Slide 1

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 2

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 3

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 4

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 5

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 6

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 7

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 8

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 9

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 10

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 11

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 12

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 13

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 14

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 15

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 16

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 17

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 18

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 19

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 20

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 21

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 22

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 23

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 24

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 25

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 26

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 27

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 28

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 29

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 30

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 31

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 32

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 33

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 34

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 35

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 36

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 37

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 38

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 39

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 40

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 41

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 42

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 43

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 44

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 45

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 46

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 47

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 48

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 49

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 50

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 51

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 52

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 53

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 54

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 55

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 56

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 57

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 58

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 59

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 60

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 61

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 62

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma


Slide 63

That affect you in your everyday lives:

That affect people your age on a global scale:

COMPUTER BASED EXERCISE
Fed up of listening to your teacher?? Think you could do a
better job?? Well now is your chance.
You will be split into five groups, with each group selecting a topic area. Each
group will need to deliver a 15-20 minute lesson on their allocated topic to the
rest of the class (1 WBQ session). You will have time in your WBQ sessions to
carry out research on the computers and to plan your lessons – all computer
based lessons can be used while working on this element – Social Issues.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

1.Social Issues that affect you

5. Local community

2. Right’s and responsibilities

6. Enterprise

3. Money and finance

7. Influence of Advertising

4. Social conflict

8. Influence of Sport

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts
and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.

4. No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our
slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.

6. You Have Rights No Matter Where You Go. I am a person just like you!
7. We’re All Equal Before the Law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us
all fairly.
8. Your Human Rights Are Protected by Law. We can all ask for the law to help us
when we are not treated fairly.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Continued:
9. No Unfair Detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without good
reason and keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The Right to Trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who
try us should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. We’re Always Innocent Till Proven Guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing
something until it is proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to
show it is not true.
12. The Right to Privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the
right to come into our home, open our letters, or bother us or our family without a
good reason.
13. Freedom to Move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country
and to travel as we wish.
14. The Right to Seek a Safe Place to Live. If we are frightened of being badly treated
in our own country, we all have the right to run away to another country to be safe.
15. Right to a Nationality. We all have the right to belong to a country.

UK Human Right’s Act of 1998
the right to life
 freedom from torture and degraded treatment
freedom from slavery and forced labour
the right to liberty
 the right to a fair trial
the right not to be punished for something that wasn't a crime when you did it
 the right to respect for private and family life
 freedom of thought, conscience and religion
 freedom of expression

 freedom of assembly and association
 the right to marry or form a civil partnership and start a family
 the right not to be discriminated against in respect of these rights and freedoms
 the right to own property

 the right to an education
the right to participate in free elections

List the human rights which have been infringed.

Why So Many?

Should there be Freedom of
Movement?

1. Loyalty to the state
2. Abiding by the law
3. Using your vote and taking part in democratic
process
4. Taking care of the environment
5. Respecting the rights of others

The action is set in the town of Bandung - watch the presentation and see if you
can guess where Bandung is located

100,000 Rupiah for each person who writes the correct answer below:

"NIKIDAS"
(2 managers)
You make money from selling high quality sportswear.
You license local factories to produce the shirts at the lowest possible price. Your aim is
to make as many shirts as possible during the game, while keeping your costs as low as
you can.
At the start of the game (month 1), you must present a design for a new shirt to the
workers and factory owners. You will award a license to supply shirts to the factories
that are able to make a neat and accurate example of the design. Once a factory has
gained a license, they can supply you with shirts. You should your suppliers sign a
contract. During month 2 of the game you will pay 50,000 Rupiah per finished shirt.
From the third month you can set your own price for buying shirts. If the shirts fall
below your quality control standards, you can refuse to pay the full price, or as a last
resort, you can take away a factories’ license. Factory owners must produce their license
when they sell shirts to you to avoid counterfeiting.

"SHIRT TEX"
(2 workers)
Your job is to supply materials to the factories. You need to make as much profit as
possible.
At the start of the game all materials cost 20,000 Rupiah. After the first month you can
set your own price for materials.

LANDLORD
(2 landlords)
Your job is to collect rent from the workers and factory owners at the end of each
month. This is 100,000 Rupiah each for the first 2 months. After 2 months you can
increase the rent if you want.

