United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Phytophthora ramorum Working Group Update Gray Haun, NPB and Prakash Hebbar,
Download ReportTranscript United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Phytophthora ramorum Working Group Update Gray Haun, NPB and Prakash Hebbar,
Slide 1
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Phytophthora ramorum
Working Group Update
Gray Haun, NPB and
Prakash Hebbar, APHIS-PPQ
Indianapolis, IN - July 25-29, 2010
Slide 2
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Phytophthora ramorum National Program Review
• Vision Statement
• The program will take a proactive approach to
protect native biodiversity, wild lands and
managed landscapes from P. ramorum through a
system of voluntary and mandatory (best
management practices) approaches focused on
critical control points
Slide 3
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Regulatory Action Items
•
•
•
•
Reviewing and revising regulatory protocols to take
into account CCPs, high-risk plants, as well as soil
and water positives.
Conducting in-depth analysis of port-of-entry data
and revising the current Q37 protocols.
Conducting a national nursery survey for P. ramorum
in 2010 as funded by Farm Bill (Section 10201).
Developing clear guidelines (triggers) for
regulation/deregulation.
Slide 4
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Regulatory Working Groups
•
Co-chairs – Gray Haun and Prakash Hebbar
•
Lists tasks, Outline Implementation Strategy, Success Measures,
Resources Needed, Time Lines
•
Sub-teams and chairs:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Q37 – Shashank Nilakhe (TX); Matthew Travis (PPQ)
High Risk Plants – Kathleen Kosta (CA); Carolyn Pizzo (PPQ)
Nursery Field Teams – Jan Hedberg (OR); Steven Whitesides
Critical Control Points/ Best Management Practices – Carol Holko (MD); Catherine
Marzolf (PPQ)
Protocols – Victoria Smith (CT); Stacy Scott (PPQ)
Triggers – Gary Gibson (WV); Steven Miller (PPQ)
Regulatory Survey – Dennis Barclift (AL); Anthony Man-Son-Hing (PPQ)
The sub-groups had 18 calls (May 20 – July 21) and meetings in total
Brief outlines from sub team leaders and Next Steps
Slide 5
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Q37
Plant Co-chairs:
Protection Shashank
and Quarantine
Nilakhe (TX); Matthew Travis (PPQ)
Objective: Implement measures to eliminate or reduce artificial introduction of
P. ramorum into United States
•
Evaluate Q37 program for P. ramorum host plant imports
•
Issues covered: Identify high risk countries, NL? UK? China?; Imports
from Canada, data analysis, tracking plant movement, testing plants at
POE, monitoring production practices
•
In-depth analysis of ports of entry (POE) data and determine risk
•
Compiled and evaluated P. ramorum host plant import data for top 5
hosts. Volume lower than previously estimated. Peak months of
imports March-June
•
Shipments in East : Miami>JFK>Orlando>Atlanta>Linden
•
Shipments in West : Seattle>Hawaii>Los Angeles>Louisiana
•
Improve tracking host plant movement, from POE to destination
•
Use of bar codes to track nursery plants is in the planning phase
(CPHST). Better use of #264 data by States.
Slide 6
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Q37
Plant Co-chairs:
Protection Shashank
and Quarantine
Nilakhe (TX); Matthew Travis (PPQ)
Objective: Implement measures to eliminate or reduce artificial introduction of
P. ramorum into United States
•
Monitoring production practices in origins
•
Steps are considered for reviewing production practices and
certification procedure used by nurseries shipping to U.S.
•
Screening of plant imports /rapid diagnostics
•
Post-entry inspection of plants cleared by PISs is under consideration.
•
A pilot project for rapid diagnostic P. ramorum at 2 inspection stations
is in the planning phase. Need input from CPHST/Molecular
Diagnostics Lab on test kits.
•
Review regulations and suggest improvements : Post –entry quarantine
vs. Certification
Slide 7
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
High Risk Plants
Co-chairs: Kathleen Kosta (CA); Carolyn Pizzo (PPQ)
Objective:
Analyze data on P. ramorum detections and associated host plants
•
In-depth analysis of data on hosts and P. ramorum detections
•
Western Region data gathered, pending data from eastern region
•
Review data spring and fall
•
Completed by Fall 2010
•
Develop Criteria for determining high-risk plants
•
Review Literature (Camellia, Rhododendron, Viburnum, Kalmia, Peiris still top 5)
•
Determine Risks: Rank nursery in terms of shipping volume, size/age of plant, host
plant susceptibility, containerized vs. bare roots
•
Data request from nursery industry
•
Provide recommendations on “high risk plants” to improve existing protocols and
regulatory framework
•
Random sampling of asymptomatic plants (ELISA/PCR), e.g. ELISA tests in WA to
determine vulnerability of nurseries to P. ramorum
•
Soil testing for containers with Camellias as infected leaves tend to drop
•
Stricter control of Fungicides masking disease symptoms
Slide 8
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Nursery Field Teams
Co-chairs: Jan Hedberg (OR); Steven Whitesides
Objective: Pilot role of nursery assessment teams as first responders
– Define Role and Scope of Nursery Field Teams –
• Certification, delimitation, recommending BMPs, Education,
• Determine CCPs and encourage BMPs for first time positive nurseries,
repeat nurseries required to identify CCPs and implement BMPs
• Use of mobile labs for processing high volume delimitation surveys,
efficacy needs evaluation.
