Transcript Photography-cameraparts

Photography
•Parts of a digital camera
•Camera controls and menu options
•Flash and lenses
•How a digital camera works
•Photo-styles
Parts of a Digital Camera
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Shutter Control: The shutter button on a digital camera is in reality
a switch that sets a whole series of complicated electronic
operations in gear.
Windows: You view the subject through the view finder window
while other windows are used for auto-focusing functions.
Flash: A built-in flash is handy for working informally in low light
conditions.
Zoom Lens: Many digital cameras offer a zoom lens so you can
easily change the field of view. But extreme wide-angle effects are
harder to obtain.
LCD Screen: The LCD enables the camera to display images
within seconds, as well as providing information on the camera
settings used.
Setting Buttons: Combinations of buttons and LCD information
enable a large range of settings to be made, adding to the camera’s
versatility.
Zoom Control: Buttons used to control the zoom lens.
Camera Controls
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Control: A switch or button that sets different modes of
operation, such as the image-quality settings.
Setting Buttons (flash, frames, timer, focus, menu):
Combinations of buttons and LCD information enable a large
range of settings to be made, adding to the camera’s
versatility.
Zoom Control: Controls the field of view.
On/Off Switch: Turns camera on or off.
DISP. Button: Controls whether you want the current photo
information displayed on the screen or not.
Menu Options
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Full-Auto Mode: Camera automatically sets all settings.
Portrait Mode: Camera sets a wide aperture that makes the
subject stand out against a softly blurred background.
Landscape Mode: Camera sets a narrow aperture so the
background and foreground elements are sharp.
Close-Up Mode: Camera allows a close focusing distance.
Sports Mode: Sets a fast shutter speed.
Night Portrait Mode: Combines flash with a slow synch
speed to correctly expose both the person and the
background.
Flash Off Mode: Camera does not use flash or an external
flash.
Lenses
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Zoom Lenses:
Allow focal length and field of view to be adjusted without affecting focus.
Provide choice of subject framing and magnification from the same shooting position that
cannot be achieved with a normal lens.
Lenses covering a great range: wide angle to telephoto offer versatility being able to wide
shoots and close ups. But quality comes with a price. And the lenses often have low
apertures making them suitable mainly for outdoor use. The lenses are often large and heavy
and require a tripod to get the best photo quality.
Specialist Lenses:
Shift/tilt lenses have a mechanism to move the lenses (rotate adjust angle) which can
increase/decrease foreground focus without moving your position.
Macro lenses offer the highest image quality. Often used for close up shoots when trying to
capture very fine details.
Super telephoto lenses are great for sport and wildlife photography but come at a very high
cost and tripods are required to get sharp images.
Catadioptric lenses use mirrors and lenses in
constructions making them more compact in
relation to their focal length but usually come
with a fixe aperture.
Extreme Lenses: ultra wide-angle and wideranging zooms offer the extreme limits of
shooting styles but are limiting in what must
be done to achieve good quality shoots.
Flashes
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Built-In Flash: Convenient easy to use however have weak outputs and
prone to create red eye effects
On-Camera Flash: Delivers good amount of light and fast recharge time
but can be expensive and may unbalance camera.
Handle-Bar Flash: Very powerful, rapid recharge and versatile can be
bulky and expensive.
Ring Flash: Great for close-ups giving shadow less or modeled lighting
and are fully automatic, due to specialized nature can be very expensive
to buy.
How your Digital SLR works
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Digital camera have a similar construction to a film camera, but with the space occupied by the
film and its transport mechanism its taken up by electronic components for processing
electronic image data -Instead of film, in a digital camera there is a static photo-sensor. Photosensors convert the image captured into an electronic signal.
The Photo Sensor Technology
• microprocessors and memory chips are sensitive to light and are used within all digital
cameras -Sensors array is the technology used in order to capture the picture
• CCD sensor array is many sensors that read the image one by one, and the charge is sent
down row by row - by each individual sensor
• CMOS make up for CCD with versatility, simpler to make and sending a clear signal. -CMOS
sensor array, work at a single, low voltage, sending the image with X-Y addressability -X-Y
addressability has its own transistor and circuitry, so each sensor can be read individually
• CMOS is charges are processed across and down the charge
Triple-Well Sensors
• A triple well CCD sensor measure color (of light) in a sophisticated design that depends on
how deeply each color penetrates the sensor. -With Triple-Well sensors there is no need to
seperate color filter array and the sensor (in theory) is able to pick up more information -Each
senor picks up blue, green, and red light
Photography Styles
Amateur
An amateur photographer is one who
practices photography as a hobby and not
for profit. The quality of some amateur work
is comparable or superior to that of many
professionals and may be highly specialized
or eclectic in its choice of subjects. Amateur
photography is often pre-eminent in
photographic subjects which have little
prospect of commercial use or reward.
Commercial
Commercial photography is probably best defined as any photography for which the
photographer is paid for images rather than works of art.
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Advertising photography: photographs made to illustrate and usually sell a service or
product. These images, such as packshots, are generally done with an advertising agency,
design firm or with an in-house corporate design team.
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Fashion and glamour photography: This type of photography usually incorporates models.
Fashion photography emphasizes the clothes or product, glamour emphasizes the model.
Glamour photography is popular in advertising and in men's magazines. Models in glamour
photography may be nude, but this is not always the case.
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Crime Scene Photography: This type of photography consists of photographing scenes of
crime such as robberies and murders. A black and white camera or an infrared camera may be
used to capture specific details.
• Still life photography usually depicts inanimate subject matter,
typically commonplace objects which may be either natural or manmade.
• Food photography can be used for editorial, packaging or
advertising use. Food photography is similar to still life
photography, but requires some special skills.
• Editorial photography: photographs made to illustrate a story or
idea within the context of a magazine. These are usually assigned
by the magazine.
• Photojournalism: this can be considered a subset of editorial
photography. Photographs made in this context are accepted as a
documentation of a news story.
• Portrait and wedding photography: photographs made and sold
directly to the end user of the images.
• Landscape photography: photographs of different locations.
• Wildlife photography that demonstrates life of the animals.
• Photo sharing: publishing or transfer of a user's digital photos
online.
• Paparazzi