Success story of BHOOMI – First large e-Gov project in India Samartharam N R [email protected].
Download ReportTranscript Success story of BHOOMI – First large e-Gov project in India Samartharam N R [email protected].
Success story of BHOOMI – First large e-Gov project in India Samartharam N R [email protected]
BHOOMI Pioneer in LRs administration
• •
13 year old
Covers entire state – – 16.4 million RORs 24 million farmers • • •
Large User base
Departmental users – 16,000 Transaction Volume Mutations – 1.4 crore RC distribution – 16.78 crore User charges collected – 226 crore No of LAQ notification - 1328 Moving towards Land Admin Tool
Broad user base
– – – – – – – VAs RIs Office staff Tahasildar/ACs SROs SLAOs Bankers - 13,000 - 800 - 400 - 300 - 240 - 75 - 4580
Land records : Then & Now
Manual records Low visibility Cumbersome Dated records Harassment Tamper Prone Computerised Transparency Easy access Up to date Citizen friendly Secured
The path traversed-amazing numbers
• Data entry – – – – 10000 plus officials underwent training on data preparation and validation process Implementation at 27 locations simultaneously 20,000 man-months legacy data entry involving 1200 operators Validated 1.64 crore records through 67 lakhs farmers and 9000 Village officials • Bhoomi software & Training – – – – – Requirement specification through 16 workshops-participatory development 200 man-months development effort Development in local language 700 + village officials trained Continuous training on for over a year
The transition in documentation
Multiple stakeholders benefit
• Banks • Judiciary • Private firms Bhoomi • Quick, harassment free • Records tamper proof • Simple mutation process • Easier farm credit • Less litigation • Protect govt. land • Citizen friendly • Easy implementation • Manpower redeployment • Planning inputs
Protection from harassment and extortion
Evaluation Report Card on Bhoomi
•
Ease of Use:
– 78% of users who had used both systems found Bhoomi simpler; – 66% used Bhoomi without help vs. 28% in manual • • • • • •
Complexity of Procedures:
– 80% did not have to meet any one other than at kiosk: – In manual 19% met one officer and 61% met 2-4 officials
Errors in documents:
Bhoomi 8% vs manual 64%
Rectification of errors:
sought correction 93 % vs 49%, timely response 50% vs 4%
Cost of service:
84% one visit to Bhoomi center
Corruption:
66% paid bribes very often vs 3% in Bhoomi
Staff behavior
: Bhoomi Good (84%) vs manual Average (63%)
Source :Public Affairs Centre,Bangalore
Evaluation Report Card on Bhoomi
Average time required for obtaining copies of RTC before and after the BHOOMI
Southern Karnataka Northern Karnataka Total
Before BHOOMI
2.3 days (4.6 visits) 2.7 days (5.4 visits) 2.5 days (5 visits)
After BHOOMI
1.07 days (1.07 visits) 1.02 days (1.02 visits) 1.04 days (1.04 visits)
Time saving
1.23
1.68
1.45
Cost of obtaining the copy of RTC before and after BHOOMI with the break-up of the components of the cost Cost (in Rs)
197 Fees 03
Before BHOOMI Components (in Rs)
Bribe Transport Opportu ation cost nity cost 38 41 115
Cost (in Rs)
Fees 98 15
After BHOOMI Components (in Rs)
Bribe Transport Opportu ation cost nity cost 00 19 64 Southern Karnataka Northern Karnataka
Average
207
202
03
03
41
39.5
42
41.5
121
118
94
97
15
15
00
00
23
22
56
60
Evaluation Report Card on Bhoomi
Average time for carrying out mutation in RTCs before and after BHOOMI
Before BHOOMI After BHOOMI Increase / Decrease
Southern Karnataka 29 days 50 days + 21 days Northern Karnataka
Average
27 days
28 days
55 days
53 days
+ 28 days
+ 25 days
Average Cost of single transaction of mutation before and after BHOOMI with the break up of the components of the cost
Before BHOOMI After BHOOMI
Southern Karnataka Northern Karnataka
Average Cost (in Rs)
2586 2723
2615
Fees 35 35
35 Components (in Rs)
Bribe Transport Opportu 2347 2511
2429
ation cost 40 38
39
nity cost 112 112
112 Cost (in Rs)
2969 3135
3052
Fees 35 35
35 Components (in Rs)
Bribe Transport Opportu 2731 ation cost 77 nity cost 126 2896
2813
94
85.5
110
118
What Bhoomi has achieved
