16
ISTAR –proton dose planning
software
Trends in proton therapy planning:
Development of the Monte Carlo proton transport
numerical device capable of producing a therapy
plan in less than 30 minutes and
Development of clinically acceptable on-line
procedures comprising all steps necessary for
proper patient treatment.
ISTAR software solved the first of these problems
Why ISTAR ?
Slide 17
DUNAV – ISTAR - DJERDAP
Slide 18
LEPENSKI VIR LANDSCAPE
Slide 19
LEPENSKI VIR CULTURE
MOTHER
DANUBIUS
Slide 20
PROTON DATA PLANNING window
Picture Planning Data - information about the boundaries of the space
selected for simulation;
Beam geometry with fields for selection of the beam shape (rectangular or
cylindrical) and dimensions, Euler angles defining the direction of the beam
axis with respect to the selected "Beam center", and polar and azimuthally
angles of the proton emission within the local SRNA-VOX coordinate system;
Simulation setup with fields for selection of proton energy (mean energy
and standard deviation for Gaussian distribution, or custom defined spectrum),
simulation cutoff energy, number of proton histories and the simulation time
limit. The result of these actions is written in two files: (i) Hound.txt containing
data about the defined region, proton source and Houndsfield's numbers for all
voxels of the region; (ii) Srna.inp with the setup data for simulation.
Slide 21
Beam geometry and simulation setup
TThe tumor location is defined using the CT image with
sufficient precision
-The irradiation plan begins with the selection of the tumor
region within a rectangular box
-The selected region is defined by the indices of the first and the
last CT slice in the longitudinal (Z) direction, and by marking the
area in the transversal (X-Y) plane
Slide 22
ISTAR - Proton dose planning software
Final CT and
geometry data
selection, and
making files
for set-up the
proton dose
simulation
Slide 23
ISTAR - Proton dose planning software
mamo proton
2D dose
eye proton
2D dose
Slide 24
ISTAR - Proton dose planning software
Choosing a
rectangle
around the
region for
proton dose
simulation
Slide 25
ISTAR - Proton dose planning software
Choice of the
first and last
slice, and
beam center
Slide 26
Slide 27
Proton dose distribution
Table of Houndsfield’s numbers with average densities and tissue composition
(Scheinder et al)
SRNADAT
ISTAR
SRNA-VOX
Srna.inp file and the Hound.dat file, converted from Hound.txt – start of
simulation
1.6 GHz/512 MB PC, the simulation time for 65 MeV protons beam containing
106 particles, is around 10 minutes
"Open REDOSE Image" menu item, the values of the absorbed proton dose are
displayed over the CT slice image. Values can be normalized either to the
maximum value in the slice, or to the maximal value in the entire irradiated
region. Image viewing commands include a transparency (blending) intensity
control. The code allows selection of different palettes, for displaying various
isodose levels.
Slide 28
Dose distribution in equatorial eye plane, simulated by the SRNA-VOX code, using 50 MeV protons with 1.2 MeV
energy spread. The isodoses are at the values of 20, 60, 80 and 100 % of dose maximum.
50 MeV with spread 1.2 MeV
20 %
60 %
80 %
100 %
Slide 29
Dose distribution in breast in central beam plane simulated by the SRNAVOX code using 65 MeV protons with 1.5 MeV energy spread. The
isodoses are at the values of 20, 60, 80 and 100 % of dose maximum.
20 %
60 %
80 %
100 %
Slide 30
ISTAR advantages
- Software is based on the knowledge and experience acquired in
working on the SRNA
- It is capable to accept CT data for defining patient’s anatomy and
tissue composition
- A simple procedure for selecting the irradiation area and incident
proton beam parameters allow fast and comfortable calculation of
the dose distribution and visualization of it in each CT recorded
slice of the patient’s body.
- Execution time is short enough to be introduced in clinical
practice.
- The statistical error of the obtained results can be made almost
arbitrary small by simple increase of the number of the proton
histories to a few millions, without exceeding e.g. 30 min as
acceptable computer run time.
Slide 31
CONCLUSION
SRNA package advantages:
Enlargement of the proton energy range,
Increasing the efficiency of the implemented algorithms in
order to
Decrease the time necessary for proton transport simulation
Motivation for ISTAR proton dose planning software
development were good results of verification of SRNA
package