Erfolg mit OCHSNER Wärmepumpen

Download Report

Transcript Erfolg mit OCHSNER Wärmepumpen

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

OCHSNER

Borehole heat exchangers with CO

Dr. Gerald Lutz

The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Classification of renewable energy sources

Quelle:

EHPA (European Heat Pump Association) classification of ambient heat The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground



Heating of air by leading it through a gravel zone

 Groundwater as a heat source Direct expansion/flat collectors  Glykol- and water- heat pipes  Heat pipes without circulation pumps

Quelle:

Ehrbar, M. ;Peterlunger, A.: Pumpenlose Erdwärmesonde: Schlussbericht Potenzialabschätzung, Machbarkeitsstudie energetisch und wirtschaftlich, Interstaatliche Hochschule für Technik Buchs, (o.J.) Buchs, S.8f.

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2



Heating of air by leading it through a gravel zone

Quelle:

The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground

 Heating of air by leading it through a gravel zone 

Groundwater as a heat source

Direct expansion/flat collectors  Glykol- and water- heat pipes  Heat pipes without circulation pumps

Quelle:

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2



Groundwater as a heat source

• highest COP. •A constant temperature from + 8 °C to + 12 °C The groundwater is pumped from the delivery well to the heat pump and from there 15 meters to the sink well.

Quelle: Ochsner

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground

 Heating of air by leading it through a gravel zone  Groundwater as a heat source

Direct expansion/flat collectors

 Glykol- and water- heat pipes  Heat pipes without circulation pumps

Quelle:

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2



Direct expansion/flat collectors

•refrigerant cycle of the heat pump is used directly •no heat exchangers from brine to R 407C needed •Also no brine cirulating pump is needed With the

brine system

the brine circulates • in horizontal collector tubes, or • in trenches

Quelle: Ochsner

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground

 Heating of air by leading it through a gravel zone  Groundwater as a heat source Direct expansion/flat collectors 

Glykol- and water- heat pipes

 Heat pipes without circulation pumps

Quelle:

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2



Glykol- and water- heat pipes

The brine circulates in earth taps around 100 m deep © Dr. Gerald Lutz The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

Quelle: Ochsner

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground

 Heating of air by leading it through a gravel zone  Groundwater as a heat source Direct expansion/flat collectors  Glykol- and water- heat pipes 

Heat pipes without circulation pumps using CO 2

Quelle:

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Benefit of using CO

-tubes

Benefit of CO 2 as a heat transfer medium

 CO

is non-toxic  not flammable  Greenhouse relevance is neclectable (compared to other refrigerants !) (GWP=1)  Ozon deplating potential (ODP=0)  not water endangering  cheap  no special regulations for its disposal © Dr. Gerald Lutz The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Benefit of using CO

-tubes

Disadvantages of conventional working fluids (Prophylen,- oder Ethylenglykol

)  Very exact definition of the glykol concentration  missing addition of inhibitors is resulting in corrosions © Dr. Gerald Lutz The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Thermodynamic characteristics of CO

- subcritical and transcritical cyclic process

 high volumetric cooling capacity (6 – 8 times higher as f.e. R407C, R717) small volumetric flow rates smaller pressure losses smaller tube profiles  low critical temperature 31,1 °C, and a high critical pressure 73,8 bar.  Difficult to use within the refrigerant cycle because of flow temp. of >35 ˚C.  Changing of steam pressure with 1 bar/K.

 Pressure of more than 100 bar with flow temp. of >30˚C © Dr. Gerald Lutz The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Transcritical CO

-process (Lorentzen Prozess)

Rieberer, R; Halozan,H.: CO 2 als Kältemittel

, Institut für Wärmetechnik TU-Graz (2004) The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Comparison of CO

with other refrigerants

 Potential to ozon layer destruction and greenhouse effect  Critical temperature and critical pressure

Refrigerant

R744 (CO 2 ) R134a R407C R410a

ODP GWP

0 0 0 0 1 1300 1525 1725

Critical temperature [ ° C]

31,1 101 86,7 72,1

critical pressure [bar]

73,8 40,7 46 49,2

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Functionality of CO

- tube

Principle of a heat pipe:  heat pipe transports warmth between heat source and a heat consumer  heat transfer medium is CO 2 )  The heat transfer medium takes up heat energy – ascends as steam inside the pipe (Thermosyphonprinzip)  delivers the energy in the heat exchanger  condensation of CO 2  CO2 descends

Prinzip des Wärmerohres (Vgl.Ochsner)

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

CO

-tube coupled with as direct expansion heat pump

 Refrigerant circulates in the cooling head and evaporates there  highest performance  largest working reliability © Dr. Gerald Lutz Kältekreis einer Direkterwärmungs- Wärmepumpe gekoppelt mit einer CO2-Sonde. Ochsner Wärmepumpen GmbH The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Single tube system/ double tube system

Danger of interruption liquid  und CO 2 -steam  If diameter is to large Separation of liquid and gas phase © Dr. Gerald Lutz

Einrohrsonde/Zweirohrsonde. Vgl. Ehrbar, M.)