• • • • • • • • Land records in public domain – No application, no identity requirements Mutation requests acknowledged & tracked Mutation requests increased three fold Reduction in land based litigation in Revenue courts Biometrics authentication- Non repudiation feature PKI enabled BHOOMI to adhere to IT act 2000
Challenges
• • • • • • • Information overload Managing Human Resources The Roll Out Outsourcing the Back Log Picking the right people Doing the Ground Work Making Sure things Work
Challenges
• • • • Lack of Realistic needs analysis Unwillingness to redefine rules, and procedures Misconception about Information transparency • • • Security Threats & Legal Issues Tendency to resist the change in work culture Problem of sustainability of change
Implementation process
• • • • • Series of workshops for involvement of officials and for the viewpoints involving all level of officials at – – Divisional District and – State level Workshops chaired by CS for all DCs Committing of timelines through budget declarations Demonstration of political support – – – Regular review by CM Letter to DCs by CM Making CM to talk to laggard DCs Visits by officers and ministers of other state led to increasing internal support
Implementation process
• • • Pilot in 5 taluks followed by 27 talukas @ 1 taluka in each district All essential features implemented in pilot including – – User charges Stopping of manual system Make midterm corrections like – – – – – – Handling corrections to data Modification to data entry SW Preparation of land records manual data for data entry Publicity of the project to the citizens Training to the stakeholders Handling the bugs in the SW
Implementation process
• • Followed by implementation in all remaining talukas – Smooth implementation except the regular anticipated hurdles – Data errors Minor Hardware and software glitches – Gradual introduction of changes in system – First phase- land record delivery through kiosks only – – – – Mutation process computerised but no reengineering attempted Multiple authorities for mutation approval were removed FIFO in mutation Mutation kiosks for acceptance of requests
Major obstacles
• • • • Large size of legacy data digitization Decentralized implementation Lack of technical manpower – – To maintain the IT infrastructure For supporting the department for end to end implementation They were overcome – Data validation through department hierarchy – – – Farmers themselves Facility management Deployment of consultants
Success factors
• • • • • • • Political will matched by strong administrative machinery to implement the scheme Comprehensive and user friendly software Working out minute implementation details Intensive and well organized training for willing and young village officials Technical help through • • Appointment through consultants Facility management Continuation of project champion Appropriate user charges
Challenges in data exchange
• e-Governance systems can monitor the activities only after transactions are digitally captured on them. • If two e-Governance systems are in place and they start exchanging data in the form of paper, actual benefit cannot be exploited. • Individuals working will only decide when to enter the transaction giving undesirable discretionary power to the officials .
Why electronic integration ?
1. Remove/reduce human discretion 2. Automatic initiation of transaction based on electronic data 3. Removes time lag 4. Removes/reduces data entry mistakes resulting in rejections 5. Structured data helps in creation of good MIS and analysis reports
Integration with stake holders
KAVERI BANK LAQ MODULE SMS INTEGRATION MOJINI
BHOOMI-KAVERI integration
• • • • • Check for the necessity of Pre-Mutation sketch No sale, pledge/mortgage transactions allowed on Govt. land. Seller should be the owner in BHOOMI database. Govt. restrictions like land grant conditions, LRF conditions, PTCL etc. are checked before performing transactions Court stay and court orders existing on land parcel are also checked before allowing transactions.
BHOOMI-KAVERI integration
• • • • • Facilitates in reflecting registration events on record of rights with minimum time lag.
Mutation transactions initiated automatically. Facilitates to fill the vacuum of non availability of vital information during registration.
