Transcript History of aviation in Portugal Teacher: Luís Ferreira Student: Sara Ferreira 11.1 History of aviation in Portugal THE PIONEERS The pioneers • 20th JuneShoemaker João Torto jumped off.

History of aviation in Portugal
Teacher: Luís Ferreira
Student: Sara Ferreira 11.1
History of aviation in Portugal
THE PIONEERS
The pioneers
• 20th
June
1540
Shoemaker João Torto
jumped off the Tower of
the city of Viseu with a
machine built by himself
in a failed attempt to
reach the sky.
The João Torto’s jump.
The pioneers
Passarola - a flying machine by Bartolomeu de
Gusmão.
• 7th August 1709 - the
Portuguese
priest
Bartolomeu de Gusmão,
presented in Lisbon, to
the King D. João V, a
revolutionary
event
where he made a small
hot air balloon rise into
the air. Bartolomeu de
Gusmão was the inventor
of the Aerostar, having
opened the doors to the
aviation and aerostatics.
The pioneers
• Abreu de Oliveira was the
first Portuguese aeronaut.
On 17th May 1884, he
elevated in a gas balloon,
in Tapada da Ajuda, falling
in Tagus River near Cais
do Sodré.
Abreu de Oliveira (on the right side).
The pioneers
The airship built by Cipriano Pereira Jardim
• Cipriano Pereira Jardim
was the inventor of the
dirigible balloon. He
built an airship with
military purposes (with
hydrogen
and
an
electric motor
for
propulsion), at the end
of the 19th century.
History of aviation in Portugal
THE FIRST PLANE’S FLIGHTS
The first plane’s flights
• Armand
Ziptel
attempted to pilot a
plane for the first time
in Portugal with the
plane model Voisin
Antoinette with 40 hp. It
was on 17th October
1909. This attempt
resulted only in a leap
of 200 meters to 8
meters high.
First flight with a plane in Portugal.
The first plane’s flights
• In 11th December 1909
is founded Aero-Club of
Portugal, with the
objective of promoting
aeronautics.
Aero-Club of Portugal 1909’s logo.
The first plane’s flights
• Óscar Blank received
the Aviator pilot license
on 12th July 1909,
having been the first
Portuguese civil pilot
and one of the first in
the world.
Óscar Blank
The first plane’s flights
A Blériot XI plane at the present time.
• The first real flight was
held by the Frenchman
Julien Mamet on 27th
April
1910,
after
describing a wide circle
to 50 meters in height,
in his Blériot XI, in
Lisbon
The first plane’s flights
• The first motor-driven
aeroplane flight by a
Portuguese was on 10th
September 1912, by the
pilot Alberto Sanches
de Castro, in a Bleriot
monoplane,
the
Channel Crossing type.
Bleriot monoplane, the Channel Crossing type.
The first plane’s flights
• In 14th May 1914 was
published
the
law
establishing the first
military aviation school
to be installed in Vila
Nova da Rainha, having
been inaugurated in 1st
August 1916.
First military aviation school
The first plane’s flights
• In 1922, Sacadura Cabral and
Gago Coutinho performed what
would be the most important
event in Portuguese aviation: the
first Aerial Crossing of the South
Atlantic.
• It was an adventure full of upsets
once that the first aircraft used (a
Fairey III-D, the “Lusitania”)
wasn´t able to reach the final
destination and so it
was
replaced with another Fairey
(“Santa Cruz”). In the end, the
trip was a tremendous success,
particularly for the accuracy
demonstrated on air navigation.
Fairey III-D Santa Cruz
The first plane’s flights
• Gago Coutinho used a
sextant of the Navy that
had been adapted to an
artificial horizon of his
conception. This step
besides innovative was
even revolutionary for
its time.
Gago Coutinho and his navy sextant adapted
The first plane’s flights
• In 1927, Sarmento de
Beires, aboard the seaplane
Dornier Wal, "Argos", in the
company of Jorge Castilho
and Manuel George meets
with success the night
Crossing of the South
Atlantic. This crossing which
took place at night, with
rudimentary navigation aid,
is perhaps one of the most
extraordinary
feats
of
aviation in Portugal.
The plane Dornier Wal Argos
History of aviation in Portugal
MILITARY AVIATION
Military aviation
• The Portuguese air
force was established in
1st
July
1952,
constituting themselves
as an independent
branch, in parallel with
the Navy and Army,
joining the aviation
incorporated in those
branches.
