Transcript Relative Clauses Frases Relativas (Versión inglés/español) ¿Qué son las frases relativas?  Son aquellas frases relativas a o relacionadas con algo o alguien, al cual.

Relative Clauses
Frases Relativas (Versión inglés/español)
¿Qué son las frases relativas?

Son aquellas frases relativas a o relacionadas con algo o
alguien, al cual o al que estas frases van subordinadas
mediante un pronombre relativo: que, quien, el cual, cuyo,
etc.
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¿Quién es María?
María es la chica que vino ayer
-
(Frase relativa)
“…que vino ayer” o “…la cual vino ayer”
algo de la chica para identificarla.Ya sabemos que María no es otra si no la chica que vino ayer.
tiene relación o dice
Relative clauses
María is the girl who came yesterday
or
María is the girl that came yesterday
This is the house which I bought last week
or
This is the house that I bought last week
Relative clauses
Two types of Relative clauses:
 Restrictive: closely connected with the antecedent
This is not something that would disturb me

Non-restrictive: Nouns which are already definite. They add
something to the noun by given more information about it.
They are not essential and can be omitted. The non-restrictive
relative clauses are always between commas
It’s all based on violence, which I hate
Frases Relativas
(explicación en español)
Dos tipos de frases relativas:
 Restrictive (frases especificativas en español): Aquellas frases
estrechamente conectadas con su antecedente.
Antecedente: nombre con el que la frase relativa está relacionado (puede ser
una persona o una cosa)
que vino ayer es María
que pintaste era la mía

