Transcript FODA - Presentation - Food and Agriculture Organization of the

Forestry and GAP
by
Michelle Gauthier (Forestry Conservation Service) (FORC)
Christine Holding-Anyonge (Forestry Policy and Institutions Service) (FONP)
Laura Russo (Forest Products Service) (FOPP)
Presented at FAO Workshop on GAPs
Thursday 28 October 2004
Working PowerPoint updated April 2006
GAP Concept and Forestry
Good Agricultural Practices
is the application of available knowledge to the
use of the natural resource base in a
sustainable way for the production of safe,
healthy food and non-food agricultural
products, in a humane manner, while
achieving economic viability and social
stability.
Complexity of the forestry resource
Resources:
Forests, planted forests, agroforestry
systems, other trees outside forest systems
Lands:
Forests and other wooded lands, agricultural
Urban and Rural
Products:
Wood, pulp and paper, fuelwood
Non Wood Forest Products (nwfp),
Agroforestry products
Services:
Watershed conservation, soil fertility, erosion
Control, windbreak, landscape management
* Definition of nwfp (land origin); and agroforestry
Driving forces… Challenges
•
•
•
•
Tree and land tenure - Public and private
Scale/level: farming systems; watershed; landscape; production systems
Goods and services
Stakeholders: small-farmer, community, private enterprise, government, local
authorities
Three pillars
Economic, social and environmental
“Good Practices in Forestry”
… GAP, GAFP, SFMP, GHP, GMP, …
..Good Agricultural Practices, ‘Good Agroforestry Practices’, Sustainable Forest
Management Practice, Good Hygiene Practice, Good Manufacturing Practice..
Three Pillars
Forestry Policy and
Forest Resources Division (FOR)
Information Division (FON)
Promotion of the
sustainable forestry
Economic viable
Forest Products
and Economics
Division (FOP)
FAO Expertise in GAP and Good Forestry Practice (GFP)
(Speedy dot classification system)
GAP PAPER II
FORESTRY
• Food safety
B • Environmental
• Environment
M • Social
• Social
S • Food Safety
… Synergy, Complementarity, Commonalities …
FAO Forestry Department role
as it relates to GAP and GFP
• Assist member countries in developing &
implementing Good Practices in the Forestry
Sector
• Provides with a Neutral Forum for dialogue –
equitable corporate & small-holders
partnership, negotiations process
• Facilitates International and National
Processes – C&I, standards, codes of
conducts, codes of practices, guidelines.
Equitable Partnerships, Markets,
and Forest Extension (C. Holding – FONP)
Forest extension seeks to:
• Promote problem solving and multi-stakeholder approaches to
enhance the contribution of trees and forests to sustainable
land use and food security
• Tackles issues of social justice, using principle of dialogue,
learning processes, and balanced with parameters of
environmental sustainability
• Emphasis on partnerships that facilitate access to markets and
market information
• Forest extension is elaborating and implementing a variety of
partnership approaches base don the principles social,
economic equity and environmental sustainability
Corporate Small-holder partnership (1)
Why now?
• Demand for forest products
• Harvesting in natural forests proscribed:
environmental and conservation concerns;
biodiversity; indigenous rights
• Future production foci: planted forests and
trees on farms
• Livelihoods diversification opportunities for
smallholders
Corporate small-holder partnership (…2)
Conditions for mutually beneficial partnerships
•
•
•
•
•
Policy
Economic
Socio-cultural
Ecological
Management
- Preconditions
- Mutually beneficial
- Recognition of diverse
and multiple objectives
- Sustainability
- Respectful practices,
joint action learning
Outgrower schemes in Brazil, Colombia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, New Zealand,
Portugal, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Vanuatu, Zimbabwe…
Corporate small-holder partnerships
Vision (…3)
• Improved effectiveness, efficiency and equity
of partnerships between corporate and
smallholder investors in planted trees and
forests landscapes
• Corporate smallholder partnerships
exhibiting greater equity supported by and
integrated into institutional, legal
frameworks, corporate strategies and policy
process in their respective countries
Corporate small-holder partnerships (…4)
How to get there
• Understanding of appropriate
contexts for partnerships
improved
• Guidance for partnerships
improved
• Capacity for partnerships
improved
• Governance of partnerships
improved
C&I, Guidelines, Codes of conduct/practices,
E&S assessments, Standards and Certification
Sustainable forest management (SFM)
– International and national processes on criteria and
indicators for SFM
• C&I as a framework for SFM and certification schemes
• 9 international processes, 150 countries
• Tenure and use rights and responsibilities; Indigenous
