NEPTUNE •A trial for women with – ‘Triple negative’ breast cancer (TNBC) – Localised to breast +/- lymph nodes – Recommended standard treatment involves Taxane Chemotherapy Anthracycline Chemotherapy Surgery Goal.

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Transcript NEPTUNE •A trial for women with – ‘Triple negative’ breast cancer (TNBC) – Localised to breast +/- lymph nodes – Recommended standard treatment involves Taxane Chemotherapy Anthracycline Chemotherapy Surgery Goal.

Slide 1

NEPTUNE
•A trial for women with
– ‘Triple negative’ breast cancer (TNBC)
– Localised to breast +/- lymph nodes
– Recommended standard treatment involves
Taxane
Chemotherapy

Anthracycline
Chemotherapy

Surgery

Goal is cure

+/-

Radio
therapy


Slide 2

• We need to improve
outcomes for women
with Triple Negative
breast cancer

• Currently no targeted
treatment for this type of
breast cancer which is
particularly aggressive.
• We need to find
pathways to target


Slide 3

PARP inhibitors
Some tumours are less able to repair
genetic damage
– This seems to be an ‘Achilles heel’ for these
cancers
– Can be exploited by a group of drugs called
PARP inhibitors.
– PARP inhibitors further impair DNA repair in a
way which is lethal to tumours but not to
normal tissues


Slide 4

Microarray classification
help us understand biological differences between
cancers
ER-ve

ER+ve

HER2+ve

Arrays: Separate breast cancers by gene cluster
‘Basal-like’
subgroup
Adapted from Sorlie PNAS 2001


Slide 5

BRCA1 and Basal-like/TNBC phenotypes overlap
Basal-like Sub-Type

Basal Cancers

BRCA1 mutated
Sorlie PNAS 2003


Slide 6

BRCA 1
• Key role in DNA damage Repair

DNA
repair

DNA
repair

Homologous
recombinatio
n
(HR) repair
Base excision
DNA repair

HR repair

Normal tissue
cells

BRCA1/BRCA2 deficient
Tumor cells

• Implications for targeted agents- PARP


Slide 7

The IKEA principle
Normal tissue cells

DNA
repair

PARP inhibitor

HR
repair

Homologous
recombination
(HR) repair

HR
repair

DNA
repair

Few normal tissue effects

Base excision
DNA repair

Base excision
DNA repair

HR repair

BRCA1/BRCA2 deficient
Tumor cells

Specific tumor cell killing

PARP inhibitor
Base excision
DNA repair

Tutt and Ashworth Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 2005;70:139–148; McCabe N et al. Cancer Res 2006;66:8109–8115


Slide 8

Why PARPi for TNBC
• Many TNBC cancers appear to have a similarly
impaired DNA damage repair to the genetic
breast cancers
→They may benefit from similar approaches
• Current and pending trials
– Test strategies which exploit DNA damage
– Incorporate translational research to define
sensitive subsets


Slide 9

Gemcitabine/ Carboplatin ± Iniparib
in metastatic TNBC
Progression Free Survival

PFS + 2.3 months
HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.39-0.9

Overall Survival-Exploratory

OS + 4.6 months
HR 0.57; 95% CI 0.36-0.90

Safety Summary
•No significant differences in toxicity G3/4 toxicity between GC and GCI arms
•Grade 3 or 4 adverse events (81% vs 86%)—mainly haematologic toxicity
•14% in iniparib group and 27% in chemo-alone group discontinued treatment
because of adverse events
O’Shaughnessy et al. NEJM Jan 2011


Slide 10

NEPTUNE
•Investigates a PARP inhibitor called ‘iniparib’
•We know iniparib works in combination with
chemotherapy in metastatic TNBC
– Stops damage from chemotherapy being repaired in
cancer cells.
– Data especially with platinum in TNBC
– Safety and efficacy testing needed in early breast
cancer

• Iniparib may also work on its own in TNBC
– If this is the case could provide a ‘maintenance’ therapy


Slide 11

Randomise between 4
treatment groups

NEPTUNE

-4 weeks

0

No window
Start chemo

Docetaxel
4 cycles

Iniparib
2wk window

Docetaxel + Iniparib
4 cycles

Iniparib
2wk window

Gem/Carbo
4 cycles

Iniparib
2wk window

Gem/Carbo +
Iniparib 4 cycles

2 weeks

Surgery

14 weeks

Radio
therapy

Adjuvant
chemotherapy

26-30 weeks

2 Tumour biopsies
& surgery specimen
6 Blood samples

•Tests the addition of iniparib to chemotherapy against standard docetaxel
•Iniparib 2 week ‘window’ tests for monotherapy activity
•Primary endpoint is pathological complete response


Slide 12

Randomise between 4
treatment groups

NEPTUNE

-4 weeks

0

No window
Start chemo

Docetaxel
4 cycles

Iniparib
2wk window

Docetaxel + Iniparib
4 cycles

Iniparib
2wk window

Gem/Carbo
4 cycles

Iniparib
2wk window

Gem/Carbo +
Iniparib 4 cycles

2 weeks

Surgery

14 weeks

Optional Functional Imaging Substudies
PET

MRI
Participants would be asked to
have a biopsy after these 3 scans

Adjuvant
chemotherapy

Radio
therapy

26-30 weeks


Slide 13

Why all these extra research assessments?
• Does iniparib work on its own?
– To seek evidence of Iniparib monotherapy activity:
• ?potential maintenance role

– To further understanding of how it works
– Does it only work in certain patients and can we identify them
early on in treatment
• Iniparib with chemotherapy
– To further understanding of how they work together
– Does it only work in certain patients and can we identify them
early on in treatment


Why imaging substudies?
- Advantageous to future patients to have non-invasive means of
showing how well treatment is working early on. But we have to
prove it with matching biopsy at this stage.


Slide 14

How you can help us
NEPTUNE trial

• Your initial thoughts?
Our concerns

• Complicated to explain very close to time of diagnosis

• lots of hospital visits
– (up 6 visits every 3 weeks for 14 weeks, some visits will be full
days)

• Number of research biopsies
– not optional… may involve a visit to hospital specifically for a
biopsy…
– PET scans or MRI scans, is this too much to ask of patients? Will
women sign up to an optional substudy which includes 3 or 4 of
these and biopsy?