Transcript The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment 1500-1800 Focuses on the far-reaching changes in life in Western Europe brought about by the Scientific Revolution.

The Scientific Revolution and
the Enlightenment 1500-1800
Focuses on the far-reaching changes in life in Western
Europe brought about by the Scientific Revolution and
the Enlightenment
All About the Enlightenment
 Watch the videos and fill in the blanks.
All About The
Enlightenment
Part 1
All About The
Enlightenment
Part 2
Chapter 16.4 p. 386
Scientists Challenged Old
Assumptions
Ptolemy (c.90-168)
Geocentric Theory
Heliocentric Theory
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)
Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564)
William Harvey (1578-1657)
Section Review
16.4 Section Review p. 389.
 Define: all
 Identify: e, f
 Answer: 1, 3, 5
Chapter 20.1 p. 460
European Thinkers Expressed
New Ideas
Best Idea Ever!
Isaac Newton (1642-1727)
Philosophes
Voltaire was a philosopher who
believed in individual freedoms –
especially freedom of speech and of
religion. He said “I may not agree
with a word you say, but I will defend
to the death your right to say it.”
Voltaire (1694-1778)
Diderot’s Encyclopedia
Scientific Discoveries
Baroque Period (1600-1750)
Classical Period (1750-1830)
Section Review
20.1 Section Review p. 466.
 Define: a, b
 Identify: a, b, e
 Answer: 1, 3, 4, 5
Chapter 20.2 p. 466
Writers Advocated Liberty and
Reason
Self-Interest
Adam
read
• People are
selfishSmith
and will try
to make
money and live comfortably
Adam Smith (1723-1790)
Diderot’s encyclopedia
and realized that many
Competition
economic
views
held in
• Makes
for efficiently
made, less
expensive, and better quality products
the book were inaccurate.
Heand
came
up with his own
Supply
Demand
economic
theories
• Only
enough producers
exist to that
fulfill the
demand
are still considered today.
He wrote about liberty
applied to the economy
and trade – thus “FREE
TRADE”
Executive
Baron de Montesquieu
(1689-1755)
Montesquieu believed in political liberty – namely through
“separation of powers” where different parts
of government
Legislative
should have different Balance
powers
check or “balance” the power of
of to
Power
other areas:
1. “Executive” – The King and his ministers to carry out the law.
2. “Legislative” – A parliament to hold power to make the law.
3. “Judicial” – Judges to interpret and apply the law.
Judicial
Rousseau was a writer who
believed in the “Social Contract”
John Locke was an English
which would benefit all of
thinker who believed that all
society. He believed that liberty
people were essentially good
was every person’s natural right
and possessed natural rights –
and that a legitimate
like liberty, the right to property,
government ruled with the
and life. He spread the thought
consent of the people.
that a government should only
be in power as long as the
people are happy with their rule.
John Locke (1632-1704)
Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)
Not everyone progressed in
thinking about liberty and
freedoms. After witnessing the
horrors of civil war in England,
Thomas Hobbes was convinced that
all humans were naturally wicked
and, left to themselves, would give
free reign to their evil ways. He
wrote that governments were there
to protect people from their own
evils, and that the best government
was an “absolute monarch” with
complete and total power.
Section Review
20.2 Section Review p. 468.
 Define: a, b
 Identify: a, b
 Answer: 1a, 2, 3b, 4a, 5