Transcript a. BHOOMI-Management of Land Records in

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School of Good Governance And
Policy Analysis
National Workshop on
Disseminating Information on Good
Practices in Public Service Delivery
June 5, 2009
BHOOMI-Management of Land Records
in Karnataka
-Shri Rajiv Chawla,
Secretary (Survey Settlement),
Government of Karnataka
Bhoomi
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievements
Benefits
Learnings
Road Ahead
Award
Criteria
The project happened in Karnataka
Project coverage
 7 million farmers: 35
million beneficiaries
Bangalore
0.2 mn sq kms
 20 million land records
(0.6 hectare average size
of holding)
 202 project locations
serving farmers from
27000 villages
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Its all about agricultural land record reforms
 Data in land records
• Demographic data, Economic data, Legal rights
• 47 information ‘fields’ – owners, tenants, crops, yield,
irrigation sources, mortgage details, soil, bank loans etc
 Critical to farmers
• Basis for ownership & loan
 Instrument of social justice
• Poor records lead to litigation & social unrest
• Ensure government gets its due returns
 Critical for economic growth
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
The essence of Bhoomi
Bhoomi is a farmer friendly mechanism
to access and update land records
using state of art technology
Bhoomi
Farmers availing services
Bhoomi
Farmers availing services
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Land records : Then & Now
Manual records
Computerised
Low visibility
Transparency
Cumbersome
Easy access
Dated records
Up to date
Harassment
Citizen friendly
Tamper Prone
Secured
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
The path traversed-amazing numbers
 Data entry
• 10000 plus officials underwent training on data preparation
and validation process
• 20,000 man-months legacy data entry involving 1200
operators
• Validated 20 mn records through 6.7 mn farmers and 9000
Village officials
 Bhoomi software & Training
• Fully developed in-house by NIC,Bangalore
• Requirement specification through 16 workshopsparticipatory development
• 1000 man-months development effort
• Development in local language
• 1000 + village officials trained
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
The transition in documentation
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Transparency ensures social equity
 Gone are the days when Village Accountants would
be able to dole favors on extraneous considerations
First in first out mutations in Bhoomi
No more discretion to favor influential people
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Bhoomi has touched farmers’ lives
 7 Crore copies have been provided from the
Bhoomi kiosks
• 2 crores copies provided to citizens every year
 Mutation incidence has increased 3 fold
 Land based litigation down by around 50% as per
revenue department officials
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
What has Bhoomi achieved
 Handwritten records fully substituted by computerised recordsa legal framework in place
 Imposition of user charges with better delivery of services make
scheme viable and sustainable- Collection of Rs 1.5 Crore per
month as against annual total expenditure of Rs 18 Crore on
project
•
Till date Rs 105 Crore user charges collected
 Land records in public domain
• No application, no identity requirements
• Land records and mutation status on web
 Biometrics authentication- Non repudiation feature
 Crop data updated three times a year
• Rabi Khariff and Summer
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Recent developments in Bhoomi
 Using Hand held devices like Simputer and mobile
phones for online data capture
• Avoid drudgery of current manual crop collection and batch
updation
 Offloading distribution of records to privates sector
• 800 rural telecentres under NEMADDI project in place
• Bhoomi makes Nemmadi sustainable- killer application
 Providing value added services to farmers from 800
rural telecentres
• 42 other services like social pensions, income and catse
certificates etc,
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Recent developments in Bhoomi
 Pilot on electronic linking of lending agencies with
bhoomi
• Electronically request Bhoomi for mortagage entries
 Pilot on electronic linking of land acquisition officers
to Bhoomi
• Electronically informing Bhoomi of 4(1) and 6(1) on lands
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
What did Bhoomi demonstate
 Such huge projects are also doable with existing
bureaucracy
 Citizens do not mind paying for better services
• Broke the myth of FREE services
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Success factors
 Political and administrative support for the project
 Demonstrating early successes to silence cynical
staff and critics
 Importance of pilots
 Stakeholders engagement and involvement
 Abolition of alternatives
• No competition to new system
 Institutionalization and legal changes
 Committed NIC staff
• Continued support
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Success factors
 Capacity building among government servants
• Catch them young- compassionate appointed village
accountants
 Involvement of vendors and contract management
• Training of data entry vendors
• Facility management
 Evolution of self funding model
• No dependence on government
 Appropriate Technology choices
 Institutional administrative structure for
implementation
• Bhoomi monitoring cell
 Continuity of project champion
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Challenges faced
 Cynicism among government officials
 Indifferent senior bureaucracy
 Lack of IT knowledge among senior officers like
DMs
 Impatient political leadership
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Learnings from Bhoomi
 Devil lies in details
 Capture low hanging fruits
• RTCs were not corrected or updated before taking data entry
 But need to capture difficult fruits also
• Improving quality of land records
 Gradual introduction of reforms to manage change helps
•
•
•
•
•
•
Provisioning of copies from kiosks instead of 10000 VAs
FIFO in mutation
Merger of survey department with Revenue department
Integrated mutation
No registration till seller is the owner
Presumptive mutation
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Learnings from Bhoomi
 For projects to be successful
• One requires many committed officials
 Who may not be necessarily senior officers
 Slow and steady wins the race
• Huge projects require LARGE time to execute
 Challenge your belief and thinking
• And innovate and innovate
 Respect new ideas
• Create environment for innovation
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Road ahead
 Find the errors in Bhoomi data and correct the same
 Ensure that spatial data and non spatial data remains in
sync
 Evolution and implementation of integrated mutation
process
 Integrate registration system with Bhoomi tightly
 Migrate towards titling system
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Award
Criteria
Efforts towards Replication and recognitions
 Bhoomi is now declared to be the national model for replication by MIT
GOI
 Detailed study of Bhoomi by World Bank made available on its website
for facilitating replication. (www.worldbank.org/publicsector/egov)
 World Bank and Ford foundation have got done an independent
evaluation of the BHOOMI project
 Apart from winning silver in CAPAM, Bhoomi was one of the finalist in
Stockholm challenge award 2002
 Winner of national e-Governance award
 Winner of United Nations Public service award 2005-06
 PM award for the year 2006-07
Bhoomi
Thank You
Rajeev Chawla
Commissioner Survey settlement and
land records and Special Secretary
(Bhoomi)
Revenue Department
Govt of Karnataka
E-mail:
[email protected]
Website: www.bhoomi.kar.nic.in
Bhoomi