Transcript Transitions words and phrases of opposition/limitation/contradiction Use Example(s) although this may be true على الرغم من أن هذا قد يكون صحيحا I do not believe this although this.

Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Example(s)
although this
may be true
‫على الرغم من أن هذا قد‬
‫يكون صحيحا‬
I do not believe this although this may be true.
in contrast
‫في المقابل‬
The company lost $7 million this quarter in contrast to a profit of $6
million a year earlier.
In contrast to his predecessor, the new President has little interest in
foreign travel.
different
from
‫مختلفة من‬
of course ...
but
‫ لكن‬... ‫بالطبع‬
It's definitely different from the last couple of pictures.
This may of course be true but I do not believe it.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Example(s)
on the other hand
‫من ناحية أخرى‬
• to introduce a fact or
opinion that contrasts
with the fact or opinion
before it
on the
contrary ‫على‬
‫العكس تماما‬
at the same
time ‫في نفس‬
‫الوقت‬
On the one hand, expansion would be good, but on the other
hand it would be sad to lose the family atmosphere.
On the one hand they would love to have kids, but on the
other hand, they do not want to give up their freedom.
It’s a nice place to visit. On the other hand, it’s rather
expensive.
The risk of infection has not diminished – on the contrary, it has
decreased.
“It must have been terrible.” “On the contrary I enjoyed every
minute.”
I was watching TV last night and at the same time I was listening to
what my brother was saying.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
in spite of ‫على الرغم من‬
In spite of / despite
at the beginning of the sentence or
between two clauses
In spite of / despite + -ing
when the subject of both clauses is
the same
In spite of/ despite the fact that+
subject + verb
if the clauses of the sentence have
different subjects
Example(s)
In spite of / Despite her qualifications, she can’t
find a job.
In spite of the cold weather, they enjoyed
themselves.
In spite of the fact that they live near me, I don’t
see them very often.
NOT In spite of / Despite living near me, I
don’t often see them.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Example(s)
above all ‫قبل‬
‫كل شيء‬
then again
‫بعد كل هذا‬
Above all, keep in touch.
In their society, honesty was prized above all other virtues.
I suppose Mary might help; then again she might not.
in reality ‫في الواقع‬
But
‫لكن‬
after all
‫بعد كل شيء‬
In reality, human beings and dinosaurs never lived on earth at
the
same time.
Reports put the death toll at 50, when in reality it was closer to
200.
She is 83 but she still goes swimming every day.
We are making good progress, but we have still got a long way to go.
His mother will not be there, but his father might.
She should not be working so hard – she is 70, after all.
Maybe she was right after all.
I am not really ambitious. After all, money is not everything.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Example(s)
Even so/ nevertheless
I know he has some bad habits. Nevertheless
you shouldn’t be so rude to him.
I know he has some bad habits. You shouldn’t be
so rude to him, even so.
‫وحتى مع ذلك‬
•
in a second sentence, at the
beginning or end, with the
meaning’ although that is true’ or ‘
in spite of that’
• For emphasizing that the first
statement is true but it does not
prevent the second statement from
also being true.
I am not able to go to the beach with you.
Nevertheless, thanks for asking me.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Unlike
‫على عكس‬
Or
‫أو‬
Example(s)
The festival has been a great success, unlike last year when it rained
non-stop.
You can have soup, salad or sandwiches.
She has not phoned or written for weeks.
In the event of loss of money or traveller’s cheques, you must notify the police
within 24 hours,
and yet
‫ومع ذلك‬
He did not study hard and yet passed the final exam.
The weather was cold and yet it was bright and sunny.
Her advice seems strange and yet I believe she is right.
even so
‫وحتى مع ذلك‬
Cashes are rare, but, even so, there should be stricter safety
regulations
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Example(s)
While ‫في حين‬
My brother is good at sciences while I’m
While
good at languages.
to compare and contrast facts
While I understand your problem, there
before a statement that is true but it is not
is nothing I can do to help you.
as important as the statement that follows it
While most children learn to read easily,
some need extra help.
