Perforating the masonry walls in rehabilitation of masonry Buildings using center core method Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie Center core method is the good.
Download ReportTranscript Perforating the masonry walls in rehabilitation of masonry Buildings using center core method Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie Center core method is the good.
Slide 1
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 2
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 3
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 4
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 5
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 6
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 7
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 8
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 9
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 10
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 11
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 12
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 13
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 14
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 15
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 16
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 17
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 18
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 19
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 20
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 21
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 22
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 23
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 24
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 25
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 26
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 27
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 28
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 29
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 2
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 3
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 4
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 5
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 6
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 7
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 8
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 9
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 10
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 11
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 12
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 13
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 14
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 15
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 16
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 17
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 18
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 19
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 20
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 21
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 22
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 23
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 24
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 25
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 26
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 27
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 28
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention
Slide 29
Perforating the masonry walls in
rehabilitation of masonry
Buildings using center core method
Alireza Mahdizadeh - Jamaledin Borzouie
Center core method is the good suggestion for retrofitting of
Historical masonry buildings due to non-destructive
construction.
Importance of Historical Buildings
Cultural Importance
Economy of tourists
Economic Impacts
Life loss ( Historical schools)
Large cost of renovation
after earthquake
Arg-e-Bam and Bam earthquake,2003
The largest adobe building in the world
The origins of Bam : 6th to 4th centuries BC
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Time needed for rebuild of this structure after damage of Bam earthquake :12 years
Total cost for rebuild : 120 million $
Before Bam Earthquake,2003
After Bam Earthquake,2003
Solution
Why Center core?
others
1%
concrete
2%
steel
8%
Large number of
masonry buildings
Masonry
89%
Non-destructive method
Without Evacuation
Steps
Problems
Perforating the
masonry walls
How to perforate masonry walls
without any cracks on wall
surface
Placing bars in
holes
Area, Distance, Number of bars
Placing grout
in holes
Properties of grout
the building was studied under the critical conditions
Very weak mortar
Strong bricks
Loose finishing of the wall
Wall thickness is at most
30 centimetres
selected school: Do Shahid
The building has 3 The
stories
Aged about 50 years
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Hydraulic
Rotary
Drilling
Rod transmits
machinethe
produces
rotatingthe
force
energy
to the stabilizer
for rotation
and
ofbit
the bit
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Stabilizer reduces the lateral movements
and bit shaking along the drilling path
Parts of Drilling systems
Drilling Machine
Rod
Stabilizer
Bits
Bit penetrates through the depth and
determines the drilling path
Principle of design
4 boreholes (total 28 m height) were perforated in this project.
In each borehole, drilling technique, equipments and bits were
changed or design according to the damage in the wall surface .
After observation of these cracks the wall surface was
destructed; moreover, a new bit or stabilizer was designed
according to movement of bit on surface of bricks and other
observations ( air pressure, rotation of bit ...) to obtain the most
suitable ones.
Step 1: changing available Bits and Stabilizers
in drilling to obtain general vision for next step
Bit properties
Diamond
Non coring
D: 76 mm
Diamond
Coring
D: 76 mm
TC
Coring
D: 93mm
picture
Damage
Bit deviation due to large
contact surface with cement
How we deal with this
new
Cracks were observed In the
part of the wall due
problem? weakest
to high air pressure and lack
of mortar in the gap between
two bricks, the air flow pushes
the finishing and damages it
such that cuttings were
dispersed.
Bit properties
TC
Non coring
D: 93 mm
picture
Damage
Cracks appear due to weak
bricking
Good Suggestion for next step
TC
Non coring
D: 66mm
Finishing remains unhurt
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
TC
Non coring
D: 76 mm
TC 6 mm×6mm
New changes:
Increaseof TC dimension: 6 mm×6mm
New ways for exist of cuttings
Step 2: Designing new bits and stabilizers by
result of past drillings
Increase
dimension of
cuttings
A Cutting act
as a base
Spiral motion
of drilling
system
Crack in wall
surface
To prevent spiral motion and lateral motion Special
stabilization was designed
These holes were considered for escape of cuttings
Adding this type of stabilization decrease lateral movement; however, these holes
do not supply enough area for escape of cuttings
……Other bits and a stabilizer were designed and
cracks that appeared in each step led to
development of final drilling system and technical
drilling….
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Final Bit
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
How the new designed bit act?
Masonry Wall
Rod
Escape line
Of cuttings
Masonry Wall
Non-Coring part
Main Drilling part
Coring part of bit
guide the bit way
Conclusion
1. Rate of penetration with non-coring bits is high. However, these bits
are not as precise as coring bits. In spite of high precision coring bits
are not so fast due to several pull out of the bits for emptying the
cores.
2. If non-coring bits are used, as the size of TCs increases, the
deviation of the hole will increase. Larger cuttings lead to asymmetric
engagement of TC and cuttings and make a permanent change in the
axis of rotation.
Conclusion
3. Stabilizers are used to increase the accuracy and decrease the
deviation in drilling path. Although, it must be noted that they
increase air pressure on the surface of the holes and crack the
finishing.
4. The most important result of this study is the combination of coring
and non-coring bits. To stabilize the drilling path and decrease the
deviation, a guide is installed on the TC-Non-Coring bit instead of
stabilizers. On the whole, this drilling bit contains a TC Coring bit
which cores from the masonry walls. This bit penetrates through the
wall as a guide and prevents the bit from deviation and out of axis
rotation. In a short distance from the TC-Coring bit, TC Non-Coring bit
is installed. This bit crushes the cores and makes the cuttings ready for
being removed from the hole as dust. The smaller the cuttings are, the
lower air pressure is needed to remove them.
Conclusion
5. This newly invented bit could use for mining, oil and other
excavations as well.
6. Hydraulic drilling machines have a better performance
compared to SGZ Rotary machine because they are larger.
7. The drilling technique must be such that the bit pressure would
be minimum.
Conclusion
8. The brick type, mortar and the quality of bricking are
determining factors for setting the drilling speed and air pressure.
It seems that we can’t have exact quantities of such factors now;
however, an expert drilling operator may achieve this.
9. During drilling operation, the speed of rotation and air pressure
could be set by observing the size of cuttings. An expert can
minimize the size of cuttings by paying attention to it.
Thanks for your kind Attention