Non-restrictive (frases explicativas en español): Son aquellas frases
que normalmente dicen algo de la persona o cosa con las que van
relacionadas pero no son importantes y por lo tanto se pueden omitir sin
que la frase principal pierda sentido. Usualmente van entre comas.
Juan, que usa muletas, se ha vuelto a caer
Restrictive clauses
Relative Pronouns
PERSONAL ANTECEDENT
According to the function in the sentences we have:
(según la función que desempeñen dentro de la frase)
subject : WHO
object : WHO/WHOM
genitive: WHOSE (personal/non-personal antecedent) (cuyo/a)
(they can be changed by THAT except WHOSE)
(se pueden cambiar por THAT excepto WHOSE)
SUBJECT
This is the man who came yesterday (formal)
that
(Informal)
OBJECT
This is the man whom you should know (formal)
who
(formal)
that
(Informal)
GENITIVE
This is the man whose wife works with you
Restrictive clauses
Relative Pronouns
NON-PERSONAL ANTECEDENT:
subject / object : WHICH
(it can be substituted by THAT)
genitive: WHOSE
SUBJECT
There's still one thing which is not explained
that
OBJECT
The house which you bought was my family’s
that
Contact Clauses (omisión del pronombre).
We leave out the relative pronoun (who/which/that) if it is
not the subject in the sentence (podemos omitir el pronombre cuando hace la función
de objeto)
This is the man whom you should know
who
that
_____(No pronoun)_____
(Informal)
This is the man you should know (informal)
The house which you bought was my family’s
that
____no pronoun____
The house you bought was my family’s
Restrictive clauses using preposition
Las preposiciones pueden ser usadas delante o detrás de
los pronombres relativos.
Si escribimos la preposición delante del relativo sólo
podemos usar WHOM.
Pero las preposiciones se pueden escribir detrás de su
verbo, entonces podemos usar otros pronombres
relativos.
to whom you spoke.
muy formal
This is the man whom you spoke to.
who you spoke to formal
that you spoke to informal
Restrictive clauses using preposition
Las preposiciones pueden ser usadas delante o detrás de
los pronombres relativos.
Si escribimos la preposición delante del relativo sólo
podemos usar WHICH (cuando el antecedente no es persona).
Pero las preposiciones se pueden escribir detrás de su
verbo. Es entonces cuando podemos usar otros
pronombres relativos.
for which I was looking.
muy formal
This is the house which I was looking for.
which I was looking for formal
that I was looking for informal
ACTIVITIES (Restrictive clauses)
Join the sentences by means of a relative pronoun
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(Write all the possible options)
This is the bank. It was robbed yesterday.
A boy was in the bank at that time. His sister is in my class
The man had two pistols. He robbed the bank
He wore a mask. It made him look like Mickey Mouse.
He came with a friend. He waited outside in the car.
The woman was young. She gave him the money
The bag was yellow. It contained the money
The people were very frightened. They were in the bank
A man did not know what to do. His mobile was ringing
A woman tried to calm her daughter. She was crying
The car was orange. The bank robbers escaped in that car
The robber big didn't drive. His mask was obviously too
The man was nervous. He drove the car
He didn't wait at the traffic lights. They were red.
A police officer stopped and arrested them. His car was parked at the next corner
Non- restrictive
Relative pronouns
Personal Antecedent
Tom, who I haven’t seen for ages, is coming next week
Subject: WHO
Object: WHOM / WHO
Genitive: WHOSE
(They cannot be substituted by “that”)
Non- restrictive
Relative pronouns
Non- Personal Antecedent
"It's all based on violence,which I hate"
Subject: WHICH
Object: WHICH
Genitive: WHOSE
(They cannot be substituted by “that”)
Activities (Non- restrictive clauses)
Combine the sentences using relative clauses. Note that all relative clauses are nondefining.
 Samuel Johnson was the son of a bookseller. Samuel Johnson was born in 1709.
Samuel Johnson
 In 1728, he went to Oxford. He studied at Pembroke College in Oxford.
In 1728, he went
 Johnson had to leave Oxford without a degree. He was too poor to pay the fees.
Johnson
 In 1737, Johnson moved to London. There he wrote poetry, essays and biographies.
In 1737, Johnson
 In 1746, Johnson started to write his dictionary. It took him nine years to complete.
In 1746, Johnson started
 His home at that time was in 17 Gough Square in London. It is a museum now.
17 Gough Square in London
 In this house, his wife died in 1752. Her name was Elizabeth Porter.
In this house his wife
 In 1755, the work was published. It was called A Dictionary of the English Language.
In 1755, the work
 Samuel Johnson died in 1784. He is buried in Westminster Abbey.
Samuel Johnson
Relative adverbs
WHEN = in/on which (time) (cuando)
WHERE = in which
(place) (donde)
WHY = for which (reasons) (por lo que/ por la razón que...)
WHAT = that which (lo que...)
The year in which he died = The year when he died
The day on which she arrived = The day when she arrived
The house in which he lived = The house where he lived has no running water.
"What I mean is this..."
Activities - Relative adverbs
Choose the correct relative adverb.

This is the station. Emily met James here

July and August are the months. Most people go on holiday these in these months

Do you know the reason? So many people in the world learn English for this reason

This is the church. Sue and Peter got married here

Edinburgh is the town. Alexander Graham Bell was born in this town

25 December is the day. Children in Great Britain get their Christmas presents on
this day.

A famine was the reason. So many Irish people emigrated to the USA in the 19th
century.

A greengrocer's is a shop.You can buy vegetables in this shop

The day was very nice. I arrived this day

A horror film was the reason. I couldn't sleep last night.
MORE ACTIVITIES (Restrictive or Nonrestrictive)
JOIN BY MEANS OF A RELATIVE PRONOUNS (Write all the options)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
This man is my uncle. He came yesterday.
That is the boy. His father made him study for two hours.
The book is very interesting. You bought it yesterday.
I want to know it. My friends told you.
She was dancing with a student. He had a slight limp.
I am looking after some children. They are very spoilt.
The bed has no mattress. I slept on this bed.
Romeo and Juliet were two lovers. Their parents hated each other.
There wasn't any directory in the telephone box. I was phoning from this box.
I was sitting on a chair. It suddenly collapsed.
This is the story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory.
I met Mary. She asked me to give you this.
I met Mary, .............................
Tom,....... was driving all day, was tired and wanted to stop.
I was waiting for a man. He didn't turn up.
The firm is sending me to New York. I work for this firm.