While Tom is very good at science, his
brother is absolutely hopeless.
Albeit ‫ولو‬
He finally agreed, albeit reluctantly, to help us.
The Unites States finally agreed, albeit unwillingly, to support the UN
action.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Example(s)
Besides ‫باإلضافة إلى‬
= apart from/ as well as/ in
addition to (this/ that)
Besides + -ing
She spends a lot of time working but she does a lot of
other things besides.
Besides eating too much, he also gets far too little
exercise.
• when both verbs have the
He has lots of other interests besides football.
same subject
A lot of them are studying other things besides
Italian.
Besides + noun/ pronoun
There are cakes and sandwiches, and lots more
besides.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Although ‫رغم أن‬
Although/though/even though
At the beginning of a sentence or
between two clauses.
All have a similar meaning: though
is more formal at the beginning of a
sentence, but a little more informal
when used between two clause,
even though is more emphatic.
Example(s)
Although/ Though/ Even though her job is
hard,
her salary is low.
Her salary is low, although/ though/ even
though her job is hard.
Although Steven was extremely tired, he
washed the dishes.
Although he has got a good job, he still
complains.
I felt he was wrong although I did not say so.
Although small, the kitchen is well designed.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Instead ‫بدال من‬
Example(s)
He has been playing football all afternoon instead of studying.
Can you go to the meeting instead of me?
She said nothing, preferring instead to save her comments till ater.
Whereas
‫في حين‬
•to compare and contrast facts
and emphasize the contrast
between these facts, in the
same way as while
Whereas I like sport, my friends hate it.
I like sport, whereas my friends hate it.
Some of the studies show positive results, whereas
others do not.
We thought she was arrogant, whereas in fact she
was just very shy.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Despite
‫على الرغم من‬
Example(s)
Her voice was shaking despite all her efforts to control it.
Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.
She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.
Conversely
‫العكس بالعكس‬
Some wrong answers were marked right and, conversely, some
right answers had been rejected.
When the press was biased towards the political right, television
coverage tended to lean to the left. Conversely, if the press swung
heavily to the left, television would have to redress the balance by
leaning to the right.
Otherwise
‫وإال‬
If I see her today I’ll tell her. Otherwise, I’ll call her
• = if not, when talking
later.
about will/ would happen if
I was ill. I would have gone to the party otherwise.
another thing mentioned
My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, l could not
does not/ did not happen
have afforded the trip.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Else
• = different; more
Use in the following structures:
something else, nothing else, etc.
In questions and statements
Or (else)
• to introduce an alternative
with else emphasizes that there
will be a bad result if the first thing
mentioned doesn’t happen
Example(s)
Jack didn’t know so I asked somebody else.
There’s nowhere else to look.
What else did he say?
I didn’t know where else to go.
Are you going to phone me or shall I phone you?
I’d better leave now or (else) I’ll be late.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
However ‫لكن‬
However
at the beginning of a second
sentence.
However/ though
at the end of a sentence , or
between two clauses of a second
sentence
Rather ‫باألحرى‬
Example(s)
Her job is hard. However, her salary is low.
Her job is hard. Her salary is low though/
however.
Her job is hard. Her salary is low, though/
however, so she’s leaving.
His purpose was not so much to attack his rivals. Rather, it was to
defend his own position.
The walls were not white, but rather a sort of dirty grey.
Transitions words and phrases of
opposition/limitation/contradiction
Use
Regardless
‫بغض النظر‬
Nevertheless
‫مع ذلك‬
Example(s)
The weather was terrible but we carried on regardless.
There must be equality of rights for all citizens, regardless of
nationality.
He went ahead and did it, regardless of the consequences.
Regardless of how many there may be, why would you cancel the
best of them.
It is a difficult race. Nevertheless, about 1,000 runners participate
each year.
The old system had its flaws, but nevertheless it was preferable to
the new one.
Notwithstanding
‫على الرغم من‬
Notwithstanding some major financial problems, the school has
had a successful year.
The bad weather notwithstanding, the event was a great
success.