Transcript King Air Ground School

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King AirClick
Ground
School
26 - Fire Protection
Overview
• Engine Fire Detection, IR Detection System
– Not on E90
• Engine Fire Extinguishing – Halon based fire extinguishing
– Not on U21 or E90
• Portable Extinguisher – at least one halon in the cockpit
• Overheat protection for Bleed air
• Emergency Portable Breathing Devices
Engine Fire Detection: Components
Sensors / Detectors
• Infrared photocells
Sensors / Detectors
• 3 Sensors in each engine compartment
• Each sensor looking at a different zone in the engine compartment
– 1-forward of intake
– 2-upper accessory case
– 3-lower accessory case
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Amplifier-Controller
• Amplifier-Controller translates sensor detection to cockpit
annunciations
• Amplifier-Controller allows for testing the system
Illustration shows the relationship between sensor/detector and amplifier-controller
No fire detected
L Engine Fire Detected
Annunciators
• U21A “LH/RH FIRE WARNING” and “FAULT WARN”
• U21H “FIRE L/R ENG” and “MASTER WARNING”
U21A
U21H
Annunciators
• C12 T-handle – “#1/2 FIRE PULL” and “MASTER WARNING”
• 200 “FIRE L/R ENG” and “L/R ENG FIRE-PUSH TO EXT” and “MASTER
WARNING”
C12
200
Test Switch
•
•
•
•
U21 – 8 position switch “Test Switch Fire Detection”
C12 – 6 position switch “Fire Protection Test”
200 – 7 position switch “Test Switch Fire Det & Fire Ext”
Only turn counter clockwise unless the test fails
U21
C12
200
Electrical
• Circuit Breaker in Cockpit – with CB pulled, detection won’t work
• Dual-fed bus – power must be on the aircraft in order to detect
U21
200
C12
Engine Fire Detection: Operation
Test
• The three DET/DETR positions of the test switch
– Position 1 tests the fwd intake sensor of both engines
– Position 2 tests upper accessary case sensor of both engines
– Position 3 tests lower accessory case sensor of both engines
Position 1
Position 2
Position 3
Test
• Sensors are tested by increasing the output voltage of each sensor
Test
• U21A and U21H
– Both “LH/RH FIRE WARNING” / “FIRE L/R ENG” annunciators illuminate
– “FAULT WARN” / “MASTER WARNING” is triggered
– Audible warning horn
U21A
U21H
Test
• C12
– Both T-handle “#1/2 FIRE PULL” annunciators illuminate
– “MASTER WARNING” is triggered
C12
Test
• 200
– Both “FIRE L/R ENG” annunciators illuminate
– “MASTER WARNING” is triggered
– “L/R ENG FIRE PUSH TO EXT” light on both sides
200
Fire Indication
• An actual fire has the same indications but will only be on the side of the fire
U21A
U21H
C12
200
Referenced Procedures
• Engine Fire/Failure/Severe Damage
• Evacuation/Engine Fire on the Ground
U21
C12
Engine Fire Detection: Abnormalities
Halon
Toxicity
• Not highly toxic but does cause issues in high concentrations (>10%)
• Typical side effects include giddiness and tingling of extremities
• Same chemical family as Freon
No
extinguishing
area
Aviation Uses
• 1301 used commonly for engine extinguishing
• 1211 or blend commonly used for portable fire extinguishers
Engine Extinguishing
Portable
Extinguishes Fire By:
• Chemically combining with atoms which are propagating the fire,
preventing combustion reaction (primary)
• Displaces oxygen (secondary)
• Cools the fire (secondary)
Engine Fire Extinguishing: Components
Fire Extinguishing Bottle
• One bottle per engine
• Discharges through plumbing to nozzles into fire zones
Fire Extinguishing Bottle
• Pressure provides the motive flow for the halon
• Fully discharges in .08 seconds
Zone 2&3 nozzles
Zone 1 nozzles
Pressure Gauges
• Pressure indicates quantity of halon available
• Gauge visible from the wheel well
• Ambient temperature determines the pressure limits
Aft
Looking up, LH Main
Squibs
• Pyrotechnic squib cartridge holds plug in place
• “firing” the squib releases the plug
• Halon flows to the discharge nozzles
Annunciations
• C12
Red “PUSH TO EXTINGUISH” indicates squib is armed
Indicates squib has discharged
Annunciations
• 200
Indicates a fire is detected