– Review Current Soil/water Mitigation Methods –
• Pre-irrigation treatment and treatment of water run-off needed –
nursery specific (chemical or biological)
• Faster, reliable and standardized soil/water assay methods needed
Slide 9
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Nursery Field Teams
Co-chairs: Jan Hedberg (OR); Steven Whitesides
Objective: Pilot role of nursery assessment teams as first responders
– Recommend mitigation methods for water runoffs –
• Water holding ponds for nurseries (e.g. In OR nurseries >5 a required to
have a collection pond)
– Provide feed-back to NORS-DUC on applied research –
• Quality control assessment of ELISA, PCR detection kits, water
treatment methods
• Training personnel in detection methods
– Assess risks to wild lands from positive nurseries - containment strategy
needed
Slide 10
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Critical Control Points (CCP)/ Best Management Practices (BMP):
Carol Holko (MD); Catherine Marzolf (PPQ)
Objective: Define, assess, and rank
CCPs and BMPs for consideration in developing
regulatory protocols and defining applied research needs (NORS-DUC).
Accomplishments:
•
Defined CCP – “the point where a control measure can be used to
prevent or eliminate a plant health hazard or to reduce it to an
acceptable level”
•
Defined BMPs – “a set of phytosanitary standards applied at CCPs in
order to address the biosecurity or safeguarding hazard and enhance
plant quality. ”
•
Identified 6 CCPs – Plants, Pots, Media, Water, Substrate, Conveyance
•
Created menu of BMP options available to address each CCP
•
A flexible nursery plan developed with state/federal officials is
recommended as a useful tool for implementation of the BMPs
•
Identified research needs
Slide 11
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Protocols:
Victoria Smith (CT); Stacy Scott (PPQ)
Objective: Tailor and revise regulatory protocols to apply BMPs
•
Review feasibility of application of BMPs in conjunction with CCPs as a part of
Confirmed and Retail Nursery protocols
- Once the CCPs/BMPs Working group gets a good draft, and after a thorough vetting
process, incorporate into the CNPs and appendices.
- Our working group has drafted a “first time” and “repeat” nursery course of action
•
Tailor and revise regulatory options and protocols in conjunction with BMPs/CCP
- Interesting questions that have surfaced on how to best incorporate BMPs/CCP into
protocols and regulations:
- The working group is querying states on how they require actions, such as BMPs:
compliance agreement versus EANs.
- How do states register big landscapers that hold stock (are landscapers who maintain a
holding lot of wholesale plants)? It seems they are out of the regulatory loop
- The working group is canvassing states on this question
Slide 12
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Protocols:
Victoria Smith (CT); Stacy Scott (PPQ)
•
Provide suggestions to improve P. ramorum regulations to incorporate
BMPs
•
We are reviewing language in CNP 8.0 versus 8.1 to get the best
information and clarity forward into a new version.
•
Review and revise Confirmed and Retail Nursery protocols (e.g
update, flow charts, check lists, user friendly options), especially to
reflect the Prenotification Federal Order
•
Review CNP terminology and bring clarity and consistency in terms
between the CNPs and the Regulations. (see “lot” versus “block”)
Slide 13
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Triggers:
Gary Gibson (WV); Steven Miller (PPQ)
Objective: Develop clear guidelines (triggers) for regulation and de-regulation
•
Define what constitutes triggers for Pram in nurseries and wild lands
Water (stream) positives are not triggers – trigger further surveys
Disease in the natural environment (on plants) and not linked to a
nursery
Pathogen should be cultured repeatedly prior to quarantine
designation
•
Review and validate triggers for designating a county as quarantined for
P. ramorum
Disease in the natural environment should be cultured repeatedly
prior to quarantine designation
Initial county level quarantine in place until delimitation survey is
complete
Slide 14
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Triggers:
Gary Gibson (WV); Steven Miller (PPQ)
Objective: Develop clear guidelines (triggers) for regulation and de-regulation
•
Review and validate triggers for designating a county as regulated for P.
