Transcript The Green Light ©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company Environmentally Unfriendly Lighting • 20% of global electricity is used for lighting = 100 large power plants • $55 billion worth.

The Green Light
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Environmentally Unfriendly
Lighting
•
20% of global electricity is used
for lighting = 100 large power
plants
•
$55 billion worth of electricity goes
annually to lighting costs
•
Pollution created equals 450 million
tons of CO2 and three million tons
of smog-generating gases
Source: truthinlighting.org
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
LEDs: The Green Light
• If just 25% of US lighting fixtures
were converted to LEDs, we would:
 Save $115 billion in utility costs
 Eliminate the need to build
133 new coal-burning
power stations
 Reduce carbon emissions by
158 million metric tons
 Avoid releasing 5,700 pounds
of airborne mercury per year
Source: truthinlighting.org
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
History of LEDs
• In the early 20th century, scientists
noted a semiconductor junction
would produce light
• The first LED was created in the
mid-1920s
• Developments in the 1950s led to
the creation of an infrared LED,
which produced light invisible to the
human eye
• The General Electric Company
developed the first practical visiblespectrum LED in 1962
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
History of LEDs
• Originally, small size, ruggedness
and low power consumption made
LEDs a great choice for indicator
light applications, but not for general
illumination:
 Automotive taillights, cell phone
keypad backlighting, traffic
signals, illuminated signage,
camera flash and accent lighting
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
History of LEDs
• First white LEDs were created by
combining red, green and blue LEDs
• In 1993, white light was produced
from a single diode
– Much less expensive for the
amount of light generated
• New LED technology provides
increased light output, long life,
dramatic energy savings and offers a
viable alternative to incandescent and
fluorescent lights
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
What are LEDs?
• Solid-state lighting
 Light is emitted from a solid object (a
block of semiconductor) rather than a
vacuum or gas tube, as with incandescent
bulbs and fluorescent lamps
• Produce a narrow spectrum of
monochromatic light using little power
• Energy efficient, durable and long-lasting
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Basic LED Components
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
•
LED Chip: semiconductor
diode that permits current
to flow in only one direction
and generates light
•
Lead frame: holds the chip
and extends out of the
package to provide
electrical connection
•
Colored or shaped epoxy
resin: encapsulates the
LED package and directs
the light outward
How does the LED emit light?
•
A chip of semiconducting material is impregnated (“doped”),
with impurities to create a p-n (positive-negative) junction
(indium, gallium and nitrogen, or InGaN, in white LEDs)
 P side contains excess positive charge (“holes”,
or the absence of electrons)
 N side contains excess negative charge (electrons)
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
How does the LED emit light?
•
When voltage is applied to the semiconducting element forming
the p-n junction:
 Electrons move from the N area towards the P area
 Holes move from the P area toward the N area
•
Near the junction, the electrons and holes combine, releasing
photons with visible wavelengths, or light
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
LED vs. Fluorescent
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
The Fluorescent Dilemma
•
Interior case lighting accounts for 21% to 26% of the
electricity required to operate refrigerated display cases
•
Each year 600 million fluorescent lamps are disposed
of in US landfills, releasing mercury into the environment
•
It only takes 4mg of mercury to contaminate 7,000
gallons of fresh water
•
30,000 pounds of mercury is
thrown away in fluorescent bulbs
every year — enough to pollute
every body of water in
North America.
Source: truthinlighting.org
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
The LED Solution
•
Wal-Mart replaced refrigerated case
fluorescent s with LEDs in 500 stores:
 Annual energy savings:
$2.6 million
 Annual CO2 emissions reduction:
35 million pounds
 Contain no mercury or gas,
and emit no infrared or ultraviolet
radiation
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Lighting Research Center Study
• Two refrigerated display cases, one with fluorescent
lighting and the other with an LED system, were
placed side-by-side in a laboratory setting
– Study subjects strongly preferred the display
case with LED lighting
– Lighting distribution, not brightness or color
of light, had the most impact on people’s
preference
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Lighting Research Center Study
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Product Visibility
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Lighting Distribution
• Fluorescent delivers a wide range of luminance on the
shelf, between 500 and 2,800 lux
• LEDs deliver a much more uniform profile to the shelf
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Product Visibility
• Due to the directional nature of
LED light emission, more of the
light output hits the target it is
intended to illuminate
• Up to 95% of the illumination
ends up at the desired point on
the work surface
• Significant glare reduction
• The product is the STAR!