Indicates squib has discharged
Actuation
•
•
•
•
C12
Pull appropriate T-Handle
Lift clear cover
Push the annunciator to discharge the bottle
Only fires the bottle that has been
armed by the T-Handle
Actuation
• 200
• Lift clear cover
• Push the appropriate annunciator to discharge the bottle
One switch per side
Test Switch
• Two remaining positions of the rotary test switch
C12
200
Electrical
• Hot battery bus – bottles can be discharged with the batt master off
Engine Fire Extinguishing: Operation
Test
• EXTGH portion of rotary switch
• Tests the circuitry to the squib and discharge light
– C12 “#1/2 EXTGH DISCH” and “SQUIB OK”
C12 #1 & 2
Test
• EXTGH portion of rotary switch
• Tests the circuitry to the squib and discharge light
– 200 “D” and “OK”
200
Push to Extinguish
•
•
•
•
Pull T-Handle
Lift clear cover
Press the “PUSH TO EXTINGUISH” button
Look for “#1/2 EXTGH DISCH” annunciator
C12 LH extinguish
Push to Extinguish
• Lift clear cover
• Press the “L/R ENG FIRE PUSH TO EXT” button
• Look for “D” annunciator
200 LH extinguish
Bleed Air Overheat Protection: Components
Bleed Air Supply Line
• Hot bleed air from engine is delivered to cabin
• P3 air leaves the engine at 640⁰F
• A broken line threatens smoke and fire
Heat Sense Line
• Pressurized, plastic line runs along side bleed air lines
• 18psi originates at pneumatic controller
• At 204⁰F the plastic line melts
Pressure Switch (C12/200)
• One for the LH and RH sense lines
• Below 18psi, this switch closes to warn the pilot
Pressure switch located under
co-pilot seat
Pressure Switch (U21)
• There are two pressure switches one for each side located just
before the check valves.
Annunciator Light (C12/200)
• “L/R BL AIR FAIL” and “MASTER WARNING”
• The pressure switches illuminate these annunciators respectively
C12
200
Annunciator Light (U21)
• “LH/ RH BLD AIR FAIL” and “MASTER WARNING”
U21 A
U21 H
Bleed Air Overheat Protection: Operation
Bleed Air Line Rupture C12/200
•
•
•
•
•
The hot air melts the sense line (and anything else around it)
The low volume pressure in the sense line escapes
Pressure switch closes at18psi
“L/R BL AIR FAIL” annunciator Illumes with “MASTER WARNING”
A loss of pressure in the sense line indicates a serious threat
C12
200
Bleed Air Line Rupture U21
• If a break in the bleed air line should occur the air pressure in the line
would drop causing the pressure switch to open and the “LH or RH BLD
AIR FAIL” to illume.
Referenced Procedures
U21
C12
Duct Overtemp Protection: Components
Temperature Switch
• Senses air temperature
U21
Between FO rudder peddles
C12/200
RH Mid cabin
Annunciator
• “DUCT OVERTEMP”
U21A
U21H
C12
200
Duct Overtemp Protection: Operation
Air Temp in Duct Rises
• Air in the ducting becomes too hot (potential for smoke)
• Temperature switch closes circuit (225°F -300°F)
• “DUCT OVERTEMP” annunciator illumes
U21A
U21H
C12
200
Referenced Procedures
U21
C12
Portable Fire Extinguishers
• Halon 1211-1301 blend (2:1)
• Located under pilot seat and an optional second one could be mounted in the
cabin
Portable Breathing Devices
PBE Part 25
• Part 25 required
• Fixed (stationary, or built in) protective breathing equipment must be installed
for the use of the flightcrew, and at least one portable protective breathing
equipment shall be located at or near the flight deck for use by a flight
crewmember. In addition, portable protective breathing equipment must be
installed for the use of appropriate crewmembers for fighting fires in
compartments accessible in flight other than the flight deck.
EPOS Components
• EPOS - Model MR-10096AF
EPOS Operation
1. OPEN CLOSURE FLAP OF STOWAGE POUCH.
2. GRASP STOWAGE POUCH W/ ONE HAND AND WITH OTHER
HAND PULL RED TAPE STRIP OF BARRIER POUCH.
3. REMOVE THE EPOS UNIT FROM BOTH POUCHES.
4. PULL THE RED BALL WITH ONE HAND WHILE HOLDING
THE OXYGEN CYLINDER WITH THE OTHER HAND.
EPOS Operation
5. SPREAD NECK SEAL OPEN WITH HANDS. PALMS ARE
TO BE FACING EACH OTHER.
6. PULL THE EPOS OVER THE HEAD.
7. REMOVE HOOD AFTER YOU ARE CLEAR OF HAZARD
PBE Training Video