New College English Book III Unit 4 Career Planning Part One Preparation Useful Information Finding a job is like any other competitive activity.
Download ReportTranscript New College English Book III Unit 4 Career Planning Part One Preparation Useful Information Finding a job is like any other competitive activity.
Slide 1
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 2
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 3
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 4
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 5
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 6
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 7
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 8
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 9
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 10
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 11
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 12
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 13
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 14
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 15
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 16
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 17
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 18
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 19
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 20
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 21
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 22
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 23
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 24
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 25
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 26
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 27
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 28
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 29
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 30
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 31
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 32
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 33
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 34
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 35
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 36
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 37
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 38
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 39
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 40
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 41
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 42
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 43
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 44
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 45
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 46
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 47
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 48
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 49
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 50
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 51
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 52
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 2
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 3
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 4
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 5
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 6
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 7
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 8
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 9
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 10
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 11
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 12
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 13
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 14
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 15
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 16
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 17
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 18
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 19
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 20
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 21
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 22
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 23
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 24
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 25
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 26
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 27
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 28
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 29
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 30
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 31
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 32
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 33
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 34
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 35
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 36
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 37
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 38
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 39
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 40
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 41
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 42
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 43
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 44
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 45
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 46
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 47
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 48
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 49
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 50
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 51
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang
Slide 52
New College English
Book III Unit 4
Career Planning
Part One
Preparation
Useful Information
Finding a job is like any other competitive activity. You
would not play a game of basketball without practicing
and warming up for the game. You would practice your
shots, your dribbling, your passing, and even your free
throws for a long time before the game. Then on the
day of the game you would practice them again. Every
time you practiced, you'd hope to improve.
The job market is more competitive than that. So you
should practice harder, and have a good game plan. In
a basketball game you can fall behind in the first
quarter and still win, but that's unlikely in the
competition for jobs, where unpreparedness is rarely
rewarded.
1. The Steps to follow (1):
The first step is a good resume. (or curriculum vitae,
CV for short). It should be clear and concise, with the
most important items on the first page. It should include
your name/address/phone, and your fax/e mail/beeper if
you have them. The worst thing will be that someone
wants to interview or hire you but does not know how to
find you. The key items in a resume include your job
objective, your education, your work experience, your
honors/awards, your affiliations and any offices held,
and anything else you think will help you get the job.
Some candidates include hobbies, interests, personal
information, references, etc. Others do not. Such items
come at the end of the resume, with references as the
last.
The Steps to follow (2):
The second step is a good cover letter. This should be
no more than a page. If it's any longer the reader may
not notice your signature at the bottom, Like the resume,
the cover letter should go through several careful drafts,
with advice from an instructor or some other experienced
people. Other documents such as personal statements
and application forms may be required. These should be
prepared just as thoroughly and conscientiously as the
letter and the resume.
The Steps to follow (3):
Now you are almost ready for the bottom line of the
job hunting process: the interview. The job may be
gained or lost in the first 30 seconds of the interview, so
you should practice this part several times, including
your entry, greetings, etc. Bring several copies of your
resume to the interview in case the committee members
don't have them, and be prepared to hand these out at
the beginning. It's also good to practice the entire
interview. Answers should be clear and concise,
including relevant specific examples of your education or
experience. One good example can be worth several
minutes of general discussion.
2. Questions for you to practice(1)
Can you tell us something about yourself
(life/background/education/experience)?
What are your career goals?
Why do you want this job?
What do you hope to be doing in 5 years from now?
What are your greatest achievements?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
How are your English and computer skills?
Can you work with people of either gender?
Can you work with people from other countries or
cultures?
Questions for you to practice(2)
What would you do if ...(hypothetical situation)?
Why should we hire you instead of other qualified
applicants?
Do you have any final questions or statements for us?
It's mostly up to you. Prepare and practice. Then prepare
and practice again and again. Michael Jordan was cut
from his high school team, but through preparation and
the world's best player. Do the same if you want a worldclass job!
Proverbs Appreciation
He that will not work shall not eat.
