Transcript GEO INT SEMINAR - GeoIntelligence India

Geospatial – Force Multiplier for Modern Warfare
A soldier’s perspective
SENSOR
COMD & CONT
SHOOTER
LT GEN ANIL CHAIT, PVSM, AVSM, VSM, ADC
PREVIEW
MODERN WARFARE – CONTOURS AND
MANIFESTATION
CHALLENGES AND RESPONSE MECHANISM
SHIFTING PARADIGMS – GEOSPATIAL IS THE
ANSWER
A LOOK INTO THE FUTURE
CONTRASTING CONVENTIONAL AND
IRREGULAR WARFARE
HYBRID WAR
CONVENTIONAL
+
IRREGULAR
+
TERRORISTS
+
CRIMINALS
•TRANS AND INTRA STATE
WARFARE COEXIST
•DIVIDING THEM INTO NEAT
DISTINCTION WILL GIVE US
DEDUCTIVE AND INDUCTIVE
ERRORS IN UNDERSTANDING
HYBRID WARFARE CONSTRUCT
Conventional
Irregular
Terrorism
Criminality
INTERCONNECTED, UNPREDICTABLE, COMBINED WITH TRADITIONAL,
MIXED WITH IRREGULAR, APPLIED SIMULTANEOUSLY & ADAPTIVELY, IN
TIME AND SPACE
TWENTY FIRST CENTURY LANDSCAPE
IMPACT ON USE OF FORCE & CHANGING CHARACTER OF
WARFARE
-
-
LANDSCAPE
LIMITED WAR.
WAR BY OTHER MEANS.
SHORT NOTICE, DURATION ,
HIGH TEMPO & INTENSITY .
NCW, INCREASED BATTLEFIELD
TRANSPARENCY (BFT).
NON-LINEAR CONDUCT OF
OPERATIONS.
INCREASED DEGRADATION OF
THE ENEMY.
INFORMATION WARFARE (IW)
TECHNOLOGY & ASYMMETRIC
WARFARE CAPABILITY.
OPERATIONS UNDER GLARE
OF MEDIA.
FORCE OPTION PROVING LESS
COST EFFECTIVE.
CHANGE
-
SHIFT
• FROM DEFENCE TO
SECURITY -FOR OPERATION
FRONTIER TO REAR
IN HYBRID ENVIRONMENT
AREA TO PEOPLE
• FULL SPECTRUM
NOTION OF VICTORY
OPERATIONS
DURING PEACE &
• OPERATE IN INFORMATION
DOMINATED WORLD
HOSTILITY
• EMPHASIS ON COGNITIVE
TOTAL TO LIMITED WAR
DOMAIN
CHANGE IN CONCEPT,
• WARRIOR TO SCHOLAR
PARADIGM AND
WARRIOR
COMPLEXITY OF DEF AND • FROM ACTION MEN TO AN
NATIONAL, REGIONAL &
ADAPTIVE, REFLECTIVE,
PROFESSIONAL
GLOBAL SECURITY
CHALLENGES
THREAT
• Stand alone/ combination of
state and non – state actors/
cells (loose/structured)
• Exploitation of cognitive and
moral domains
• Calibrated mix of activities in
stretched operational battle
space ( both real and virtual)
CHALLENGES
THREAT
SPECTRUM
&
Networks
• Stand alone/ combination of state and non –
state actors/ cells (loose/structured)
• Exploitation of cognitive and moral domains
• Calibrated mix of activities in stretched
operational battle space ( both real and
virtual)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Continuation by other means
Conventional and /or unconventional
Regular and /or irregular
All five dimensions of the spectrum
Generations of warfare
Transcends geographic borders and
organizational boundaries
• Global networks capable of exploitation
CHALLENGES
THREAT
• Stand alone/ combination of state and non – state
actors/ cello (loose/structured)
• Exploitation of cognitive and moral domains.
• Calibrated mix of activities in stretched and virtual
operational battle space
( both real and virtual)
Continuation by other means
• Conventional and /or unconventional
• Regular and /or irregular
• All five dimensions of the spectrum
• Generations of warfare
• Transcends geographic borders and organizational boundaries
• Global networks capable of exploitation
•
SPECTRUM &
NETWORKS
DIGITAL
BATTLE FIELDS
• Ability to cope
• Generation of hardware
• Different formats- languages- op procedures.
• Porting of data in 3d & 4d (time) - speed, bandwidth, integration &
interoperability.
• Integration of wide area motion imagery (WAMI) with full motion
video(FMV)
• Individual inhibition to share /stovepipe security apparatus
• Cyber threats challenges
CHALLENGES
THREAT
• Stand alone/ combination of state and non – state actors,
albeit structured.
• Exploitation of cognitive and moral domains.
• Calibrated mix of activities in operational battle space.
• Continuation by other means
SPECTRUM &
NETWORKS
• Conventional and /or unconventional
• Regular and /or irregular
• All five dimensions of the spectrum
• Generations of warfare
• Transcends geographic borders and organizational boundaries
• Global networks capable of exploitation
DIGITAL BATTLE
FIELDS
•Ability to cope
•Generation of hardware
•Different formats- languages- op procedures.