BANK
(2 managers)
Your job is to lend money to anyone who needs it during the game. You must charge
interest on your lending. Your aim is to make a profit on your investments. Keep a
record of your investments during the game. You need to try and persuade other players
to borrow from you throughout the game.
WORKER
(12 workers)
You are an unskilled worker. Your aim during the game is to stay out of debt and make
enough money each month to survive. You start the game with 100,000 Rupiah. You
have to find employment in a factory and then earn at least 100,000 Rupiah to be able
to afford your first months rent. You have to negotiate your wages with the factory
owner. You can leave the factory after the end of each month. If you leave earlier you
won't get paid. The bank will lend you money if you need it.
You are responsible for making the shirts under the direction of the factory owner. Your
work must be neat and accurate or you could be fired.

FACTORY OWNER
(10 owners)
You own a small factory. Your role is to produce shirts for Nikidas. You have to
purchase raw materials from a local supplier at the cheapest possible price and
negotiate a contract to supply Nikidas. You must compete with other factories for the
license to supply Nikidas. You also have to pay your workers. During the game you will
have to keep your costs as low as possible, yet maintain a high quality of
manufacturing. If you lose your license you might have to become a worker! At the
start of the game you must employ a worker and then get them to make a shirt. You
must then try to get Nikidas to place an order with your factory. Your aim is to make
as much money as possible from the shirts you sell. You are free to pay your worker
what ever you like but if they cannot pay their rent (100,000 Rupiah each month) they
might leave your factory. If you need to borrow money you must go to the bank. After
the first month you can sack workers or take on more staff. You also need to pay rent
to the landlord each month.

INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
(Your Teacher)
Your priority is to make sure that Nikidas stay in your country. You should oversee the
trading and if necessary, make laws and fix prices for materials, wages and rents. Players
can petition you if they have disagreements. You are also responsible for Indonesian
time keeping! You may decide to raise prices of raw materials in response to inflation.
At the end of each month stop all activity, allow players to total earnings and pay debts,
have a transfer window for workers, and get some feedback from selected players.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

RULES:
• No one must use any materials other than as supplied.

• Factory owners are not allowed to do any work themselves!
•Factories cannot sell shirts to Nikidas without a license.
• There is no limit to how many workers can be employed by a single factory.
• In the event of a dispute, the government makes the final ruling.

• Players may be fined by the government, but for very serious offences, they may be
jailed and removed from the game.
• The government may stop the game at any time to make announcements about rules,
outcomes of disputes, and other factors affecting trading including inflation, natural
disasters etc.

1. Assume that Nikidas can make a profit of 500.000 Rupiah on each shirt - how much
money have they made (not including initial money provided)?
2. How much did Shirt Tex make?

3. How much did the landlords make?

4. How much did the bank managers make (not including initial money provided)?
5. How much did the factory owners make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

6. How much did the workers make on average (not including initial money
provided)?

CLIP 1:

WHAT ARE YOUR
THOUGHTS?

CLIP 2:

• How many of you have chores at home?
• How many of you have jobs?
• How old do you have to be to work?
• What do you receive in exchange for the work that you do?

THE LEGAL
AGE IN THE UK?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN SWEDEN?

16

THE LEGAL
AGE IN GERMANY?

15

THE LEGAL
AGE IN INDIA?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN EGYPT?

14

THE LEGAL
AGE IN TRINIDAD?

12

THE LEGAL
AGE IN JAPAN?

15

NO LEGAL
MINIMUM
WORKING AGE
FOR CHILDREN

CHILD LABOUR: Fill in the Blanks
12

15

Hazardous

School attendance
Better life

18

20

Physical

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK?
• Lack of decent jobs for adults.
• Large families require a variety of incomes to feed their members.

• Some jobs require small hands and bodies (sewing, crawling in small
spaces).
• Agriculture jobs pay by the amount of produce picked. This system
encourages families to bring more children into the field to help collect
farmed goods.
• Poor families can't afford to send their children to school.

WHY ARE CHILDREN FORCED TO WORK (Cont.)?
•It is cheaper to pay small children because they are less likely to complain
than adults.
• Many families around the world are unfamiliar with the rights of their
children and deem it acceptable to send children to work.
• Girls are often kept at home to look after younger children and do
household chores.
• Families think that school won't help their children survive. Therefore,
they send children to work where they can make money to feed themselves
and family members.

• Migrant children don't live in one place long enough to attend school;
instead they work in the fields with their parents.
DISCUSSION POINT:
Do any of the reasons you have listed, or those displayed by your teacher justify child
labour? Should children work to help feed their families? What if a parent is disabled or
incapable of providing food for the family, should the child forego school and work
instead?