不劳动者不得食。
In every profession there is
someone who excels all the rest.
三百六十行，行行出状元。
Part Two
Reading-Centered Activities
In-Class Reading
Pre-Reading Practice I
Oral Practice 1:
Describe a career you’re likely to pursue in
the future. Don’t mention its name but ask
your group members to guess what it is.
The job I’d prefer to take has a flexible working schedule. I
don’t have to be at work exactly on time. Much of my time will
be spent sitting in front of the computer or going through the
work written by others. When work is due, I will have to burn
the midnight oil. But when there is no work, I can take time to
enjoy myself even if I’m still at work. This job needs a lot of
initiative and independence. I’ll have to contact potential
writers all by myself and choose the topics and books that
might sell well or have good academic value. I’ll need to be
very careful, doing the proofreading many times until a book is
finally published.
Answer: editor
Pre-Reading Practice 2
Oral practice 2:
Discuss how you are preparing for your future career.
First of all, I am working very hard on my subjects, esp.
English. To pass CET Band 4 an d6 is a must for a better job.
In the English class, I am very active in group discussions
because I know getting the certificate of CET is not enough. I
am also involved in some social work in the university in order
to get myself prepared serving society, so that I can form a
good relationship with my colleagues and business partners.
Warm-heartedness is also a very important attribute for my
future career. I participated in a couple of money-raising
activities to help those victims of floods and earthquakes. If
possible, I would also learn to drive. Having a driver’s license
will enable me to stand a better chance in the job market, I
think. Well, it seems that I have a lot to do to get ready for the
future.
Passage Reading
Career Planning
Outline
Introduction (Para. 1)
Career planning does not necessarily
follow routine or logical steps
_____________________________.
weaknesses in career planning
Students’ ___________
(Para. 2)
Serious flaws in the ways of
decision making (Para. 3-5)
_____________
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
______
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
_______
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Text
necessarily (Para. 1, line 1)
adv. in a way that must be so; unavoidably
必定，必然
"We'll need to employ another engineer,
then.“
"Not necessarily."
“我们还需要再雇一名工程师。”
“不一定。”
大个子并不一定就是强壮的人。
Big men are not necessarily strong men.
... places weight on different factors... (Para. 1,
line2)
Expressions similar to “Place weight on …” :
“place/put/lay weight/strength/emphasis on
upon …” 意为“重视，强调”
例如：
When giving the orders, the captain laid
stress on the urgency of the work.
船长在下命令时，强调了工作的紧急性。
phase (Para. 1, line 2)
n.
1) an aspect or part (as of a problem) under
consideration 面，方面
The report covers all phases of the
program.
这篇报道涉及了此项目的所有方面。
This is just one phase of the problem.
这只是这个问题的一个方面。
phase
n.
2) one of the stages of a process of
development or change 阶段，时期
This autumn, 6,000 residents will
participate in the first phase of the project.
今年秋季，将有 6000 居民参加此项目的第一阶段。
alternative (Para. 1, line 5)
1) n. something that may be taken or chosen
instead of one or more others 供选择的事物；取
舍，抉择
What are the alternatives to watching a
movie tonight?
今晚除了看电影还有什么选择？
At the restaurant, the only alternative to
chicken was beef.
在这家饭店里，除了牛肉就只有鸡肉。
2) n. an opportunity for deciding between two or
more possible things, courses of action, etc. 选择的
余地，可供选择的机会
There was no alternative but to close the
road until February.
没有选择的余地，只能在周二前关闭道路。
I'm afraid I have no alternative but to
report you to the police.
恐怕我别无选择，只能向警察告发你了。
3) a. that may be used, had, done, etc. instead of another;
other 可用来代替另一个的，另外的，两者择一的
Many companies encourage their employees to
use alternative means of transportation, rather
than the car.
许多公司都鼓励员工选择除了轿车以外的其他交通方式。
Efficient (Para. 1, line 1)
a. Acting directly to produce an effect 生效的;
直接产生某一结果的
She is very efficient secretary; she never
forgets anything or makes a mistake.
