Transcript ppsx
語氣詞
Final-modal
particles
褚 靚
A03142104
Key
dealing
corpu
s
annota
te
analyz
e
Corpus/
Lexicon
Build personal
Corpus
Lexicon
Corpus
臺灣政治大學漢語口語語料庫
NCCU Corpus of Spoken Chinese
PTT ?
聯合語料庫-聯合報 ?
中國傳媒大學媒體語言語料庫
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
呢
嗎
啊
吧
呀
啦
嘛
喔
文學
哦
生活
哪
社會
耶
科學
喲
哩
哲學
麼
藝術
哇
唷
嘍
咧
咯
呦
唄
Lexicon
Lexicon台
Lexicon陸
各自框架-lexicon
共同高頻-corpus
Query
總計
文學
19247
%
呢
7801
嗎
4771
啊
生活
社會
科學
哲學
藝術
2525
%
5461
%
7466
%
1482
%
1378
%
935
%
0.405
970
0.384
344
0.063
5846
0.783
171
0.115
391
0.284
79
0.084
0.248
1064
0.421
295
0.054
2890
0.387
114
0.077
367
0.266
41
0.044
4383
0.228
751
0.297
96
0.018
3380
0.453
18
0.012
130
0.094
8
0.009
吧
3581
0.186
1052
0.417
204
0.037
2098
0.281
50
0.034
131
0.095
46
0.049
呀
2287
0.119
378
0.150
31
0.006
1829
0.245
2
0.001
41
0.030
6
0.006
啦
1703
0.088
224
0.089
85
0.016
1344
0.180
12
0.008
34
0.025
4
0.004
嘛
1142
0.059
119
0.047
26
0.005
966
0.129
3
0.002
26
0.019
2
0.002
喔
727
0.038
123
0.049
57
0.010
511
0.068
11
0.007
24
0.017
1
0.001
哦
462
0.024
52
0.021
32
0.006
353
0.047
3
0.002
19
0.014
3
0.003
哪
402
0.021
53
0.021
4
0.001
341
0.046
0
0.000
4
0.003
0
0.000
耶
298
0.015
38
0.015
11
0.002
234
0.031
1
0.001
12
0.009
2
0.002
喲
175
0.009
105
0.042
2
0.000
66
0.009
0
0.000
2
0.001
0
0.000
哩
166
0.009
44
0.017
10
0.002
104
0.014
1
0.001
6
0.004
1
0.001
麼
153
0.008
61
0.024
1
0.000
82
0.011
0
0.000
6
0.004
3
0.003
哇
143
0.007
8
0.003
134
0.025
0
0.000
0
0.000
1
0.001
0
0.000
唷
92
0.005
21
0.008
10
0.002
54
0.007
4
0.003
3
0.002
0
0.000
嘍
48
0.002
8
0.003
3
0.001
35
0.005
0
0.000
1
0.001
1
0.001
咧
37
0.002
17
0.007
2
0.000
16
0.002
0
0.000
2
0.001
0
0.000
咯
13
0.001
10
0.004
0
0.000
3
0.000
0
0.000
0
0.000
0
0.000
呦
8
0.000
7
0.003
0
0.000
1
0.000
0
0.000
0
0.000
0
0.000
唄
4
0.000
2
0.001
0
0.000
2
0.000
0
0.000
0
0.000
0
0.000
嘞
none
噠
none
嗒
none
唻
none
噢
none
嗷
none
呐
none
囖
none
嚜
none
嘿
none
吼
none
咩
none
捏
none
lemma
那
嗯
恩
欸
啵
嚕
喔
嗎
嘛
吧
呢
嘶
嘿
呵
嗨
呀
Emotion_ Category
1
1
1
1
Polarity
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
阿嘶
呼
囉
唄
哇嗚
齁
呴
呦
唷
?
噗
唉
哎
嗚
唉呦
呃
呣
咿
哼
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
5
2
2
2
2
3
4
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
噯
嘖
咳
哇哩勒
喂
吼
呿
啐
嗤
啊
阿
哦
咦
蛤
唔
嗄
哇勒
天啊
噫
噢
啥
啦
哩
嘍
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
1
1
1
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Annotate
台生
台語料
陸生
陸語料
WHO/HOW
Annotate
Sentence
Polarity Confirmative
degree
S1:————□1
N
S2:————□1
N
S3:————□1
N
S4:————□1
Y
S5:————□1
Y
S6:————□1
N
S7:————□1
N
Chunk
based
HOW?
End/
Beginning
Gender
tendency
Counting
Predictive
polarity
Valence
Calculate the average emotion polarity valence of each
keyword
pos=1, neg=-1,neu=0
X+Y+Z=N (A constant value=all people)
X = The number of people prefer this sentence positive
polarity
Y = The number of people prefer this sentence negative
polarity
Z = The number of people prefer this sentence neutral
polarity
X+Y+Z= Total number of the people participating in
annotation work
Average the
different ideas
Predictive_ Polarity S1 = X*1+y*(-1)
N
Counting
Predictive
polarity
Valence
Calculate the average emotion polarity valence of each
keyword
pos=1, neg=-1,neu=0
S1+S2+……+Sn-1+Sn=M (A constant value=all
sentences)
Polarity_S1 (P1)= -0.3
Polarity_S2 (P2)= -0.6
…………………………………………
Polarity_Sn (Pn)= 0.2
S1+S2+……+Sn-1+Sn= Total number of the sentences being
annotated
Average whole
sentences
Predictive_ Polarity Valence = P1+S2+……+Pn
M
Analyze
An example
An example in comparison between”嗎”and”嘛”
Syntax: Attached to the end of a topic/clause/sentence.
附于句中分句或全句末尾
Syntax
Marker of the
sentence
Marker of the clause
分句的標記
句子的標記
(疑問句)
Marker of the
sentence
Marker of the clause
分句的標記
句子的標記
(反問句)
Marker of the
sentence
句子的標記
(祈使句)
Semantics
是非問
Normal
Semantics interrogative. Interrogative tone.
Reconfirm the
Ask for
reference.
knowing more.
常態疑问句,有
疑而問
反問/申辯
停頓
回聲問
Pause.
Start/Remind a
topic.
停頓/开启新话题
Strong
questioning.
Ask while
knowing the
answer.
情感、立場分明
的無疑反問
祈使
Reason
oriented/
emphasized
Assert oneself,
Conclusion express one's hope,
persuasion or
oriented/
dissuasion, etc..
emphasized
理由顯而易見
結論確定無疑
附於祈使句末尾,表
示期望、勸阻等,申
明自己觀點
Pragmatics
Pragmatics
Interrogative tone
Evidental tone
嗎
+
+
—
+
—
—
—
嘛
—
—
+
+
+
+
+
Examples
小王嗎,他不去。
他是碩士生嗎? (Are you asking about
Mr. Wang?)
小王嘛,他不去。
(As for Mr.Wang...)
你覺得這樣就大 我看過了嘛,當 這一點很清楚
功告成了嗎/嘛? 然知道劇情。
嘛!
再吃點嘛!
Ideas welcomed!
Thanks
for
listening
2015.5.21