ramorum
Regulation based on nursery positives alone should be applied
equally across the country
Removal of currently regulated areas favored to adding new areas
under regulation based on only nursery positives
•
Determine if there are appropriate triggers to release areas/counties
from regulation in areas where the pathogen is established
Undertake OR (Curry County) model for limiting the
spread/eradication
Followed by at least 3 years of negative surveys before being released
Slide 15
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Regulatory Surveys:
Dennis Barclift (AL); Anthony Man-Son-Hing (PPQ)
• Definition of a regulatory survey
• Stand alone Survey;
• Enhanced Survey;
• Sampling/Testing;
• What to collect, When and under what conditions
• Use of modern technologies
• Foliar
• Growing Media
• Water
• Substrate
Slide 16
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Regulatory Surveys:
• At this time, data is all over the chart.
• There is no corelation between positives
among the sampling populations.
• We need this fall’s data with 2011 data to
draw significant conclusions.
• Proposed one-time survey information sheet
(electronic?)
Slide 17
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection andNext
Quarantine
Steps/Time
lines
•
August-October 2010: Share output with the Nursery Practices
Coordination group and the Research Coordination Group, joint
discussions on action items, measures, timelines and resources.
•
October 2010: Regulatory Sub-groups will meet, discussions with NPB
•
December 2010: Outputs from all the working groups compiled,
reviewed, and published.
•
Jan - March 2011 joint review of work plans, time lines with Nursery
Practices, Regulatory and Research Coordination Groups
•
Jan 2011 onwards: Implementation of (short-term) recommendations
in consultation with the stake holders. E.g. changes to protocols.
•
March 2011 onwards: Implementation of long-term recommendations
e.g. scaling up of need-based BMPs through GAIP, US NCP, Industry
initiatives; Initiate regulatory work plans, public comments, changes.
Slide 18
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Acknowledgements
National Plant Board
State Plant Regulatory Officers
Nursery Industry – ANLA-HRI-Associations
USDA-ARS
USDA-FS
USDA-NIFA
National IPM Center
Universities: Davis, OSU, Berkeley, Clemson,
Washington State, NORS-DOC,
California Oak Mortality Task Force
TNC
National Plant Diagnostics Network
CPHST
APHIS-PPQ Western / Eastern Regions
State Plant Health Directors
APHIS-PPQ: Plant Health Programs
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Phytophthora ramorum
Working Group Update
Gray Haun, NPB and
Prakash Hebbar, APHIS-PPQ
Indianapolis, IN - July 25-29, 2010
Slide 2
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Phytophthora ramorum National Program Review
• Vision Statement
• The program will take a proactive approach to
protect native biodiversity, wild lands and
managed landscapes from P. ramorum through a
system of voluntary and mandatory (best
management practices) approaches focused on
critical control points
Slide 3
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Regulatory Action Items
•
•
•
•
Reviewing and revising regulatory protocols to take
into account CCPs, high-risk plants, as well as soil
and water positives.
Conducting in-depth analysis of port-of-entry data
and revising the current Q37 protocols.
Conducting a national nursery survey for P. ramorum
in 2010 as funded by Farm Bill (Section 10201).
Developing clear guidelines (triggers) for
regulation/deregulation.
Slide 4
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Regulatory Working Groups
•
Co-chairs – Gray Haun and Prakash Hebbar
•
Lists tasks, Outline Implementation Strategy, Success Measures,
Resources Needed, Time Lines
•
Sub-teams and chairs:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Q37 – Shashank Nilakhe (TX); Matthew Travis (PPQ)
High Risk Plants – Kathleen Kosta (CA); Carolyn Pizzo (PPQ)
Nursery Field Teams – Jan Hedberg (OR); Steven Whitesides
Critical Control Points/ Best Management Practices – Carol Holko (MD); Catherine
Marzolf (PPQ)
Protocols – Victoria Smith (CT); Stacy Scott (PPQ)
Triggers – Gary Gibson (WV); Steven Miller (PPQ)
Regulatory Survey – Dennis Barclift (AL); Anthony Man-Son-Hing (PPQ)
The sub-groups had 18 calls (May 20 – July 21) and meetings in total
Brief outlines from sub team leaders and Next Steps
Slide 5
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Q37
Plant Co-chairs:
Protection Shashank
and Quarantine
Nilakhe (TX); Matthew Travis (PPQ)
Objective: Implement measures to eliminate or reduce artificial introduction of
P. ramorum into United States
•
Evaluate Q37 program for P. ramorum host plant imports
•
Issues covered: Identify high risk countries, NL? UK? China?; Imports
from Canada, data analysis, tracking plant movement, testing plants at
POE, monitoring production practices
•
In-depth analysis of ports of entry (POE) data and determine risk
•
Compiled and evaluated P. ramorum host plant import data for top 5
hosts. Volume lower than previously estimated. Peak months of
imports March-June
•
Shipments in East : Miami>JFK>Orlando>Atlanta>Linden
•
Shipments in West : Seattle>Hawaii>Los Angeles>Louisiana
•
Improve tracking host plant movement, from POE to destination
•
Use of bar codes to track nursery plants is in the planning phase
(CPHST). Better use of #264 data by States.