她是个非常能干的秘书；她从不会忘记事情，也
不会犯错误。
辨析：effective
a. Having an intended or expected effect. 有效的，
有预期或先见效果的
The agreement will become effective from
January 18th.
协议自1月18日起生效。
weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)
Students’ ___________
Most students choose from a very narrow group of
A. _________________________
occupations.
B. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose
professional
occupations but only 15 to 18 percent of
_____________________,
is engaged in professional work
the work force ________________________________.
Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job
C. ______________________
opportunities.
D. A third of the students are unable
to express any choice of occupation
_______________________________________.
Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (Para. 3-5)
Complacency
A. ______________—
ignoring challenging
information
Defensive avoidance — resorting to
B.__________________
wishful thinking or daydreaming.
Hypervigilance
C.______________—
searching frantically for
career possibilities and seizing on hastily
invented solutions
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
1) n. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc., for
driving into the ground as a support of
something or to mark a particular place 桩，标
桩
A stake in the ground shows where our
yard ends.
地上的一个标桩标志着我们院子的界限。
You can put one row of stakes to separate
these two small yards.
你可以建一排桩子来把这两个院子分开。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
2) a part or share in a business, plan, etc. so
that one will gain if it succeeds 股份，利害关系
The company is selling off its 15% stake
in the commercial bank.
这家公司正在商业银行中出售它 15% 的股份。
If you lose over 50% stake of this
company, your status will be challenged.
如果你失去这家公司超过 50% 的股份，你的
地位就会受到挑战。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
n.
3) the amount of money risked on the result of
something, such as a game or competition 赌
金，赌注
John quit because the stakes were too
high.
约翰推出了，因为赌注太大了。
Playing for high stakes is very dangerous,
and you may become nobody overnight.
赌金太高是很危险的，你可能一夜之间就变得一
无所有。
stake (Para. 3, line 20)
v.
4) risk 以 …… 打赌，拿 …… 冒险
The company was taking a huge gamble by
staking its future on expensive new
technology.
这家公司以高新技术来赌自己的未来真是巨大的赌博。
Believe me, I'd stake my life on it.
相信我吧，我拿我的生命担保。
At stake (Para. 3, line 20)
In a situation where something valuable might be
lost if a plan or action is not successful 濒于险境，
处于成败关头
His honor is at stake.
他的名誉受到威胁。
Sentence translation:
Of course, complacency is appropriate … at
stake，but that does not describe career
decisions. (Para. 3, line 20)
当然，对于那些不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，
但做职业方面的决策时，来不得自满。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
1) v. do something extreme or unpleasant in
order to solve a problem 采取，诉诸
Some schools have resorted to recruiting
teachers from overseas.
有些学校已经开始诉诸于招收来自海外的教师了。
She resorted to stealing when she had
no more money.
当没有钱的时候，她就采取偷窃的手段。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
2) n. the action of doing something bad or
extreme because one can't think of any other
solution 求助，凭借，诉诸
他不作弊是不可能通过考试的。
He couldn't have passed the exam without
resort to cheating.
If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be
necessary to have resort to force.
如果这得不到合理的解决，可能就需要采取武力了。
resort (Para. 4, line 26)
3) n. person or thing that is turned to for help 求
助 ( 或凭借 ) 的对象，采用的手段 ( 或方法 )
Our only resort is to inform the police.
我们唯一的手段就是通知警察了。
遇到麻烦时，最佳的求助对象就是好朋友。
Good friends are the best resort in
trouble.
rationalization (Para. 4, line 26)
n. the act of finding or inventing a reasonable
explanation for one's behavior or attitudes 找借
口，找理由，文过饰非
He told me he had an excuse for his failure
in the exam, but I thought it was just a
rationalization.
他告诉我关于考试失败他有一个理由，可我认为这
只不过是个借口罢了。
The thief gave as his rationalization the fact
that he was both hungry and without
money.
小偷找借口说他又饿又穷。
hypervigilance (Para. 4, line 26)
n. excessive attention to a situation without careful
consideration of alternatives 过分警惕，过分注意
Because of his hypervigilance he accepted a
job for which he was not well suited.
