Plants without seeds Chapter 8, section 2 Key concepts What characteristics do the three groups of nonvascular plants share What characteristics do the three.

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Transcript Plants without seeds Chapter 8, section 2 Key concepts What characteristics do the three groups of nonvascular plants share What characteristics do the three.

Slide 1

Plants without seeds
Chapter 8, section 2


Slide 2

Key concepts
What characteristics do the three groups
of nonvascular plants share
What characteristics do the three groups
of seedless vascular plants share?


Slide 3

Introduction
Imagine you are hiking in the forest. You
see many ferns along the trail. You walk a
little father and stop to rest near a stream.
Here you see mosses everywhere=on the
forest floor on rocks and along the banks
of the stream. Although ferns and mosses
look very different, they have something in
common. They reproduce without forming
seeds.


Slide 4

Nonvascular Plants
Three major groups of nonvascular plants
Mosses
Liverworts and hornworts
They are low growing plants that live in moist
areas where they can absorb water and other
nutrients directly from their environment


Slide 5

Mosses
Green, fuzzy in the gametophyte
generation
Rhizoids anchor the moss and absorb
water and nutrients from the soil


Slide 6

Liverworts
Grow on a thick crust of moist rocks or soil
along the sides of a stream


Slide 7

Hornworts
 Seldom found on tree
trunks or rocks, live in
moist soil, mixed in
with grass plants


Slide 8

Seedless vascular plants
 Among the plants were huge, tree-sized ferns as
well as trees with branches that grew in a series
of circles along the trunk. Other trees resembled
giant sticks with leaves up to one meter long.
When the leaves dropped off, they left diamondshaped scars. These tall odd-looking trees were
the ancestors of three groups of plants that are
alive today-ferns-horsetails, and club mosses.
They are seedless plants that have vascular
tissue


Slide 9

Characteristics of seedless vascular
plants
Do not produce seeds
Reproduce by producing spores
Vascular plants grow tall
Strong cell walls providing strength and
stability
Need to grow in moist surroundings in
order for gametophytes produce egg cells
and sperm cells


Slide 10

Ferns
Underground root system


Slide 11

Horsetails
Long, coarse, needlelike branches grow in
a circle around each joint
Stems contains silica
During colonial times, Americans used the
plants to scrub their pots and pans


Slide 12

Club Mosses
Club mosses have vascular tissue
Grow in moist woodlands and near
streams


Slide 13

1. Which part of plant look like roots
rhyzoids


Slide 14

2. Which parts look like true stems and
leaves
Green stem like and leaf like structures


Slide 15

3. Why do scientists call these moss parts
roots, stems and leaves?
They do not have transport tissue as true
roots, stems and leaves do


Slide 16

4. How are mosses and other
nonvascular plants limited by their
lack of vascular tissue?
They do not grow very because they
cannot transport water as far and as fast
as is needed for a tall plant to survive


Slide 17

5. How are these plants similar to most
larger plants today?
They have vascular tissue


Slide 18

6. What structures give these seedless
plants strength and stability?
Vascular tissue


Slide 19

7. Why is moisture important for
reproduction in seedless vascular plants?
Sperm must swim through water to the
eggs


Slide 20

8. What advantage is the cuticle to the
plant?
It helps prevent water loss from the plant


Slide 21

9. What two characteristics do mosses,
liverworts, and hornworts share?
They are low growing and live in moist
environments where they can absorb
water and nutrients directly from their
environment


Slide 22

10. What two characteristics do ferns
horsetails and club mosses share?
Vascular tissue and the use of spores to
reproduce