Transcript DG TREN - CEH Wiki

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Progress with the revision and
consolidation of the European
Basic Safety Standards
Directive
Stefan Mundigl
European Commission
DG Energy and Transport
Radiation Protection Unit
EUROPEAN
COMMISSION
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Role of the European Union
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Euratom Treaty (1957)
» allow the development of nuclear energy while protecting
the Health and Safety of workers and members of the public
Establish uniform Basic Safety Standards
» Ensure their application (transposition; implementation;
infringement procedure)
Ensure the protection of the “environment”
» “air, water, soil”
Research (fission/fusion Framework Programmes)
» radiation biology
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Development of a new European Basic
Safety Standards Directive
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Consolidation of existing European radiation
protection legislation
Revision of the Euratom Basic Safety Standards
(Directive 96/29/Euratom)
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Consolidation of European Radiation
Protection Legislation
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Basic Safety Standards, Directive 96/29/Euratom
Medical Exposures, Directive 97/43/Euratom
Public Information, Directive 89/618/Euratom
Outside Workers, Directive 90/641/Euratom
Control of high-activity sealed radioactive sources and
orphan sources, Directive 2003/122/Euratom
Radon, Commission Recommendation
90/143/Euratom
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Motivation for revision of Euratom BSS
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More binding requirements on
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Natural radiation sources
Criteria for clearance
Cooperation between Member States for emergency
planning and response
Review of regulatory control system
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Graded approach to regulatory control
Cover NORM industries
New recommendations by ICRP
Revision of International Basic Safety Standards
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Strive for greater harmonisation
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Impact of new ICRP Recommendations
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Based on three different exposure situations
» Planned
» Existing
» Emergency
Constraints and Reference levels
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Source related prospective tool for optimisation
Societal basis – Bands of constraints
Forthcoming ICRP Documents on
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Emergency exposure situations
Existing exposure situations
Radiological Protection of the Environment
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Topical issues for BSS revision
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Natural Radiation
» NORM industries
» Building material
» Radon
» Cosmic radiation (exposure to aircrew)
Exemption and Clearance
Graded approach to regulatory control
Education and training
Emergency preparedness and response
Occupational Exposure (Outside workers)
Protection of the Environment
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NORM industries
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“Positive” list of types of industries
» Identification of industries of concern
Activity concentrations above 1 Bq/g (10 Bq/g for
K40)
» Not applicable to recycling in building materials
» Higher values for segments of the decay chain
» Lower values where appropriate in specific cases
Assessment of doses to workers
» 1-6 mSv: keep under review – apply ALARA
» > 6 mSv: controlled areas
Assessment of effluents and disposal of waste
» Recycling rather than radioactive waste disposal
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Radon
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Requirement for a national action plan
» All sources: soil, building material, water
» Definition of radon prone areas
» Reference levels for existing dwellings, new dwellings,
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workplaces and public buildings
Building codes for new buildings
Provide information
» House owners
» Building Profession
Occupational Exposure
» Radon measurements
» Reference levels
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Building Material
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Placing on the market and use of building materials
managed as an existing exposure situation
» for types of building materials identified by national
authorities, based on an indicative list given in BSS
Establishment of national reference levels
» Exemption
» Placing on the market subject to regulatory control
Categorisation of building materials for trade across
national borders
» Labelling and information
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Exemption and clearance
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Enhance clarity of the concepts
Same levels for both concepts
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Basis: IAEA RS-G-1.7
Study launched to
• evaluate differences with EC RP 122,
• assess impact of lowering the exemption levels
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Regulatory Control
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Graded Approach to Regulatory Control
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Exemption
Notification
Registration
• e.g. authorisation in cases of a limited risk
Licensing
Accommodate approach for NORM industries
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Protection of the Environment
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... not much available for the time being ...
» Reference to other applicable EC legislation
» Reference to the Drinking Water Directive
Expect input from
» PROTECT
» ICRP
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Harmonise with international Basic Safety Standards
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What do we need?
A regulatory approach to radiological protection of the
environment has to be
» Transparent & clear
» Easy to understand
» Easy to communicate to stakeholders
• Public, operators, other regulators (environmental area)
» Broadly accepted/agreed
» Practicable to implement
» Consistent with the system in place
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What can/shall be regulated? When?
How?
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Planned exposure situations
» Environmental impact assessment
• New built
» Granting discharge authorisations
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Additional criteria
Further focus on the optimisation principle
New built / existing installations
Probably no impact on clearance of material?
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What can/shall be regulated? When?
How? (2)
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Existing exposure situations
» Remediation of contaminated sites after nuclear accidents or
radiological emergencies / legacy of past practices?
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• Justification and optimisation - Doing more good than harm!
• Decision-making process involving stakeholders
• Case specific
» Natural occurring radioactivity?
Emergency exposure situations
» Main priority: Protection of humans
» Clean-up (see existing exposure situations)
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Numerical Guidance - Input from
PROTECT
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Any numerical guidance has to be
» Transparent, clear, understandable, easy to communicate
» No moving target
Graded (tiered) approach
» Generic screening level
• Threshold to enter the system
• What do we do if we are above?
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» Taxonomic screening levels? Practicability?
» Regulatory action levels?
• Flexibility - case by case assessment?
Implementation - check compliance
» Guidance on assessment (quantities to be measured,
measurements, calculation codes, ...)
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Outline of new Euratom BSS
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Preamble
Title I Subject matter and Scope
Title II Definitions
Title III: System of Protection
Title IV: Responsibilities for regulatory control
Title V: Requirements for Education and Training
Title VI: Justification and Regulatory control of planned exposure
situations
Title VII: Protection of Workers, Apprentices and Students
Title VIII: Protection of Patients and other individuals submitted to
medical exposure
Title IX: Protection of Members of the Public
Title X: Protection of the Environment
Title XI: Emergency exposure situations
Title XII: Existing exposure situations
Title XIII: Final provisions
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Further Steps
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Working Party on Recast
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prepare a complete draft Basic Safety Standards
Directive including
• consolidated Directives
• revised Directive 96/29
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Discuss complete proposal with the Group of Experts
referred to in Article 31 of the Euratom Treaty
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June – November 2009
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International Basic Safety Standards
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European Commission is formally
» Co-sponsoring the Safety Fundamentals
» Joining the secretariat for the review of International Basic
Safety Standards
• In view of potential co-sponsorship
Representatives of IAEA participate as observers in
» Article 31 Group of Experts
» and its Working Parties
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Summary
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Consolidation of existing European radiation
protection legislation
Revision of the Euratom Basic Safety Standards
» Impact of new ICRP Recommendations
» Integrate natural and artificial radiation
» Strive for greater harmonisation with international BSS
Protection of the environment
» Title foreseen in the European BSS
» Harmonisation with international BSS
» ... wait for further input ...
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