由于过分警惕，他接受了一份不适合他的工作。
In most cases, hypervigilance can only keep
you from advancing.
大多数情况下，过分警惕只会使你停止前进。
vigilance (Para. 6, line 39)
n. careful attention that you give to what is happening,
especially in order to notice possible danger 警惕，警觉
vigilant
adj. continually watchful or on guard 警惕的，警觉的
seize (up)on (Para. 5, line 36)
use, accept or take advantage of something
eagerly or enthusiastically 抓住，把握
The main fear was that both sides might seize
(up)on a ceasefire to rearm.
人们主要的担忧是双方可能会把停火变成重新武装。
Newspapers seized on the results as proof that
global warming wasn't really happening.
这家报纸把握住这些结果把它们作为证明全球变暖并
没有真的发生的证据。
Keys to career planning (Para. 6-11)
A. Study oneself
A. ___________________
Write one’s career goals down
B.________________________.
Review one’s plans and progress
C._________________________________
periodically with another person
__________________________________.
D. If one person chooses a career that does
start over
not fit him, he can_____________.
undergo (Para. 10, line 61)
3) v. underwent , undergone ) experience
something which is unpleasant or involves a
change 经历，经受，遭受
The poor child is about to undergo a mild
operation.
这个可怜的小孩要做一个小手术。
The company has undergone some major
changes in the last five years.
公司在过去的五年里经历了一些重大的改变。
词义辨析
近义词：
bear：
普通用语。泛指负担或忍受精神、肉体上
的各种痛苦。多用于否定和疑问句，常与
can, could 连用。
endure：正式用语。多用于否定句，特指忍受较
大、较长时间的磨难。
stand： 与bear 意同。口头用语。多用于否定句
或疑问句。肯定句中其正面意义更强。
suffer： 正式用语。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或
有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。
Exercise
请选择 bear, endure, stand 或 suffer 的适
当形式填空。
bear sleeping in a cold bed.
I can't _____
endure
We seek the truth, and will ________
consequences”.
suffered the loss of her pupils’ respect.
She ________
stand close examination.
This work is hardly ______
the
Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)
downward movement
A. Few changes involve__________________;
getting ahead
most involve______________________.
Job changes and career shifts occur at
B. ________________________
all ages.
Conclusion (Para. 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans
work out, there are things
anyone can do now to shape one’s career possibilities
that______________________________________.
Nobody can foresee what the future holds for
any of us. (Para. 15, line 84)
This is a figurative expression.
中文中我们很少用事物作主动者，而英文为求简
洁，常常以事物作主动者。例如：
Hope keeps us alive.
我们靠希望生存。
再来看几个使用hold的例句：
1. Death holds no fear for her.
她不怕死。
2. 人生有许多意料之外的事情。
Life holds many surprises.
Quick Review
侧重不同的因素
Place weight on different factors
各种举动可能出现的结果
the probable outcomes of various
courses of action
濒于险境，处于成败关头
at stake
职业规划的关键
Keys to career planning
某人的长处与弱点
one’s strengths and weaknesses
理清思路
Crystallize one’s thinking
评估所取得的进步
Take inventory of progress
跳槽
Career hopping
Writing practice
Directions: An application letter usually includes
the following four parts:
1) Reason for writing (including how you found out
about the job);
2) Relevant information about yourself;
3) How to contact you;
4) Closing.
Now please write a letter applying for a job that you are
interested in.
6. Sample Writing
May 20, 2007
Mailbox 352,
DUFE,
No.217 Jianshan Road,
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in
today' s Dalian Evening Paper.
I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at DUFE
University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and
my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed
the National Entrance Examination with flying colors. So
I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich
experience in study and examinations.
I am good at Chemistry and Physics with which your
daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national
Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics
contest. And I can also help your child with her English and
Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to
teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.
I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my
teaching experience and learn how to get along well with
others. Money is my secondary consideration.
I would be glad to come for an interview at your
convenience. My phone number is ***. I look forward to
hearing from you.
Sincerely Yours,
Anderson, Wang