Bio fuels and energy justice Between potentials and realities Maria Arce Moreira The Global Challenge Billions of women and men lack access to services and fundamental needs
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Transcript Bio fuels and energy justice Between potentials and realities Maria Arce Moreira The Global Challenge Billions of women and men lack access to services and fundamental needs
Bio fuels and energy
justice
Between potentials and realities
Maria Arce Moreira
The Global Challenge
Billions of women and men
lack access to services and
fundamental needs
2.4 billion without access to
improved sanitation
2 billion people without
access to electricity
1.5 billion people in
inadequate shelter
1 billion without access to
improved water supply
50% of urban waste in
developing countries is not
collected
850 million people hungry
What does that mean for
poverty?
It is a big part of what it
means to be poor
It is a consequence of
poverty – the result of lacking
income, land, power
It is a cause of poverty –
reducing productivity,
increasing vulnerability, closing
options to escape poverty.
Two worlds in disconnect
Three billion people rely on firewood for cooking
2 billion people without access to electricity
Unequal energy access but
also energy use
Electricity consumption per capita:
in the USA 13052 kW
in Vietnam 331 kW
Rural Thailand average electricity
consumption:
1st year 11-22 kW/month
after 5 years 22-50 kW/month
More energy poor in the future
Electricity Deprivation:
Africa: 526m
584m (2030)
Lacking access to clean cooking fuels:
Global: 2.5bn
2.7bn (2030)
People Relying on Traditional Biomass (million)
Source: IEA WEO (2004)
Source: IEA WEO (2006)
Can biofuels help address energy
poverty?
Biodiesel & transport for isolated Amazon communities in Peru
leseidoib ed lanasetra rodasecorp le arap ameuqsE
The Mali Folk centre Jatropha energy platform concept
http://www.malifolkecenter.org/lowersection/Dep3_NRM/jatropha/energy_plat
form/jat_energy_platform_frames.html
Ethanol clean cook stove
There is rhetorical agreement
Access to energy is fundamental to
achieve the MDGs and overcome poverty.
Climate change requires transformation of
the energy systems
The livelihoods of the poor are directly
dependent on their ecosystems and the
services these offer.
Reality shows that
UN processes have the mandate to address
sustainable development as a whole.
But:
Who is involved, whose interests are really
represented and whose voices heard?
Focus on specific/convenient aspects of the
issue rather than applying an integrated and
multilayered approach.
Potentials overestimated and used to justify
biased interests.
Market forces stronger than diplomats’ labia.
Therefore
Articulate and incorporate poor people’s
processes and agendas in our international
work in a more structured manner.
(Nyeleni’s agenda).
Become facilitator and strategic partner
rather than talk on behalf of.
Open and use existing spaces at
international platforms to bring the voices of
the most affected and their organisations at
the forefront.
Can biofuels address energy access for the poor?
There is potential to increase access under some
circumstances BUT this option needs to be
compared with other renewables that may be
more economically and environmentally
sustainable and viable.
Although simple technologies exist there needs to
be an assessment of the affordability, capacities
to manage the system and long-term
sustainability.
Above all there needs to be specific policies
addressing energy poverty in an integrated
manner.
Thanks for your attention