Facilitates transactions only on the balance extents of the owners. Facilitates for photo and finger print verification
BHOOMI-KAVERI integration
Conventional Method SRO – KAVERI REGISTRATION DOCUMENTS + INTIMATION
By post
BHOOMI DATA ENTRY CHECKLIST APPROVAL NOTICE PRINTING 30 DAYS WAITING PERIOD MUTATION ORDER DATA ENTRY SCANNING MUTATION APPROVAL ROR UPDATED After electronic integration SRO KAVERI REGISTRATION AFTER VALIDATION OF BHOOMI DATA MUTATION DATA
ELECTRONICALLY AUTO NOTICE GENERATION 30 DAYS NOTICE PERIOD MUTATION APPROVAL ROR UPDATED
Data retrieval from BHOOMI in KAVERI
Auto initiation of Mutation
Document number
TPT-1-03579-2013-14 TPT-1-03587-2013-14 TPT-1-03588-2013-14 TPT-1-03591-2013-14 TPT-1-03594-2013-14
Date and time of Registration
17/12/2013 12:50 17/12/2013 15:46 17/12/2013 15:49 17/12/2013 16:31 17/12/2013 17:20
Date and time of Notice Generation
17/12/2013 19:15 17/12/2013 19:15 17/12/2013 19:16 17/12/2013 19:16 17/12/2013 19:16
No. of days to initiate transaction
Year
2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013
Before Integration
36 34 42
After Integration
12 8 3
Comparative analysis
Measure Initial BHOOMI
Request for mutation Citizen has to approach Taluk office Data entry of Application Generation of transaction & notice Required to be done by taluk office operator Yes (User has to generate the software) using option provided in Validations Disputes Only at Data Entry level of Mutation entry Less Human discretion Less
BHOOMI with XML exchange with KAVERI
Automatic Semi automatic Yes (User has to generate using option provided in the software) Only at Data Entry level of Mutation Lesser Lesser
BHOOMI – KAVERI Online Integration
Automatic Fully (No Data Entry) Fully Automated At the time of Registration Least Least Automated
BHOOMI-BANK integration
• • • To reduce number of visits that farmer makes to bank and taluk office to get farm credit To automatically initiate mutation transaction in BHOOMI based on requests either to put or remove liabilities To remove time lag between sanction of loan and disbursement
BHOOMI - BANK Integration
Conventional Method APPLICANT SUBMITSREQUEST TO BANK DOCUMENT VERIFICATION + INTIMATION REQUEST SUBMITS TO TALUK OFFICE MUTATION PROCESS CREATION OF CHARGE ON ROR GET UPDATED ROR FROM TALUK OFFICE SUBMITS UPDATED ROR TO BANK CREDIT DISBURSED After Electronic Integration BANK BANKER ETCHING FROM BHOOMI ELECTRONICALLY MUTATION APPROVAL ROR UPDATED CREDIT DISBURSED
Number of Days taken (BBI)
Year
2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013
Before Integration
33 28 33
After Integration
NA 6 1
Bank integration: Benefits
• • • • • •
Banks
Bhoomi data replaces need for NOC Authenticity of ownership Eliminates cross lending Intimation about transaction on pledged land and crops Reduces time taken for credit disbursal Ensures reflection of liabilities on ROR • • • • •
Citizens
No need to go to Taluk Office Number of visits reduced Quick access to crop loan Saves cost High Transparency
BHOOMI - BANK
Why BHOOMI-Land Acquisition Integration?
1. Stops all transaction on the land once notified for acquisition 2. Lands Acquired once can not be sold or mortgaged 3. Land Acquisition twice Scenario avoided 4. Notification on web – enables citizen to be aware of LAQ 5. Manual notifications barred through Govt order 6. End to End online LAQ module – workflow based
LAQ
LAQ Notification & Updation of RTC
Acquisition for Railway Project
SMS Integration
• Intimation to seller and buyer on initiation of mutation process • Intimation to applicant at each level of Transaction SMS
Synchronization between textual and Cadastre
• Measurement of land before registration • Use of licensed surveyors • Integrated Mutation process • Ensures synchronization between textual and spatial records • And eventually graduating to
Torrens system
( State to guarantee land title on the basis of entries in records)
The Reach of the Integrated System Year
2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014
Number of Transactions
BHOOMI KAVERI 12,336 BHOOMI BANK 0 BHOOMI-LAND ACQUISITION 6 1,98,766 5,228 193 5,53,451 7,14,376 94,624 74,802 536 563
Things helped in achieving
Irreversibility
• • • • • Amendment to Karnataka Land Revenue Act making electronic data is the only authentic data.
Amendment to Karnataka Land Revenue Act making pre-mutation sketch mandatory for registration.
Circular issued by Principal Secretary to GOK (Revenue) making RoRs mandatory for registration.
Banning Manual process of Land acquisition Section 9, 10 and 10A of THE KARNATAKA AGRICULTURAL CREDIT OPERATIONS AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS ACT, 1974.
Lessons on strategies for sustainable computerization in government
• • • • • • Rule one: The driver has to understand the full implications and potential of the initiative Rule two: Keep things simple at the field level Rule three: Rule four: Do things that affect the consumer first Data size is irrelevant Rule five: While implementing the project, focus on the younger staff at the lowest implementing level in the government Rule six: Introduce improvements gradually & continuously
Testimonials
• • • Union Minister - Letter GOI-FS - Secretary’s letter NABARD - Regional officer’s letter
MoRD
GOI -FS
NABARD Appreciation
Recognition
• • Detailed study of Bhoomi by World Bank made available on its website for facilitating replication. ( www.worldbank.org/publicsector/egov ) • • World Bank and Ford foundation have got done an independent evaluation of the BHOOMI project • Apart from winning silver in
CAPAM
, Bhoomi was one of the finalist in
Stockholm challenge award 2002
and
Tech Museum innovation award, California 7 th National e-Governance award for BHOOMI 17 th National e-Governance (Gold) for Integration of BHOOMI with Stakeholders (2014)
THANK YOU
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