THE PERFECT SWEATSHOP WORKER…
Look at the table below… Select the 5 characteristics that would be most important to
you, and for each one, explain why it is important.
Aged between 12 & 16

Trade union member

Male

Ambitious

Tall

Nimble fingers

Kind

Strong hands

Slim

Married with a family

A leader

Female

Fit

Uneducated

Sociable

Educated

Single person

Currently in debt

Has strong opinions

Independent

Aged over 20

Tkative

Good team worker

Lives locally

WHAT CAN BE DONE?
•don't purchase materials that might have been made by children, boycott
companies that have children in their work force.
• International Labour Organization (ILO) works to raise awareness and promote
the collection of information about the plight of child labourers.
• World Day Against Child Labour
• Support the work of NGO’s (Non governmental organisations/charities) in
fighting against child labour.
• Work to get all countries to sign an international agreement on working
conditions and minimum working age.

Sooner or later you will be making some important financial decisions. This section of
your social issues booklet will provide you with the skills you need to help you to make
informed decisions.
As we work through this section of your social issues booklet we will follow the
financial decisions and choices made by 2 fictional characters –Daniel and Holly both
aged 14.
Dan likes school ....most of the time, is in to fast cars and can’t wait to pass his driving
test.
Holly loves mixing with friends, parties and shopping, and when she is older she wants
to travel the world and be an air hostess.

Financial Planning
In this section we will deal with financial planning in terms of income, expenditure and
savings:
Let’s start by looking at Holly:
‘My financial planning is fairly simple really, I get £10 pocket money each week, or
which I spend approximately..... £10. So I have no savings. And before you ask, no I am
far too busy to think about a part time job, I have plenty of time to think about that
when I am older.’
Now let’s consider Dan’s finances:
‘My income works out as £5 per week as pocket money at the moment, I am thinking
about getting a part time job though so that I can spend a bit more on myself. I do feel
that I should be saving some of my income though.’
Q29. 20% of £5 = £1
Q30. 30% of £5 = £1.50
Q31. 30% of £5 = £1.75

Q32. £5-£1 = £4

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘So really all I need to do now is find a part time job. But before I leap in, I feel
that I need to carry out some research to find out how to get a job and if there are any
legal issues that I should be aware of.’
‘Most children under the age of 13 are not allowed to work in part time jobs. Employment
law clearly states that children are not allowed to work during school hours, before 7am
or after 7pm on any day. A permit must be obtained from the local education authority
to allow a child to work. Factories and industrial sites are not considered appropriate
places for children and are not allowed to employ under 18’s. There is also no minimum
wage for children under 16.’
Q35. No

Q38. No

Q36. Yes

Q39.Yes

Q37. No

Q40. £5 – Remember that Dan also gets £5
pocket money a week, so his income is £25.
Q41. £20
Q42. £7.50
Q43. £8.75

Financial Planning (cont.)
Dan: ‘Everyone tells me that I should save my money in a building society or bank, so I
think it would be a good idea to find out more about how they work.’
Dan: ‘A bank will lend MY money to other people – so what’s in it for me then’
Q44. The bank will pay Dan interest on his savings

The interest that banks pay out on savings is calculated as a percentage and is usually
quoted as an annual rate. Similarly when they lend out money they charge interest on
these loans.
Q45. Banks make money by charging higher interest rates on loans than they pay
out in interest

THE CREDIT CRUNCH
Dan: ‘I have just been reading about the credit crunch and problems with the banks and
I’ve been thinking, what if my bank gets into trouble, what’s going to happen to my
savings?’
Clip 1: Customers queue at Northern Rock
Q46. It is the only branch in the area that can deal with the problems
Q47. Worried that Northern Rock would go bankrupt and that they would lose
their money
Clip 2: Northern Rock Panic
Q48. Well over 1 billion pounds
Q49. Everyone from the Bank of England to the Chancellor
Q50. Don’t Panic

THE CREDIT CRUNCH (cont.)
Clip 3: Savings protection under new legislation
Q51. The state opening of parliament
Q52. Savings up op to 35 thousand pound
Clip 4: Duncan Bannatyne’s view on the credit crunch
Q53. George Bush

Q54. Tried to take over lady leisure – lost 1 million and 40 thousand pounds.
Clip 5: UK banking crisis deepens as share prices tumble
Q55. RBS – Royal bank of Scotland
Q56. Shareholders

Interest Rates
The Bank of Owen has an interest rate of 5% per year:
Q57. £50
Q58. £75
Q59. £105

Q60. £260
Q61. £13
Q62. £73

Q63. £278.20

Interest Rates (cont.)
18

30

42

53

65

£1306

£4420

£7540

£10400

£13520

£180

£254

£9432

£22802

£51183

£1486

£4674

£16972

£33202

£64703

Dan’s own
savings (Your
estimate)
Interest received
(Your estimate)
Total (Your
estimate)
Dan’s own
savings (Actual
figure)
Interest received
(Actual Figure)
Total (Actual
figure)

EXPENDITURE:

1. Budget for holiday

4. Holiday insurance

2. Choose destination

5. Packing

3. Holiday money

6. Work out overall cost

Holly: ‘I can’t wait to go away and get a tan, there are 4 of us going and the most that
we can spend on flight’s and accommodation is £550’

ANY SUGGESTIONS?