•Porting of data in 3d & 4d (time) - speed, bandwidth, integration & interoperability.
•Integration of wide area motion imagery (WAMI) with full motion video(FMV)
•indl inhibition to share /stovepipe security apparatus
•Cyber threats challenges
ENVIRONMENT
• Leadership to establish/oversee framework
• Global commerce and commons impacted
• Time critical & environment susceptible to open flow of information
• Matching pace of technology with legal & regulatory structures
• Multi disciplinary force & commensurate skills shift from ownership to
stewardship
• Public gaze driven by all pervasive global media resulting in ethical and
moral policing
RESPONSE MECHANISM AND CHALLENGES
STATE
FORCES
• No single approach to defense & security planning
( inspite of shift from state to individual security)
• Modification & expansion of conventional mind set
( shift from force on force – use of smart power )
• Lacking of ” Whole of Govt” approach required –
fusion & generation of national power for expected
response
• More adaptive & responsive to conflicts – form,
location, commitment & nature
• Capability to address hybrid threat while maintaining
conventional edge
• Investment into intelligence, surveillance & recce
assets particularly human
“ ( I ) spent half my military career in wondering what
was on the other side of the hill ”
- Duke of Wellington
Ref: Intelligence Warfare, New York: Crescent Books 1987, Pg No 154 - 156
ENABLERS OF OPTIMISATION : STRATEGIC SPHERE
COG
COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL POWER
PHY
APPLICATIONS
SERVICES
SOFT INFRASTRUCTURE
HARDWARE
GEOSPATIAL
INFO
ENABLERS OF OPTIMISATION : GEOSPATIAL TECH
COG
COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL POWER
PHY
APPLICATIONS
SERVICES
SOFT INFRASTRUCTURE
HARDWARE
GEOSPATIAL
INFO
GEOSPATIAL FOR NATIONAL POWER
GEOSPATIAL
FRAMEWORK
HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT
DISTANCE EDU
MEDICINE
SOCIETY
DEVELOPMENT
INTELLIGENT
ENGG
BUSINESS
&
COMMERCE
21ST
CENTURY
BIO
INFORMATION
POVERTY
REDUCTION
SPACE
GIS &
AGRICULTURE
RELEVANCE OF GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY
(STRATEGIC CUM OPERATIONAL LEVEL)
COMMUNICATION
FRICTION
OF WAR
PERCEPTION
MURPHY’S LAW
“if it can FOG
go wrong,
OF it will..”
WAR
CENTRALISED COMD BUT DECENTRALISED CONTROL
PREVENTION
OF BIG
MISTAKES
HARMING
ONES
OWN
COHESION
MAX
EFFECTIVE
NESS
GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION
ECONOMY
OF FORCE
GIS FOR COP
GIS FOR FASTER
DECISION MAKING
ITERATIVE REINFORCING LOOP
INCREASED VELOCITY
SITUATIONAL AWARENESS & ITS IMPACT
ON VELOCITY
VELOCITY OF
MANEUVER
GEOSPATIAL PROVIDES THE COMMON PLATFORM
FOR REMOVING INCONSISTENCIES,
INFO GRID GIVES CAPABILITY TO EXPLOIT
VELOCITY INCREASING CHANGES OF VICTORY
VELOCITY OF
INFORMATION
GLOBAL TRENDS 2025
By 2025, the international system will be a global multi-polar one
with gaps in national power continuing to narrow between developed &
developing countries.
Concurrent with the shift in power among nation-states, the
relative power of various non-state actors including businesses, tribes,
religious organisations, and criminal networks is increasing.
The players are changing, but so too are the scope and breadth of
transnational issues important for continued global prosperity?
The next 20 years of transition to a new system are fraught with
risks. Strategic rivalries are most likely to revolve around trade,
investments, and technological innovation and acquisitions, but we
cannot rule out a 19th century-like scenario of arms races, territorial
expansion, and military rivalries?
This is a story with not clear outcome? (These) trends suggest
major discontinuities, shocks, and surprises (Known Unknowns).
NATIONAL RESPONSE PROCESS
BASED ON
THREAT &
RISKS
NATIONAL
OBJECTIVE
CAPABILITY &
RG OF OPTIONS
STRATEGY
STRATEGIC
PLANS &
POLICY
NATIONAL POWER
GEOGRAPHY
POPULATION
NATURAL RESOURCES
MILITARY
ECONOMIC
POLITICAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL
INFORMATIONAL
WHOLE OF GOVT
APPROACH
RAW
DRI
SIGNAL
INT
CBI
NAVAL
INT
IB
AIR
INT
NTRO
DIA
• INFO SHARING –
TRI SERVICES
MODEL
• CYBER WARFARE
• JOINT SERVICES
COORD
• INTER AGENCY
MEDIA AND PSY OPS
• PERCEPTION MGT
NCW
COP
ON
IT & RMA
GEOSPATIAL
BACK
BONE
C4I STAR
RECOMMENDED GEOSPATIAL
FRAMEWORK
NATIONAL
INFO GRID
NATIONAL
COMN
FRAMEWORK
GEOSPATIAL
FRAMEWORK
MIL
CENTRES OF
EXCELLENCE
INSTITUTIONAL BACKBONE
CIVIL