Slide 6
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Q37
Plant Co-chairs:
Protection Shashank
and Quarantine
Nilakhe (TX); Matthew Travis (PPQ)
Objective: Implement measures to eliminate or reduce artificial introduction of
P. ramorum into United States
•
Monitoring production practices in origins
•
Steps are considered for reviewing production practices and
certification procedure used by nurseries shipping to U.S.
•
Screening of plant imports /rapid diagnostics
•
Post-entry inspection of plants cleared by PISs is under consideration.
•
A pilot project for rapid diagnostic P. ramorum at 2 inspection stations
is in the planning phase. Need input from CPHST/Molecular
Diagnostics Lab on test kits.
•
Review regulations and suggest improvements : Post –entry quarantine
vs. Certification
Slide 7
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
High Risk Plants
Co-chairs: Kathleen Kosta (CA); Carolyn Pizzo (PPQ)
Objective:
Analyze data on P. ramorum detections and associated host plants
•
In-depth analysis of data on hosts and P. ramorum detections
•
Western Region data gathered, pending data from eastern region
•
Review data spring and fall
•
Completed by Fall 2010
•
Develop Criteria for determining high-risk plants
•
Review Literature (Camellia, Rhododendron, Viburnum, Kalmia, Peiris still top 5)
•
Determine Risks: Rank nursery in terms of shipping volume, size/age of plant, host
plant susceptibility, containerized vs. bare roots
•
Data request from nursery industry
•
Provide recommendations on “high risk plants” to improve existing protocols and
regulatory framework
•
Random sampling of asymptomatic plants (ELISA/PCR), e.g. ELISA tests in WA to
determine vulnerability of nurseries to P. ramorum
•
Soil testing for containers with Camellias as infected leaves tend to drop
•
Stricter control of Fungicides masking disease symptoms
Slide 8
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Nursery Field Teams
Co-chairs: Jan Hedberg (OR); Steven Whitesides
Objective: Pilot role of nursery assessment teams as first responders
– Define Role and Scope of Nursery Field Teams –
• Certification, delimitation, recommending BMPs, Education,
• Determine CCPs and encourage BMPs for first time positive nurseries,
repeat nurseries required to identify CCPs and implement BMPs
• Use of mobile labs for processing high volume delimitation surveys,
efficacy needs evaluation.
– Review Current Soil/water Mitigation Methods –
• Pre-irrigation treatment and treatment of water run-off needed –
nursery specific (chemical or biological)
• Faster, reliable and standardized soil/water assay methods needed
Slide 9
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Nursery Field Teams
Co-chairs: Jan Hedberg (OR); Steven Whitesides
Objective: Pilot role of nursery assessment teams as first responders
– Recommend mitigation methods for water runoffs –
• Water holding ponds for nurseries (e.g. In OR nurseries >5 a required to
have a collection pond)
– Provide feed-back to NORS-DUC on applied research –
• Quality control assessment of ELISA, PCR detection kits, water
treatment methods
• Training personnel in detection methods
– Assess risks to wild lands from positive nurseries - containment strategy
needed
Slide 10
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Critical Control Points (CCP)/ Best Management Practices (BMP):
Carol Holko (MD); Catherine Marzolf (PPQ)
Objective: Define, assess, and rank
CCPs and BMPs for consideration in developing
regulatory protocols and defining applied research needs (NORS-DUC).
Accomplishments:
•
Defined CCP – “the point where a control measure can be used to
prevent or eliminate a plant health hazard or to reduce it to an
acceptable level”
•
Defined BMPs – “a set of phytosanitary standards applied at CCPs in
order to address the biosecurity or safeguarding hazard and enhance
plant quality. ”
•
Identified 6 CCPs – Plants, Pots, Media, Water, Substrate, Conveyance
•
Created menu of BMP options available to address each CCP
•
A flexible nursery plan developed with state/federal officials is
recommended as a useful tool for implementation of the BMPs
•
Identified research needs
Slide 11
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Protocols:
Victoria Smith (CT); Stacy Scott (PPQ)
Objective: Tailor and revise regulatory protocols to apply BMPs
•
Review feasibility of application of BMPs in conjunction with CCPs as a part of
Confirmed and Retail Nursery protocols
- Once the CCPs/BMPs Working group gets a good draft, and after a thorough vetting
process, incorporate into the CNPs and appendices.