The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

CO

-tube high-grade steel pipe: Maximum capacity and length – dependency on tube dimension

5,0 4,5 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,5 8 Rohre 4 Rohre 2 Rohre 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 1 Rohr 0,0 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28

Rohrinnendurchmesser [mm]

30 32 34 36 38 40 0 40 30 20 10 100 90 80 70 60 50 © Dr. Gerald Lutz

FKW Hannover Prof.H. Kruse

The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Installation-example: object data

Objektdaten

Heated area Construction method Heat demand Number of persons

Quelle:

Objektdaten und Anlagenart des Installations-Beispiels The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

heating system

Heat pump Heating capacity(E0/W35) Heat source Heating mode Distribution system Flow temperature

hydr. decoupling

Hot water supply

Heating system

OCHSNER Golf GMDW 7 6,4 kW Ground source direct expansion, 1 CO 2 -tube monovalent Floor – and wall heating system max. 35 ° 300 Liter buffer vessel OCHSNER Europa 303 © Dr. Gerald Lutz

Quelle:

Objektdaten und Anlagenart des Installations-Beispiels The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Drilling

Quelle:

Errichtung einer Bohrung für die Einbringung einer CO 2 -Wellrohrsonde (Ochsner GmbH) The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Tube

 100 m  ambient heat 15 C  developing pressure 50 bar  pressure resistant, flexible high-grade steel pipe  CO

Quelle:

CO 2 -high-grade steel pipe (Ochsner GmbH) The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

CO

-tube – installation tunnel

Quelle:

Ochsner The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Bringing in of the tube

Quelle:

Einbringung der CO 2 -Wellrohrsonde (Ochsner GmbH) The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Connection of the CO

-tube

Distance CO

-tube – heat pump not more than 25 meters.

Quelle:

CO 2 Erdwärmesonde (Ochsner GmbH) The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Seasonal Performance Figure

Performance Figures

2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 5 4,5 4 3,5 4,8 4,1 3,9 3,9 4 3,9 4,1 4,1 0 Oct. 06 Nov. 06 Dec. 06 Jan. 07 Feb. 07 Mar. 07 Apr. 07 SPF

Quelle:

Monthly performance figure and seasonal performance for heating season 2006/2007 (Ochsner GmbH) © Dr. Gerald Lutz The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2

Advantages of the CO

-tube

 Advantages of CO

-as a heat transfer medium  no circulating pumps: higher SPF than conventional earth tubes (conventional pumps have a running capacity of 200 W with  SFH ~ 360 kWh 15-20% higher JAZ)  environmental friendlyness: lower CO 2 -emissions because of higher working reliability by closed cycle without mobile parts  lower investment costs © Dr. Gerald Lutz The Geothermal Heat Pumps market in Central & Eastern Europe Bratislava, 12. Nov. 2007

OCHSNER Borehole heat exchangers with CO 2 Thank you for your interest!

Erfolg mit OCHSNER Wärmepumpen

Transcript Erfolg mit OCHSNER Wärmepumpen

OCHSNER

Borehole heat exchangers with CO

Dr. Gerald Lutz

Contents:

Classification of renewable energy sources

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground

Heating of air by leading it through a gravel zone

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground

Groundwater as a heat source

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground

Direct expansion/flat collectors

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground

Glykol- and water- heat pipes

Different variants for the energetic use of ambient heat from the ground

Benefit of using CO

-tubes

Benefit of using CO

-tubes

Thermodynamic characteristics of CO

- subcritical and transcritical cyclic process

Transcritical CO

-process (Lorentzen Prozess)

Comparison of CO

with other refrigerants

Functionality of CO

- tube

CO

-tube coupled with as direct expansion heat pump

Single tube system/ double tube system

CO

-tube high-grade steel pipe: Maximum capacity and length – dependency on tube dimension

Installation-example: object data

heating system

Drilling

Tube

CO

-tube – installation tunnel

Bringing in of the tube

Connection of the CO

-tube

Seasonal Performance Figure

Advantages of the CO

-tube

Directory