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Energy Consumption
Wattage to
Drive
Lighting
System
5-door case
• Less watts needed to illuminate a case:
 >43% for a T8 58W electronic system on a 5-door case (41W/door)
– 60% vs. HO
– 78% vs. VHO
• LED systems range from 30W to 45W per door
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Energy Consumption
5-door frozen
food case
1200
1000
330
Watts Saved
Electrical &
Compressor
Wattage
Savings
Compressor
800
Lighting
600
400
725
200
134
295
0
VHO
HO
• LEDs = less heat in the case
• Every light watt output reduced = less work for the
compressor, saving ~0.455 watts per door
• LED vs. T-8 on a 5-door case saves 155 watts on
lighting and 71 watts from reduced heat load
• Total reduction: 226 watts per 5-door case
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
115 Btu/hr/door savings
~14 W/door in frozen food
71
155
T8
Energy Consumption
Dimming capability and On/off cycling
•
Dimming LEDs enables light shedding for a specific time
of day or location within store:
 24 hour store: shedding 30% light between 11PM
and 7AM = 10% light system energy savings*
•
LEDs turn instantly on and off in a cold environment,
with no negative impact on life (unlike fluorescents)
 16 hour store: turning off lights between 11PM and
7AM = 33% light system energy savings*
*Based on T-8 58W 60” fluorescent system
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Maintenance/Replacement
•
LEDs have longer life &
less premature failure
 LED life of 75,000+ hours
(8 -10 yrs) vs. fluorescent
life of <2 yrs
 10 -15%* T-8 failure rate
LED
 No scheduled re-lamps
for 8 -10 years
 Reduced unscheduled
maintenance of lamps,
ballasts, lens & sockets
*Dependent on lamp, fixture & case specifics
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
FLU
Other Features
Fluorescent
LED
Radiant Heat
Nearly HALF of energy used Produce very little radiant
is given off as dissipated
heat, stay cool to the touch
heat
Refrigerated
Environment
Compromised operation at
cold temperatures
LEDs love the cold. Light
output and efficacy are not
affected
Durability
Glass tubes are subject
to breakage during shipping,
installation and customer
use
GE’s patent-pending design
is impact resistant, reducing
breakage associated with
shipping, installation and
use
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
High Power vs.
5mm LEDs
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
High Power vs. 5mm LEDs
High Power
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
5mm
High Power vs. 5mm LEDs
High Power
5mm
1 watt package
Fractional wattage (0.1 watt)
Produce 40 to 50 lumens per
1-watt package
Produce 2 to 4 lumens
Internal heat sink extends
LED life
No internal heat sink
Design advantages increase
brightness and reduce assembly
costs
Mechanical design limits
brightness and is expensive to
produce
Fewer LEDs create more light with Many lights required to produce
less energy
bright illumination
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
High Power vs. 5mm LEDs
• High power LEDs
deliver
Lumen Density
(lumen/mm2)
five times
the lumen density
(brightness) of
standard 5mm
LEDs
5mm
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
High Power
Light Output Over Time
Source: U.S. Department of Energy
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
GE Lumination LEDs
• Booster optics for improved uniformity
• Lens system designed for 4800 color temp
• Low profile design
• Power consumption: 40.5W on 5-foot and 45W on 6-foot
• Self-contained cover
• Universal attachment bracket
• Impact resistant patent-pending design
• NSF compliant
• Exclusively UL listed for commercial refrigeration
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
UL Listing
• STYLELINE LED lighting is
– LED light bars:
 UL recognized under UL 1598, the lighting
luminaire standard (E-file # E316082)
– Power supply:
 UL recognized under UL 1012 (existing power
supplies: E-file # 219167,new power supplies:
E-file # E316517)
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
Competitive Analysis
Illumination
(with ambient lighting)
Uniformity
(higher is better)
Color Temp
Color Rendering Index
Visible light source?
Power Consumption
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
STYLELINE
LED
Competitor
95 footcandles
shelf avg.
~900 mid shelf
*105 footcandles
shelf avg.
*400 mid shelf
>75%
25-50%
4,800K
72
No
41W
3,500K – 5,000K
72-80
Yes
30-42W
Visible source impact
Competitor Model
Visible Source
• Visible lighting is distracting!
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company
STYLELINE LED
Invisible Source
Additional LED Resources
•
•
•
Contact your STYLELINE representative
for more information
Tools:
– STYLELINE LED Sell Sheet
– LED Payback Tool
– LED Articles
Reference:
– www.netl.doe.gov/ssl/usingLeds/
– www.lumination.com
– www.truthinlighting.org
©2007 Commercial Refrigerator Door Company