Currency:

Tokyo

Yen?

Kroner?

Japan

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Ibiza

Yen?

Kroner?

Spain

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Honolulu
Hawaii

Yen?

Kroner?

USA

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Stockholm

Yen?

Kroner?

Sweden

Euros?

Dollars?

Currency:

Paris

Yen?

Kroner?

France

Euros?

Dollars?

d) Ibiza is the obvious choice with
others not ticking all boxes on the
checklist.

e) £175
f) £395
g) £56.42 or some may suggest £50 per day which will leave a cushion

Cash, Card or Travellers Cheques?:
Bank/Credit Cards

Cash

Travellers cheques

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Advantages

Accepted in
most
countries

Commission
charges can
be high

Is accepted
everywhere

Unlikely to
be retrieved
if lost or
stolen

Secure

Need to be
purchased in
advance

Avoids
having to
carry cash

Some cards
have hidden
service
charges.

Easy to
exchange

Rates of
commission
can be high

Easily
replaced

Not accepted
everywhere

Require
signature
and proof of
identity to
cash

Not
transferrable

More secure
than cash

It is more
difficult to
control
spending

Useful for
making small
purchases

At 1.14 Euros to the pound she would get 456 Euros
j) The sensible option would be a little cash, and cards or travellers cheques
for the rest.
k) Some likely suggestions could be:
Taken ill
Huge medical bill
Lost money or cards stolen
Lost passport
Travel delays

m) £550 holiday, £395 spending money, £35 travel insurance, £100 purchases
for holiday = £1080

The Influence
of Sport

Sport and Advertising:
Q72. Large target audience, large range of people can be targeted, influence of
sport can be utilised.
Q73. A variety can apply depending on sports watched: Alcohol, electrical
products, cars, airlines, holiday destinations, sports companies, betting
companies etc.

Q74. Adverts at half time/intervals, Bill boards/barriers around pitches, sponsors
on kit/jerseys, brands on cars, sponsored shows, stadium names etc.
Q75. Adults mainly.
Q76. The youth market is worth billions to advertisers. Just looking at North
America – every year children aged between 9 and 14 spend 1.7 billion dollars of
their own money and influence 10 times that amount in family spending – the ‘nag
factor’.
Q77. Alcohol and tobacco related products, gambling companies.
Q78. Alcohol marketers hope that by pairing their products with winning athletes
and teams, consumers will make similar associations with their products.

Sport and Advertising:
Q79. No matter you, say the reality is that that alcohol companies need new
drinkers to replace adult drinkers who die. At the very least companies hope
continues exposure to their brand will foster loyalty at an early age, so when
young people do start drinking they will choose their product.

Q80. Research has found that young children’s exposure to alcohol is related to
higher drinking expectancies, as well as greater consumption. Children are
more likely to model behaviour they perceive to be desirable, realistic and
rewarding; pairing drinking with positive aspects of sport reinforces these
perceptions. Children who are exposed to sponsored sporting events are likely
to associate brand and logos with professional athletes. Research has
concluded that youngsters develop awareness of alcohol at an early age in part
because of exposure to alcohol advertisements and sponsorship.

Sport and Advertising: RUGBY UNION

Sport and Advertising: FORMULA ONE

Sport and Advertising: FOOTBALL

Sport and Advertising:
SPORT

TEAM/VENUE/EVENT

BRAND

PRODUCT

Sport and Advertising:
Product Advertised

TV Adverts

‘Sneaky Ad’s’
Advertising
through branding
at placements,
logos, sponsorship
etc

Age Group

WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD (WEW) – ELEMENT 2: SOCIAL ISSUES
1. Describe activities you have taken part in:

2. Write about what you have learnt from taking part in these activities
and what you enjoyed about them.
3. Select one piece of evidence from your social issues booklet which backs up
comments made in your evaluation
4. Replace page 3 in your Welsh Baccalaureate Diary with your evaluation sheet and
evidence.
5. Remember to be as through as possible as this will count towards your WBQ
diploma