Peoples’ Rights, Benefits from the forests, Environmental
impact, Management plan, Monitoring and Assessment;
Maintenance of high conservation values forest;
plantations
• Stakeholders
– FAO Model Code of Forest Harvesting Practices (next …)
– Model and demonstration forests (next …)
C&I, Codes, Standards, Guidelines (…2)
Sustainable forest management (SFM) (…2)
– FAO Model Code of Forest Harvesting Practices
• Social dimension in codes of forest practices:
ILO and labour standards in forest industries
• Environmental and social assessment of forest
utilizations
• Regional codes: Asia-Pacific (1999) , Central
and West Africa
• National codes (e.g. Australia, British Colombia,
Fiji, Guyana, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand,
South Africa)
C&I, Codes, Standards, Guidelines (…3)
Sustainable forest management (SFM) (…3)
– Model and demonstration forests
• Canada … voluntary partnership of all individual,
organizations, interest groups and private companies
who have a stake in the SFM
• International Model Forest Network (IMFN) in 32 model
forests in 12 Countries (Canada, USA, Mexico, Chile,
Argentina, Russian Federation, Japan, China, Myanmar,
Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia)
• FAO/Japan Regional Forest Project in Asia covering
China, the Philippines, Thailand and Myanmar
• FAO/Technical Cooperation Project (TCP) project in
Argentina
• FAO : Identification of potential future model and
demonstration forests
• Other partners: CIFOR, ITTO, CATIE, …
C&I, Codes, Standards, Guidelines (…4)
Sustainable forest management (SFM) (…4)
– Forest management certification: Forest
Stewardship Council (FSC), Pan European
Forest Council (PEFC), Rainforest Alliance
SFM for goods (e.g. wood, pulp & paper, nwfp,
fuelwood, wildlife) … services and welfare
C&I, Codes, Standards, Guidelines (…5)
Planted Forests Code
– Draft publicly released – a framework of guiding principles & key
considerations for planted forest developments (multi-stakeholder process
on-going) http://www.fao.org/forestry/plantedforestscode
– Feedback & dialogue (on-going)
Fire Management Code
– 2nd draft Code & Strategy to Enhance International Cooperation in
Implementation of the Fire Management Code (multi-stakeholder process ongoing)
– Expert consultation, Madrid, May 2006 to review Code and Strategy
Processes for Planted Forests Code & Fire Management Code & Strategy
supported by Africa Forestry & Wildlife & Asia Pacific Forestry Commissions
(March/April 06), Private Sector Associations & International NGOs
Final Drafts of Planted Forests Code & Fire Management Code & Strategy to
COFO, 2007 for consideration & appropriate action, incl. capacity building,
monitoring & reporting
C&I, Codes, Standards, Guidelines (…6)
Non-wood forest products (nwfp)
– Best practices for selected NWFP:
• TCP on gum arabic, agarwood
• Case studies Bolivia (brazil nut, Nuevo Milenio); Ghana
(shea, TechnoServe), Namibia (Devil’s caw, CRIAA SADC), Germany (devil’s claw, TRAFFIC) and UK (Brazil
nuts, consultant)
– FOP is assessing the impact of trade and marketing on the
sustainable use of nwfp
– Publications: e.g. “Labelling, standards and certification
issues for forest gathered food products”
– Collaborators for certification and guidelines: WHO, ILO,
ITTO, IFOAM, IUFRO, CIFOR, CRIAA SADC, IUCN,
WWF/TRAFFIC, UNCTAD
C&I, Codes, Standards, Guidelines (…7)
Agroforestry, urban forestry and other Trees outside forests
– Agroforestry and Special Programme for Food Security
(SPFS) such as:
• Nigeria - introduction of an agroforestry component; with
ICRAF
• Guatemala – community forestry
– Agroforestry Extension and Food Security: Web material (in
preparation)
– 1st World Congress of Agroforestry (Orlando, USA, 2004):
Parallel session on Agroforestry & Food Security
– Low forest cover countries (LFCC) and the Tehran Process
– Trees Outside Forests (TOF) and Forest Resources
Assessment (FRA) – assessment (data collection and
methodology development)
– Certification : IFOAM, Forest Garden Initiative (FGI),
Rainforest Alliance/Smartwood Programme (FSC Draft
Principle # 11)
Sustainable Forest Management
and NWFP Certification (1)
• Sustainable Forest Management (SFM)
Certification
• Organic Certification
• Social Certification
• Product Quality Certification
Sustainable Forest Management
and NWFP Certification (...2)
Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Generic guidelines for
assessing the management of NTFP in natural forests:
1. Commitment to FSC principles and legal requirements;
2. Land tenure and use rights and responsibilities;
3. Forest management planning and monitoring;
4. Forest management practices;
5. Environmental impacts & conservation;
6. Social & cultural impacts;
7. Community & worker relations;
8. Benefits from the forest and economic viability;
9. Chain of custody.
Draft Principle # 11 on NTFP
Some publications
Thank you