Coat of arms of the Portuguese Air Force
Military aviation
• Portuguese Air Force’s Squadrons
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Squadron 101 - "Roncos"
Squadron 103 - "Caracóis"
Squadron 201 - "Falcões"
Squadron 301 - "Jaguares"
Squadron 501 - "Bisontes"
Squadron 502 - "Elefantes"
Squadron 504 - "Linces"
Squadron 552 - "Zangões"
Squadron 601 - "Lobos"
Squadron 751 - "Pumas"
Squadron 802 - "Águias"
Military aviation
• Major aircraft of the Portuguese Air Force
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Aerospatiale Epsilon-TB 30: Squadron 101 - "Roncos"
Agusta-Westland – EH-101 Merlin: Squadron 751 - "Pumas"
ASK-21: Squadron 802 - "Águias"
Chipmunk MK 20 (modif.): Squadron 802 - "Águias"
Dassault/Dornier Alpha-Jet: Squadron 103 - "Caracóis"
EADS C-295M: Squadron 502 - "Elefantes"
Lockheed C-130 H / H-30 Hercules: Squadron 501 - "Bisontes"
Lockheed Martin F-16 AM: – Squadron 201 - "Falcões" and Squadron
301 - "Jaguares"
Lockheed P-3C CUP+ ORION: Squadron 601 - "Lobos"
L-23 Super Blanik: Squadron 802 - "Águias"
Marcel-Dassault Falcon 50: Squadron 504 - "Linces"
Sudaviation - SE 3160 Alouette III: Squadron 552 - "Zangões”
Military aviation
Military aviation
History of aviation in Portugal
COMMERCIAL AVIATION
Commercial aviation
• The first Portuguese
airline to be created
was SATA on 21st August
1941.
SATA logo
Commercial aviation
• The SATA International
was founded on 19th
March 1998 operating
flights outside Azores.
A SATA airplane in Dublin aeroport
Commercial aviation
• The Transportes Aéreos
Portugueses (TAP) was
created on 14th March
1945.
TAP logo evolution
Commercial aviation
• In 1945 the TAP
acquired its first two 21
passengers DC-3 Dakota
airplanes and hired the
pioneer
of
flight
attendance in Portugal,
Maria
de
Lurdes
Martins Owen.
TAP’s DC-3 Dakota
Commercial aviation
• In 1946, TAP already holds the
General Course for Pilots in
Portugal,
being
that
the
conditions for the company to
begin operating are set.
• The first commercial line (Lisbon
— Madrid) opens on 19th
September 1946.
• On 31st December 1946, the
“Imperial Air Line” is inaugurated
(Lisbon - Luanda - Lourenço
Marques) with 12 stopovers and
15 days of length (return). With
24,540 kilometers, it’s the most
extensive line operated by the
DC-3 at world level.
First model of the TAP ticket
Commercial aviation
• TAP receives, in July of
1962, the first of its
three VI-R Caravelles,
with the entrance of the
jet airliner era.
TAP VI-R Caravelles
Commercial aviation
• In 2009:
– In July, TAP is awarded as the “Best
Airline Company”, for the 6th
consecutive year by the Publituris
newspaper. Its record for passenger
transportation in one day is
surpassed by itself on 31st July with
a total of 34.031 passengers carried.
– In November, TAP’s elected as the
“World’s Leading Airline to South
America” in the 16th edition of the
World Travel Awards, the most
prestigious accolade of the industry.
– On 21st December TAP wins the
“PLANET EARTH” award, awarded
by UNESCO in recognition of the
carbon offset programme launched
by the company.
An Airbus A340 with the colors of the TAP
Commercial aviation
• In 25th July 1988,
was created. The
flight was on 7th
1990, between
cities of Lisbon
Oporto.
PGA logo
PGA
first
July
the
and
Commercial aviation
• In mid 2007, PGA
integrates the TAP
Group and takes on a
new business model.
The Company stops
working in the regional
market
and
starts
working within a Group
logic as a supplier of
flight capacity by hiring
its aircraft to TAP.
An Fokker 100 with the colors of the PGA
History of aviation in Portugal
PORTUGUESE AVIATION INDUSTRY
Portuguese aviation industry
OGMA´s logo production facilities
• OGMA (Oficina Gerais de
Material Aeronáutico) was
created on 29th June 1918.
• OGMA is today a very
important worldwide player
in the aerospace MRO and
manufacturing business.
• OGMA also qualifies as an
AMC for several major
manufacturers such as
EMBRAER, Lockheed Martin
and Rolls-Royce.
Portuguese aviation industry
History of aviation in Portugal
PORTUGAL IN SPACE
Portugal in space
• 1993 – Launch of the
PoSAT-1
– PoSAT-1 was the first
Portuguese satellite built
in collaboration with a
consortium
of
companies and national
universities.
PoSat 1 – The first Portuguese satellite
Portugal in space
• 1996
Portugal
becomes a cooperative
ESA Member State
• 2000
Portugal
becomes a cooperating
State of ESA
ESA logo
Portugal in space
• Portuguese participation
ESA space programs
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Distribution of Portuguese institutional contribution
in the various optional subscription programs of ESA,
grouped by programmatic domain.
in
Earth observation
Monitoring
the
space
infrastructure
Telecommunications
and
integrated applications
Satellite navigation
Robotic Exploration
Rocket Launchers
Space Technology
Transport to the ISS and human
exploration
Portugal in space
• Bibliography
– Aeronáutica – Os cabeças no Ar
– Ex – OGMA
– História da Aviação Militar em Portugal
History of aviation in Portugal
THE END