Transcript نام : مصطفی نام خانوادگی : نادری نام استاد : موضوع : رله ریکلوزر  saman.g28-05-2008, 10:55 PM: 5: Dyzhngtvr that you all know that is a key to maintaining the.

‫نام‪:‬مصطفی‬
‫نام خانوادگی‪:‬نادری‬
‫نام استاد ‪:‬‬
‫موضوع‪ :‬رله ریکلوزر‬

saman.g28-05-2008, 10:55 PM: 5: Dyzhngtvr
that you all know that is a key to maintaining
the power and the cessation of normal flow in
the circuit or the connection used.What is the
reason for this failure and recurrent Vslhay?
Usually (in most cases) the network error is
temporary and disappears after switching.
 have
been divided into the following: (a)
increasing the voltage substations
increase voltage to the message in order
to transfer production to the consumption
of energy is applied, usually in the
vicinity of power plants are built. (B)
reducing the voltage substations: This
message is usually near the consumption
centers are built to reduce the voltage.
 A parallel
reactor systems are used in
some of the reactors by installing
additional equipment when the post
comes from domestic consumption.The
posts are released in the atmosphere as a
result of their performance is a function
of atmospheric conditions.They have a
maintenance problem.

Thanks ingredients *** *** 1 - Svyychgyr
(switch yards): Switchgear 2 - Transfvrmatr
power ower Transformer 3 - Transformers Earth:
Ground Transformer 4 - Transformers domestic
consumption: Staition Service (T) 5 compensation for: Componsators 6 - Utilities
Peripherals: * Svyychgyr: a set of equipment at a
certain voltage is said to be established between
the two bass parts they include the following: 1 busbar (bus): Bas bar 2 - circuit breakers: Circuit
4
- Current Transformer: Current
Transformer 5 - Voltage Transformer:
Voltage Transformer 6 - Insulators
Reinsurance: (PI) 7 - arresters: Lighting
Arester 8 - Wave Traps: Line Trap 9 Department of matches: LMU = Line
Matching Unit * compensation: 1 - 2
capacitors
1
- control room. 2 - relay room. 3 Batrykhanh. 4 - diesel generators. 5 Distribution panels AC 6 - Distribution
panels DC 7 - battery charger. 8 emergency lighting. 9 - yard lighting. 10
- Facility grounding and lightning
protection.Sksyvnr Earth 6 - Sksyvnr line
7 - Current Transformer 8 - Sksyvnr 9 Breaker 10 - Trans disconnect switch
*
B: Depends on the number of power
transformers and busbar and transformer sets
of communication equipment that can connect
without the trans occurs: 1distance telephone
conversations, TTY, send and receive
protection orders from other posts are also
used.Signals pLc with high frequency and the
grid of the 30khz to 500khz changes. Wave
Instant typically an inductor having a core and
a series capacitor and resistor, the total
parallel time being is composed of inductors
(wire screws) and set the line directly through
 In
order to protect front-line therapy in
sudden voltages that may arise in the
two-line therapy is the use of lightning
rods.are significant at ** Open the
electric voltage between two contact
breaker must be able to open it
completely safe to handle.- Electrical
circuit breaker must be able to close
below the nominal voltage (maximum
voltage systems are designed breaker
usually). - The electrical circuit breaker
-
Bryk·h should be capable of high speed
switching circuits are electric. - No flow
restriction and a big breaker short circuit
currents are produced. - One of the
important characteristics Brykrhay
power off delay time is key. The time
between the moment the command is
interrupted by Hdfaslh free relay and
toggle off the ignition key to turn off
completely.
 Common
characteristics breaker: 1 - A
mechanism of switching: operating
Mechanism 2 - a mechanism for turning
off the spark chamber spark:
Arcextinction Inarcing Chamber 3 Having the contacts of the breaker
(contacts simple and moving): Fixed &
Moving Contacts 4 - A wire bolts off:
Triping coil & Closing Coil 5 - a contact
sub: Auxiliary Contact 6 - A control

Types breaker for installation: 1 - install the free
space: Out Door 2 - Installation Local facilities:
In Door * breaker by turning off the ignition
mechanism of classification is as follows: 1 breaker oil tank or oil: Bulk Oil Circuit Breaker 2
- breaker Low oil or half oil: Minimum Oil
Circuit Breaker 3 - SF6 gas breaker : Sulphurhexafluoride (sf6) CB 4 - breaker with vacuum
chambers: Vacuum Circuit Breaker 5 - Air
Breaker: Air Circuit Breaker 6 - Breaker
compressed air: Air Blast Circuit Breaker *
Brykrhay oil: Sparks, oil will degrade the
dielectric and gases resulting from the analysis

When the breaker a circuit active cut provides oil
for intense heat decomposition and gases and
vapors such as gas, H2 content of 70% C2H2 a
value of 20% and CH2 to 10 Drsdv carbon
content of the oil released is that the gases of
hydrogen (. * The role of oil in the oil Brykrhay:
1 - to insulate the body contact and also the oil
tank. 2 - To provide a spark off the contacts
through the insulation. 3 - for hydrogen
production during arc creation. NOTE: This type
 Oil
breaker weak points: 1 - the oil
carbonization and the sediment is the
key. 2 - mixture of air and hydrogen,
causing explosions and fires are
dangerous.4 - It would occupy too much
volume, especially at high voltages. 5 Access to services and regular contact
and oil needs. 6 - not suitable for
frequent switching. 7 - Brykrhay oil
phase can be placed inside a tank or

