Transcript Church History

Church History
Ancient Church History
Ca. 30AD
Medieval Church History
Modern Church History
590 AD
1517 AD
Apostolic Church
The First Medieval Pope
Reformation &
Counter Reformation
Apostolic Fathers
The Rise of the Holy Roman Empire
Church Councils
The Crusades
Golden Age of
Church Fathers
The Papacy in Decline
The Pre-Reformers
Rationalism, Revivalism,
& Denominationalism
Revivalism, Missions,
& Modernism
?
That the end of the Hellenistic-Roman phase of Christianity “did not lead to the
slow strangulation of the total Christian presence in the world was due to the
slow, painful, and far from satisfactory spread of Christian allegiance among
the tribal peoples beyond the old frontiers…”
Andrew Walls The Missionary Movement in Christian History, p. 19
ULFILAS
“little wolf”
Four Centers of Missionary Movement in 2nd 500 years
1. Rome
2. Ireland
3. England
4. Persia/Constantinople
Cyril & Methodius
Prince Vladimir of Kiev,982
Reasons people were converting to Christianity
1. Some because they were forced to
2. Some because of perceived advantages
3. Some by a ‘power encounter’
How do you balance the reality of this?
God’s Providence was at work!
AGES OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH
I. Period of Jewish Christianity
II. Period of Roman Empire
III. Period of Northern Europe, Central Asia
“A STRANGE WIND BLOWING IN
THE DESERT”
BYZANTINE EMPIRE
600 C.E.
570
MECCA
MUHAMMAD
ABU TALIB
KHADIJAH
610
VISION FROM THE ANGEL GABRIEL
“Recite, in the name of your Lord, Who created mankind
from a clot of blood.
Recite, for your Lord is most generous; by the pen He
taught man what he did not know.”
610-622 REMAINED IN MECCA
ALLAH IS GOD ALONE
DUTY OF MAN: SUBMIT (ISLAM)
How do Muslims view the world?
dar al-islam
Territory where Muslim governments
rule
Sharia
dar al-harb
Territory where Islamic rule is not present
NOTE:
This can exist within Muslim countries
where Sharia is not the recognized law
CIVIL WAR
UTHMAN (644-656)
ALI BIN ABU TALEB (650-661)
Ali’s followers
Shi’ites
Aisha’s followers
Sunnis
The Fruit of Islam (661-1095)
Turning point at Tours
732
Charles Martel (Charles the Hammer)
Baghdad rises in prominence
Life of the Messenger of God Ibn Ishaq
Cairo surges in prominence
al-Azhar University
THE CRUSADES (1095-1291)
FRONT LINES MOVE EAST (1298-1515)
ISLAM RESTORED TO SPLENDOR (1515-1919)
RISE OF OTTOMAN TURKS
ISLAM ON THE DEFENSIVE (1919-)
ISLAMIC TEACHING (DOCTRINE) AND AUTHORITY
QUR’AN
Books of “hadith”
“shar’ia”
“Outh al-Figh”
books of law
FIVE PILLARS (DOCTRINES/PRACTICES) OF ISLAM
1. “Shahadah” “There is no god but ALLAH, and Muhammad is his
Prophet”
“Ilaha illa Allah, Muhammad vasul Allah”
2
“Salah”
3. “Zakah”
4. “Sawm”
5.
“Hajj”
PRAYER
Giving Alms
Fasting
Pilgrimage
ISLAM IS A RELIGION OF WORKS
‘Then as for him whose balance (of good deeds) will be heavy, he will live a
pleasant life (in Paradise). But as for him whose balance (of good deeds) will
be light, he will have his home in ‘Hawiyah” (pit; i.e. Hell)
Surah 101:6-9
jihad
struggle
moral
military
Noble Quran
Fight the enemy of Allah until
enemy dies or Muslim dies
(Jihad) is fighting anybody who stands in the way of spreading Islam. Or fighting
anyone who refuses to enter into Islam. (based on Surah 8:39)
Contract between Allah and a Muslim
“Let those (believers) who sell the life of this world for the Hereafter fight in the
Cause of Allah, and whoso fights in the Cause of Allah, and is killed or gets
victory, We shall bestow on him a great reward”
Surah 4:74
Noble Quran
“For them Allah has got ready Gardens (Paradise) under which rivers flow, to
dwell therein forever. That is the supreme success.”
Surah 9:89
ASSURANCE OF FORGIVENESS!
Nobel Quran
Jihad is a command to all Muslims, enforced by the Quran
“Those who reject Islam must be killed. If they turn back (from Islam) take
(hold of) them and kill them wherever you find them.”
Surah 4:89
Noble Quran
“Let not the Unbelievers think that they can get the better (of the godly); they will
never frustrate them. Against them make ready your strength to the utmost of
your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the
enemis, of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom you may not
know, but whom Allah knows.”
Surah 8:59-60
Ali Translation