Transcript Strategic Planning Presented by: Cindy Banyai, Ph.D. Executive Director, Refocus Institute IREX Community Solutions Program August 25 – September 1, 2011 Learning Objectives • How to.

Strategic Planning
Presented by: Cindy Banyai, Ph.D.
Executive Director, Refocus Institute
IREX Community Solutions Program
August 25 – September 1, 2011
Learning Objectives
• How to plan strategically
• How to effectively employ short and long
term strategic plans
• Importance of incorporating monitoring
and evaluation (M&E) into program design
and implementation
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HOW TO PLAN
STRATEGICALLY
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Logical Framework Approach
• Process to organize policy, programs and
projects for management
– Provides theory for evaluation
• Promotes accountability and effectiveness
• Connects tangible inputs and deliverables
with conceptual goals
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Logical Framework Model
Miyoshi, 2009; based on JICA 2004
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Otherwise known as….
• Program Theory Matrix (PTM)
• Managing for development results, resultsbased management (RBM)
• Project Cycle Management (PCM)
• See also – Social network analysis,
Outcome mapping
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Logframe Definitions
• End outcomes – change in society
• Intermediate outcomes – change in target
group
• Outputs – results of activities
• Activities – actions in project
• Inputs – requirements to begin project
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Management roles in the
logframe
• Project management – controls inputs,
activities and outputs
• Policy planning – controls intermediate
outcomes and end outcomes
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Finding the logic
• Vertical logic - activities deliver outputs,
which contribute to intermediate
outcomes, which help bring about the
overall goal (end outcomes)
• Horizontal logic - shows how progress
against each objective is assessed
(through verifying indicators) and the
external factors (assumptions and risks)
that might affect the achievement of
objectives at the next level
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(Fujita 2010, p. 2)
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Logframe considerations
• There are many different types, but based
on same thrust
• Make simple and specific
• Needs to be flexible to guide programs
and evaluation
– Avoid outside impositions
– Update regularly
– Change when appropriate
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EFFECTIVE SHORT AND LONG
TERM PLANNING
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In general…
• Policies focus on large, long-term societal
goals (end outcomes)
• Programs focus on target groups to meet
policy goals – includes short and long term
plans (intermediate outcomes, outputs)
• Projects are shorter-term, targeted
components of programs (outputs)
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Policy, Programs & Projects
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Localization
• All levels of governance need to design
their own policy structure incorporating all
programs and projects under their
jurisdiction
– Short and long term planning is important at
all levels
– Allowing donors or national authorities dictate
policy disempowers local authorities
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Planning and M&E
• Evaluation results feed back into planning
• Monitor ongoing progress toward long
term goals – set benchmarks
• Set achievable short term goals
– Modify program approach or goal according to
evaluation data
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M&E IN PROGRAM DESIGN
AND IMPLEMENTATION
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Policy Management
• Policies, programs and projects should
have their own logframe
• Evaluation should be a continuous part of
management
– Starts before planning
– Continues through implementation and after
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Project Management Cycle
(PMC)
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Based on Miyoshi,
2008
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Evaluation
• Evaluation is the systematic collection and
assessment of information related to the
outcomes, operation, or process of a
policy structure, organization or
relationship. (based on Patton 2002;
Weiss 1998; see also USAID 2011)
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PMC and Evaluation
• Evaluation is an integral part of the
management process
– Occurs before, during and after
policy/program/project duration
– Evaluation results should be available and
used for the next policy/program/project
development
– Internal evaluation is a continuing
management activity
– External evaluation supports accountability
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Thanks for your attention!
Please send questions &
comments to
photoevaluation@refocusinstitute.
com
[email protected]
References
Banyai, Cindy. (2010). Community capacity and governance – New approaches
to development and evaluation. PhD diss., Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific
University.
Bureau for Policy, Planning, and Learning – United States Agency for
International Development [USAID]. (2011). Evaluation Policy. Washington,
D.C.: USAID.
Fujita, Nobuko. (2010). Beyond Logframe; Systems Concepts in Evaluation.
Tokyo: Foundation for Advanced Studies on International Development
[FASID].
Japan International Cooperation Agency - Office of Evaluation and Post Project
Monitoring, Planning and Evaluation Department (2004). JICA Evaluation
Handbook: Practical Methods for Evaluation. Tokyo: Japan International
Cooperation Agency.
Miyoshi, Koichi. (2008). What is Evaluation?. In Miyoshi, Koichi (Ed). Hyoka-ron
wo Manabu Hito no tameni (For People Learning Evaluation Theory). (pp. 116). Tokyo. Sekaishisosha.
Patton, Michael Quinn (2002). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods.
Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
Weiss, Carol H. (1998). Evaluation. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: PrenticeHall, Inc.
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