Off sparks reasons: 1 - elongation curve (arising
from the performance of mechanical arm). 2 - cool
sparks. * Increasing the length of the spark, the spark
calls for more oil and more oil in the heat of the arc
will be cooler.The two parts are separated from each
other by high voltage post. * Sksyvnr are made at
different voltages and are made of three basic parts:
1 - the second blade carrier - Reinsurance insulators
3 - mechanism of action and leverage the single
action mechanism * disconnect switch: 1 - Manual:
the mechanism Aynhalt is stimulated by the operator.
2 - Engine: The mechanism of action by an electric
motor which is connected to the transmission system
*
Dyskanktha types: 1 - Rotational (column)
in 132kv and higher voltages are used and
their function in parallel with the surface
angle will be 90 degrees. 2 - rotational
(vertical) which are used in voltage level.
(Disconnect switch blade) 3 - scissors shape
(Pando graph) where the difference in
elevation is Mmvlabkar. 4 - Dsykankthay
elbow (split):
5
- Dyskankt Earth: Earthing Switch &
Grounding Switch the electrical or
mechanical interlock Dyskanktha usually
a Sksyvnrhay lines or transformers,
reactors, capacitor banks are a means to
the disconnect switch or line input
Depending on the transformer will not
open until the disconnect switch is
closed, the disconnect switch will be
 Opening
and closing conditions Dyskanktha:
1 - only the capacitive charging current circuit
lines or current magnetic effect of small
distribution transformers exist. 2 - the opening
and closing of the switch does not change the
voltage switch. 3 - open or closed because the
keys are not in the flow of time is almost zero
switching the breaker disconnect switch is
much higher. 4 - To ensure Dyskanktha
function called interlock system with steering
circuit breaker is used in this system, the
interlock can be electrically and
 Protective
equipment against overvoltage
general characteristics are: 1 - the network
nominal voltage not show any reaction. 2 against over voltages caused to react very
quickly to any harm system equipment. 3 Ability to have a lot of flow. 4 - After
removing the voltage reaches the nominal
voltage and current through the arrester off
and the circuit is completely open.

Types of surge arresters: 1 - 2 arrester rod - lightning
rods Valve 3 - zinc oxide arrester arrester z no *
Specifications: 1 - Nominal Voltage: Rated Voltage that is, the maximum amount of voltage that can be
lightning rods in your head and is not functional. 2 The nominal frequency: Rated Fregaency F = 50 Hz
or 60 Hz -, grid frequency where the arrester is
installed 3 - ignition voltage of industrial frequency:
Paver Frequency Spark Over Voltage - The minimum
voltage at industrial frequency If the two ends of the
spark arrester may cause. 4 - voltage spark caused by
5
- Maximum discharge current: Rated
Discharge Current - The maximum current
that can pass through the arrester to the
evacuation without damage to the arrester. 6 Residual voltage: Residerad Voltage - The
voltage that appears on the two ends of the
arrester, which is dependent on the current
arresters.A number of times arresters per
meter will record the number of performances
at the end of each month, quarter or year will

Kmyat electrical voltage applied to the grid at a
level proportional to the voltage and current used
for measuring relays and instruments are
provided.* Voltage transformer: (PT) is the
transformer secondary voltage proportional to the
primary voltage Hmfazy occurs for a system
voltage converter for voltage measurement and
protection devices and circuits used for the
measurement II provide isolated power circuit.
The transformer operates just like other

PT-high voltage tank of oil in the primary coils
inside Vsanvyh Holds and includes the following
sections: - coil voltage - low voltage coils insulation at high voltages and supply voltages
typically lower oil The dry type is - the core external wall insulation voltage transformers *
The building is divided into two categories: 1 single Bvshyngy Type: Single Bushing 2 Bvshyngy type: Double Bushing for phase-toground voltage measurements of PT single
Bvshyngy used. PT single Bvshyngy the
construction cost and the stars are made.
 PT and
generally parallel to the power system
are installed. PT should have the following
characteristics: 1 - voltage drop and power
loss in the primary and secondary windings is
minimized. 2 - The flow is very low
dispersion. 3 - core to avoid saturation.
Important note: It is best to reform the PT
secondary is open, ie it has a high impedance
to the flow of it is very limited.
 T and
C.T: the difference in the equivalent
circuit parameters, namely: 1 - Differences in
coils Resistance 2 - nuclei are characterized
by differences in PT ** NOTE ** as
commonly used are single-phase. *
Application of P, T: A - System Protection - In
use PT as described measurement system that
is: - voltage measurements - can be measured
- measured power factor - using a
synchronous circuit check - use protections O
/ V---U/V---Directional * PT must be installed

The input and output of the power transformer. The PT must be present on each bus. * General
Considerations in PT * 1 - the second PT can be
used in several Kor Kor is possible that each is
composed of several pulses.The choir is a (MCB)
must be for her. - PT secondary terminals and the
small initial letters capitalized are identified.
Secondary taps on the right side and the left side
of the figure are deaf in the secondary.
 Definitions
and important Kmyat PT: * name
* of voltage conversion phase to earth and
always consider is the second time in PT
(remove) * Trans * Nominal output voltage of
error * error handling * phase Insulation class
accuracy levels: index of nominal voltage
consumption rate allowable voltage on the pT
of the coefficient depends on the duration
voltage Dardmsla: pT withstand voltage is
normally 10%. PT's are typically for 50%
 pT normally 100% for
the voltage tolerance is
30 Sec. Capacitor voltage transformer
Capacitor Voltage Transformer Or CVT
consists of a single partition by using the
capacitor voltage transformers,
electromagnetic Vick.At voltages above 63 kv
and economically because of the ease of use
of the CVT.
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