- Our working group has drafted a “first time” and “repeat” nursery course of action
•
Tailor and revise regulatory options and protocols in conjunction with BMPs/CCP
- Interesting questions that have surfaced on how to best incorporate BMPs/CCP into
protocols and regulations:
- The working group is querying states on how they require actions, such as BMPs:
compliance agreement versus EANs.
- How do states register big landscapers that hold stock (are landscapers who maintain a
holding lot of wholesale plants)? It seems they are out of the regulatory loop
- The working group is canvassing states on this question
Slide 12
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Protocols:
Victoria Smith (CT); Stacy Scott (PPQ)
•
Provide suggestions to improve P. ramorum regulations to incorporate
BMPs
•
We are reviewing language in CNP 8.0 versus 8.1 to get the best
information and clarity forward into a new version.
•
Review and revise Confirmed and Retail Nursery protocols (e.g
update, flow charts, check lists, user friendly options), especially to
reflect the Prenotification Federal Order
•
Review CNP terminology and bring clarity and consistency in terms
between the CNPs and the Regulations. (see “lot” versus “block”)
Slide 13
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Triggers:
Gary Gibson (WV); Steven Miller (PPQ)
Objective: Develop clear guidelines (triggers) for regulation and de-regulation
•
Define what constitutes triggers for Pram in nurseries and wild lands
Water (stream) positives are not triggers – trigger further surveys
Disease in the natural environment (on plants) and not linked to a
nursery
Pathogen should be cultured repeatedly prior to quarantine
designation
•
Review and validate triggers for designating a county as quarantined for
P. ramorum
Disease in the natural environment should be cultured repeatedly
prior to quarantine designation
Initial county level quarantine in place until delimitation survey is
complete
Slide 14
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Triggers:
Gary Gibson (WV); Steven Miller (PPQ)
Objective: Develop clear guidelines (triggers) for regulation and de-regulation
•
Review and validate triggers for designating a county as regulated for P.
ramorum
Regulation based on nursery positives alone should be applied
equally across the country
Removal of currently regulated areas favored to adding new areas
under regulation based on only nursery positives
•
Determine if there are appropriate triggers to release areas/counties
from regulation in areas where the pathogen is established
Undertake OR (Curry County) model for limiting the
spread/eradication
Followed by at least 3 years of negative surveys before being released
Slide 15
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Regulatory Surveys:
Dennis Barclift (AL); Anthony Man-Son-Hing (PPQ)
• Definition of a regulatory survey
• Stand alone Survey;
• Enhanced Survey;
• Sampling/Testing;
• What to collect, When and under what conditions
• Use of modern technologies
• Foliar
• Growing Media
• Water
• Substrate
Slide 16
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Regulatory Surveys:
• At this time, data is all over the chart.
• There is no corelation between positives
among the sampling populations.
• We need this fall’s data with 2011 data to
draw significant conclusions.
• Proposed one-time survey information sheet
(electronic?)
Slide 17
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection andNext
Quarantine
Steps/Time
lines
•
August-October 2010: Share output with the Nursery Practices
Coordination group and the Research Coordination Group, joint
discussions on action items, measures, timelines and resources.
•
October 2010: Regulatory Sub-groups will meet, discussions with NPB
•
December 2010: Outputs from all the working groups compiled,
reviewed, and published.
•
Jan - March 2011 joint review of work plans, time lines with Nursery
Practices, Regulatory and Research Coordination Groups
•
Jan 2011 onwards: Implementation of (short-term) recommendations
in consultation with the stake holders. E.g. changes to protocols.
•
March 2011 onwards: Implementation of long-term recommendations
e.g. scaling up of need-based BMPs through GAIP, US NCP, Industry
initiatives; Initiate regulatory work plans, public comments, changes.
Slide 18
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Acknowledgements
National Plant Board
State Plant Regulatory Officers
Nursery Industry – ANLA-HRI-Associations
USDA-ARS
USDA-FS
USDA-NIFA
National IPM Center
Universities: Davis, OSU, Berkeley, Clemson,
Washington State, NORS-DOC,
California Oak Mortality Task Force
TNC
National Plant Diagnostics Network
CPHST
APHIS-PPQ Western / Eastern Regions
State Plant Health Directors
APHIS-PPQ: Plant Health Programs